1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 .vW~(ZuD BPG)m,/b Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance ~HYP:6f 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 %x927I> dX$])b_Uw Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors xJ"Zg]d{ 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 25ayYO%PTc )K?GAj]Pq Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion i;xg[e8. 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 JxLH]1b 3?O|X+$p Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior <oXsn.'\ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 *$cp" gx6&'${=# Engagement letter I2W2B3D` c 约定书(委托书) 'I<j`)4`d eXOFA d]>u 2. Planning and risk assessment DY07?x7 规划和风险评估 )_Oc=/c|f &(rd{j/
* General principles 7S1!|*/
I 一般原则 U3V<ITZI8t :9`1bZ?a Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism c|.:
J] 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 YpKa
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B ?Tl@e Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ZH}NlEn 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 > Qtyw.n uc<@
Fh( Risk-based approach )m'_>-`^: 基于风险的办法 ua[\npz5 #_7c>gn Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business X<QE]RZ 了解商业的实质和知识 r{TNPa6! os.x|R]_ Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud \1MDCP9: 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 K$]QzPXS #NE^f2 Materiality (level), tolerable error P
X0#X=$ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 -J30g\ Q|1bF!#(1 Analytical procedures C\; 8l}t 分析程序 >'jM8=o*Ax j41:]6 Planning an audit "pPNlV]UA^ 规划审计工作 dJ!o/y6 b910Z?B^L Audit documentation: working papers c[y8"M5 审计文件:工作底稿 :L[6a>"neE IYO,/ kbf The work of others D1n2Z:9 其他机构的文件 :kVV.a#g 0?7uqS#L Rely on the work of experts bS'r} 依靠专家的工作 uUe\[-~ VM,ZEt3Vy Rely on the work of internal audit GWVdNYpmr 依靠内部审计工作 d<Os TA kYs|")isj 3. Internal control qLP+@wbJ 内部控制 qck/b p~.@8r( The evaluation of internal control systems 3DHm9n+/: 对内部控制系统的评估 m?j!0> TUaK:*x* Tests of control $Y`aS^IW 控制测试 K_5&_P1 jvV8`BQ{ Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) E5(Y*m! 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) Wj:QC<5
v )^\='(s Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 8j'*IRj*q 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 O0~d6Ba Q]wM/7 h Nle;&*F 4.Audit evidence 95Qz1*TR 审计证据 4I-p/&Q $dP)8_Z2 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence g#4gGhI 获取足够、适当的审计证据 #CPP dU$ L0kNt
&di Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations /;rN/ot2o 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 h)rf6*hw Nd_@J&
The audit of specific items J,O@T)S@ 审计的具体项目 .A\ \v6@ B`scuLl3 Receivables: confirmation Xa@wN/"F 应收帐款:确认 :\U3bkv+ XijLS7Aw| Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties ~vGtNMQg 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 /6?plt&CA m0Syxb Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 0
s|LK 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 QYgN39gp XKX,7 Bank and cash: bank confirmation Pm^N0L9?q 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 !Blk=L+p i grog Auditing sampling
}4]<P 审计抽样 (nD$%/uK' r^t{Ii~ 5.Review
Sx)Il~ x 复核 qffSq](D
. <j\;>3Q Subsequent events Zd U{`>v 随后发生的事件 66<\i ltUQ Mlw9#H6 yim$y,=d B bw1k r.b6E% D Going concern -1 持续关注 y,?G75wij U%DF!~n Management representations uq4sbkP 与管理层的交涉沟通 4E-A@FR /iy*3P,` Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences SMO%sZ] 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 Gd-.E7CH! P"h\7V,d% ` G=L07 6. Reporting fG2&/42
J 报告 "&#WMi 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com n&m?BuG Appendix 5@D7/$bLp
附录 :{s%=\k {d Audit procedure "qTC(F9N$. 审计程序 cNo4UZvr