1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 "iFA&$\ tHlKo0S$0 Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance oxkA+}^j8M 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 <i9pJGW XRi/O)98o Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors <xOv0B 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 6E~T$^Q} VJ1(|v{D4[ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion rv>K0= t0 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 K:Mm?28s hs'J'~a Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior x8H%88!j* 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 Rv R,V r83
chR9 Engagement letter "Uy==~ 约定书(委托书) }1<_
@* a'B=7 2. Planning and risk assessment .yp"6S^b 规划和风险评估 fAMJ
FHW {=]1]IWt General principles 8SmtEV[b3 一般原则 pAwmQS\W &^WJ:BvA|^ Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism ?U~}uG^ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 uMW5F-~-+ JN;92|x Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk *Jd,8B/hC 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 rG7S^,5o 1QHCX*_ Risk-based approach 4h:R+o ^H^ 基于风险的办法 Of|e]GR .eQIU$Kw!O Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business sD V*k4 了解商业的实质和知识 A)I4 `3E slSQ \;CDA Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud z:PH _N~ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 /+pPcK { bjK
(| Materiality (level), tolerable error NXhQdf 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ['F, #@h3#IC Analytical procedures ZSL:q%:. 分析程序 A/
kRw'6 <.c@l,[.z Planning an audit 9:tvk
l 规划审计工作 lN
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F^iv1b Audit documentation: working papers >AcpJ|V 审计文件:工作底稿 ~r~~0|= ![H!Y W' The work of others
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其他机构的文件 #L\t)W ;bJ2miO"e Rely on the work of experts D}
Jhg`9 依靠专家的工作 LM_/: !X 3/2KRP7 Rely on the work of internal audit !*8x>,/> 依靠内部审计工作 Rg*zUfu5%o C#]% 3. Internal control 7h?yAgDv~ 内部控制 I+ipTeB^
o6e6Jw The evaluation of internal control systems QC:/xP 对内部控制系统的评估 \Fh
k> iR-MuDM Tests of control !x9j~D'C` 控制测试 %]9
<a nU"V@_?\ Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) -la~p~
8 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) c`UJI$Q/ +~ro*{3 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 7#Qa/[? D 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 1m-"v:fT5D m,nV,}@J <DS+"# 4.Audit evidence CL(,Q8yG 审计证据 #&\hgsw/T uNLB3Rdy} Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence 06bl$% 获取足够、适当的审计证据 6p/gvpZ Xq&x<td Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations
z"BV+ 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 4%WV)lt dG{`Jk The audit of specific items P=&J e? 审计的具体项目 1r}fnT< :)nn/[>fC Receivables: confirmation .kM74X=S 应收帐款:确认 fSp(}'m2L l79jd%/m Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties P[{w23`4 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 ^o't&
P9J3Ii! Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation !l'Az3'J| 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 ]>@;
2%YvY d"78w-S Bank and cash: bank confirmation h
Ia{s) 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 ?,r bD1 iUh_rX9A" Auditing sampling aDa}@-F&a 审计抽样 zTY|Z@: =y7]9SOq 5.Review
lwLK#_5u 复核 1Qf21oN{ K@VXFV Subsequent events @M4~,O6- 随后发生的事件 e4NT :o$ R@l |6B:tw/. UQ>GAzh (7
Mn%Jp Going concern PK C``+Ki 持续关注 ?{q w
/& <C6/R]x# Management representations C5Q|3d 与管理层的交涉沟通 SPsq][5eR [p@NzS/ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences {mL/)\ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 ~U8#Iq1 k`js~/Xv :LVM'c62c> 6. Reporting ~PvW+UMLk 报告 ^g[\.Q 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com >4\V/
I Appendix U=XaI%ZM) 附录 #
`a-b<uz Audit procedure Hi|2z5=V 审计程序 #2DH_P