1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 NkoyEa/^[ 9I*2xy|I Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance [930=rF* 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 .[+}nA,g%~ ^\[c][fo Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors _GM?` 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 <{h\Msx% OO</d: Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion @urZ 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 ky&wv+7
U2LD_-HZ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior Lq2jXy5#n 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 L c
)i
K{, '%| Engagement letter QNXoAx%I 约定书(委托书) B@S~v+Gr 1CR\!? 2. Planning and risk assessment
N3zZ>#{ 规划和风险评估 KyQTrl.qdl i6$HwRZm# General principles 2%pU'D: 一般原则 KoA +Vv9 0$0
215 Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism IVy<>xpt 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 zhbSiw ,N;2"$+E Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 5<e{)$C 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 g7^|(!Y% 0FLCN!i1 Risk-based approach ^IyYck'y+ 基于风险的办法 w~:F? mnBTZ/ZjS Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business :pNS$g[ 了解商业的实质和知识 C]fX=~?bGQ >&ZlCE Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud )Gk?x$pY@ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 q[+h ~) Onh
R` Materiality (level), tolerable error eo@8?>}{X 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 "shX~zd5 $|7=$~y Analytical procedures KJv%t_4'F 分析程序 *]}F=dtR k X
@pm !c# Planning an audit CU*TY1% 规划审计工作 =CD.pw)B1 J}+N\V~ Audit documentation: working papers Ekik_!aB 审计文件:工作底稿 U&{w:P
)_OGt [_H The work of others "5z@A/Z/ 其他机构的文件 dA E85 _sZ&=-FR Rely on the work of experts K:kb&W 依靠专家的工作 Q`NdsS2 cNFHbMd Rely on the work of internal audit Gy;Fe= 依靠内部审计工作 iq?T&44& )_n(u3'
3. Internal control PIXqd, 内部控制 ^*+M9e9Z HG< z,gE
2 The evaluation of internal control systems %#PWD7a\ 对内部控制系统的评估 F6{/iF ~-y&C% Tests of control M X?UmQ' 控制测试 )siWc_Z4 3$Vx8:Rhdn Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) rNKeY48\ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) h oM
%|,0 _Pa@%/ Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. ,3c25.,* 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 Q`6hJgyL k3e6y ixK9/5T 4.Audit evidence Qds:*]vGS 审计证据 K"|~D0Qgo ?'|GGtvm Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence Ayv:
Pv@ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 6J#R1.h `HnZ{PKf Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations WNb2"W 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 :8`$BbV 9Iq<*\V 4 The audit of specific items \ltS~EuWU 审计的具体项目 #Ef! X LR!%iP Receivables: confirmation -!mtLaLw 应收帐款:确认 [` }w7 a&2x;diF Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties I$x<B7U 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 r..f$FF)\ auX(d -m Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation .fhfb\$ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 ZR%$f- -5]lHw} Bank and cash: bank confirmation 4p+Veo6B 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 "#gS ?aS __s'/6u Auditing sampling 'vu]b#l3 审计抽样 W1Fhx` EAm31v C 5.Review
X2 ;72 复核 F|/6;&*?M ~`^kP.() Subsequent events ^c9_ F9N 随后发生的事件 #`U?,>2q T-GvPl9ZJw AZ^>osr 3djw yS:w>xU @< Going concern !};Ll=dz 持续关注 N?#L{Yt ,3eN& Management representations WlY\R>x# 与管理层的交涉沟通 +t1+1Zv wS?K c^2O Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences ;;rx)|\<R 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 H^`J(J+ U(x$&um(l ^jdtp 6. Reporting sa/9r9hc+ 报告 *SI,K)BP 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com ]]`[tVaFr Appendix UM`$aPz 附录 xaB#GdD Audit procedure g`C"t3~%S 审计程序 sh0x<_