1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 |B,dEx/uU ruWye1X; Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance "hfw9Qm 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 mxZ4
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%i Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors i /C'0 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 `dP? 2-Z QZz&1n Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion A03I-^0g+
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 xvHOY: ;,R[]B01u Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior ^1()W,B~w 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为
-\5[Nq{N 0;'j!`l9 Engagement letter
$.=5e3 约定书(委托书) z)r8?9u vxF:vI# @ 2. Planning and risk assessment r';H
xa ' 规划和风险评估 }`?7\\6 N" 8*FiZ| General principles |YJ$c@ 一般原则 $]xE$dzJ .`b4h"g: Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism Al)lWD}j2g 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 e_tZja2s :A,O(
Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 5^bh
.uF 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 o$*bm6o USH@:c#t Risk-based approach 7
cy+Nz 基于风险的办法 JvT%R`i LNWqgIq Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business '3IkPy1Uz 了解商业的实质和知识 tuX =o
U;^CU!a Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud wV7@D[8 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 W`
WLW8Qsw >cC Gx Materiality (level), tolerable error .dy#n`eP 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ))8Emk^Q{ 7g {g} Analytical procedures L.R"~3 分析程序 vsOdp:Yp9! R?1idl) Planning an audit B4PW4>GF
规划审计工作 $K5ni {M; 9[6G8;<D& Audit documentation: working papers \65vfE~ O 审计文件:工作底稿 3U :YA&K( %g2/o^c* The work of others &\CJg'D:m 其他机构的文件 UwvGr h =ip~J<sw& Rely on the work of experts jAD+:
@ 依靠专家的工作 ahK?]:&QO l"2^S6vU Rely on the work of internal audit 0(Yh~{ 依靠内部审计工作 Fr938q6^- 4f_ZY5= 3. Internal control a/wUeW
内部控制 Z1XUYe62 (CKhY~,/u The evaluation of internal control systems n23%[#,r 对内部控制系统的评估 FN{H\W1cf [a#?}((
Tests of control cKvAR5| 控制测试 B]+7 JB nsM>% +o Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) `8$:F4%P 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 1Xk{(G<\ A &X Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. GqmDDL1 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 2ID*U d* M6o
xtt4 .b!OZ 4.Audit evidence =rf)yp-D 审计证据 %RfY`n llTQ\7zP Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence HM(bR"E 获取足够、适当的审计证据 ,6y-.m7> *o:BoP=S Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations |IyM"UH 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 :V5!C$QV CWobvR)e The audit of specific items 6Y92& 审计的具体项目 , u8ZS|9 !9ceCnwbNN Receivables: confirmation i"2J5LLv 应收帐款:确认 i4{ / !.tL"U~4 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties B J:E,P`_ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 DRKc&F6Qy ^^t]vojX Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation p3,(*eZ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 Eb4< 26A ;Wfv+]n9 Bank and cash: bank confirmation luG023' 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 WNF=NNO-R @@&@}IQcR1 Auditing sampling +Zty}fe 审计抽样 $h|I7` ZPxOds1m 5.Review
pDq^W@Rq 复核 dctA`W@:- 's7 SZ$( Subsequent events b6?Xo/lJ
. 随后发生的事件 H;b'"./ R"8})a
gw #C=L^cSx( rH}Dt@ #Kb)>gzT Going concern .LGkr@P 持续关注 >gS5[`xRE c!(~BH3p Management representations ^~YmLI4 与管理层的交涉沟通 ShsP]$Yp
iC5JU&l Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 9^C!,A{u4 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 ~YT>:Np gl(6m`a> U(Hq4D 6. Reporting .x-Z+Rs{g 报告 4%c7#AX[T 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com u[6`
Jr~ Appendix 4o)\DB?! 附录 zM9) .D
H Audit procedure [<3Q$*Ew 审计程序 no\}aTx