1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 XYAm
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iRR{a< Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance YeyGN 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 V!&P(YO: ehT%s+aUw Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors `!i-#~n 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 9i%9
{G*OR,HN Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion !ni>\lZ 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 N4wA#\- _a5(s2wq+ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior MhxDV d 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 p3yU:q#A V LdB_r3lQ Engagement letter BJ5}GX! 约定书(委托书) ;Z9IZ~ ;GOz>pg 2. Planning and risk assessment *7RvHHf 规划和风险评估 x8"#!Pw:`" 9 Cvn6{ General principles _u5dC 一般原则 }l;Lxb2` Fm3t'^SqF Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism _Y!sVJ){,c 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 E FY@Y[ 5<+KR.W Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 8omC%a}9m 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 o~1 Kp!U > 0.W`j(s Risk-based approach X3B{8qx_> 基于风险的办法 !p[`IWZ
>|*yh~ Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business
f /y` 了解商业的实质和知识 +iA=y=;blH z-,VnhLx Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud |vu>;*K 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 >EP(~G3u BX< dSK Materiality (level), tolerable error o#D.9K( 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 X?o(
b/F- OYmi?y\ Analytical procedures RU&_j*U 分析程序 T):SGW P8I*dvu _ Planning an audit = yXs?y" 规划审计工作 x0Z5zV9 }roG( Audit documentation: working papers 0rE(p2
审计文件:工作底稿 L?RF;jf <Kt3PyF The work of others Q6'nSBi:A_ 其他机构的文件 Cifd21v4 KQ`=t Rely on the work of experts + WDq=S 依靠专家的工作 c`G&KCw)d z"
QJhCh7 Rely on the work of internal audit ig_2={Q@ 依靠内部审计工作 :&w{\-0{ m,_d^ 3. Internal control Q0cRH"!: 内部控制 e/ s(ojDW vkcRm`. The evaluation of internal control systems Q-eCHr) 对内部控制系统的评估 pq!%?m] K@:m/Z}|4 Tests of control 80B>L 控制测试 :`Az/U[ ra6o>lI(, Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) " I+p 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) jC, FG'P <4`eQ Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. )TmtS SS 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 =A!S/;z> b ,^*mx= 0 P|&Pq&IH 4.Audit evidence #kmh
:P 审计证据 uCP>y6I .tXtcf/ Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence (pR.Abq 获取足够、适当的审计证据 ;LwqTlJ*[L C>QIrZu Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations yL1bS|@ 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 ktH8as^54! b=[?b+ The audit of specific items b
1`r!B, 审计的具体项目 s8gU7pT49 T-" I9kM Receivables: confirmation pchBvly+0 应收帐款:确认 *nTU#U %_M2N.n Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties 8cxai8 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 CAc
%f9!3 ~H6;I$e[ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation YJF#)TkF 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 V5rp.~ yy2I2Bv Bank and cash: bank confirmation C !x/
^gw 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 /SR^C$h'I !.HnGb+ Auditing sampling -_^c6!i 审计抽样 ;</Lf=+Vm +a+`Z>
5.Review
HAB#pd9 复核 RDQ^dui _}Ps(_5D Subsequent events _YHu96H; 随后发生的事件 I$q> KLQ!b,=q 4&X*pL2; aP()|js ]$iN#d|ZU Going concern (?&=T.*^ 持续关注 +Ov2`O8? pa]" iZz Management representations /CX VLl8~ 与管理层的交涉沟通 )@g;j> HeN~c<NuB Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences OEgI_=B 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 v> z@ 7*H:Ob)9k Z@rN_WXx 6. Reporting l:(Rb-Wy 报告 x;E
2~&E 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com :osz Appendix ]o/|na* 附录 zsl,,gk9Y Audit procedure N=1JhjVk" 审计程序 90N`CXas