1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计
#@%DY*w]v l Oxz&m Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance J,
q6 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 M:TN^ rA| jEU`ko_ Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors fz>3 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 3<F\5| ]6s7?07m4 Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 3mef;!q 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 7 6 nrDE {o>51fXc) Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior /Q]6"nY 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为
@G'&7-(h* l$_q#Kd Engagement letter f
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b 约定书(委托书) c?(;6$ A S:5vC{ 2. Planning and risk assessment /Uxp5 b h 规划和风险评估
~V34j: )WWqi,T} General principles @~p;.=1]F 一般原则 KYw~(+gHv2 WzinEo{f Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism Cj/J&PDQ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 LK>AC9ak< srL|Y&8 p Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk mM#[XKOC< 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 {4]sJT WR|n> i@m Risk-based approach YzA6*2 基于风险的办法 9Gh:s6 *C
~$<VYI Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business u B~C8} 了解商业的实质和知识 Z-U-n/6I pZxuV(QP` Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ~SzHIVj:6 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 !#[B#DZc( 6[x6:{^J Materiality (level), tolerable error n=F|bW 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ~7 w"$H8 ?
zpN09e Analytical procedures X;/5Niv32q 分析程序 uD=FTx qrr[QEFW Planning an audit eo [eN. 规划审计工作 F`Ld
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k++#rB Audit documentation: working papers 9 $&$Fe 审计文件:工作底稿 ?9Hs,J mVsghDESJ) The work of others t,]E5,1 其他机构的文件 sx^0*h-Qq w<|Qezi3
w Rely on the work of experts F1A7l"X] 依靠专家的工作 }!_ofe WU+OS( Rely on the work of internal audit bXNM.K 依靠内部审计工作 4\Q
pS X,mqQ7+ 3. Internal control ]EWEW*'
j 内部控制 SJ8C
BxA *Dhy a g The evaluation of internal control systems WKvG|YRDq 对内部控制系统的评估 !;, Dlq-} ozOvpi:k3% Tests of control ))xP]Mu v 控制测试 _&R lR "8l&m6`U- Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) N<e72x 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) E[a|.lnV NpAZuISD! Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 1m4Xl%KS> 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 %8c2d <$@*'i^7Ez + t7n6 4.Audit evidence !v\_<8 审计证据 hdN[wC] 6k+4R< Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence EQ%,IK/ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 > }fw7 X z@Uf@~+U Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations *LOUf7` 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 lO/?e!$ R>;m6Rb_ The audit of specific items oD.[T)G? 审计的具体项目 [4
y7tjar^ U'p-Ko# Receivables: confirmation U9(p ^ 应收帐款:确认 d1BE;9*/7 $I|6v Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties &xLCq&j1 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 PD$'
~2 LQz6op}R Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation f >$V:e([
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 yp?a7t M 60z8U#upM Bank and cash: bank confirmation C8W4~~1S 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 T
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Auditing sampling py }`thx 审计抽样 g:eqB&& L0X/ 5.Review
I%M"I0FV 复核 )%wNVW 0C 8)bqN$*h Subsequent events +)ba9bJ| 随后发生的事件 <^d
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\ Going concern *; :
dJXR 持续关注 F[)5A5+:Y /i)>|U
4 Management representations vHXCT?FuG 与管理层的交涉沟通 ybU_x pD17r}% Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences @hw
e 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 g\]~H%2 , "cz'|z` @! {Y9k2 6. Reporting Q N]y.(S)y 报告 7q(A& 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com W <u,S Appendix t.Yf
8Gy 附录 N?2C*|%f Audit procedure }D[j6+E 审计程序 5tl($j