1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 @t@B(1T _n!>*A! Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance G Y.iCub 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 I3b*sx$ A:D9qp Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors dh.{lvlX| 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 OCJt5#e~A c5uC?b]. Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion %IE;'aa
} 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 mXS"nd30bD Qa\,)<'D: Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior s$,G5Feub 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 e igVT4 J7C?Z Engagement letter m @lUJY 约定书(委托书) ?B$L
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n@F. 2. Planning and risk assessment bfEH>pQ># 规划和风险评估 Aqz $WTHW+ M2R krW# General principles e@;'# t 一般原则 + !"YC ~c]
q:pU2 Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism `IJ)'$pn 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ya5HAs :-lq Yd5^ Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk n*' :,m 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 "KS"[i!3j 08{^Ksg Risk-based approach :-<30LS$ 基于风险的办法 ->o[ S0 fAz4>_4 Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business p&u\gSo 了解商业的实质和知识 cH$(*k9%M nd,\<}uP9 Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud n/ :#:
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 {Rb;1 eYj FGie*t Materiality (level), tolerable error \ltS~EuWU 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 dZ8ldpf8 LR!%iP Analytical procedures &/2+'wCp5 分析程序 <P ?gP1_zi a&2x;diF Planning an audit gdoaXw;Sy 规划审计工作 r..f$FF)\ auX(d -m Audit documentation: working papers
ujN~l_4 审计文件:工作底稿 W8u&5#$I #G?#ot2o The work of others =Ti
@Y 其他机构的文件 iPY)Ew`Im [`s.fkb8 Rely on the work of experts _T
mKn!Jw 依靠专家的工作 =8TBkxG *93=}1gN Rely on the work of internal audit w-$iKtb. 依靠内部审计工作 u|.|dv'mbp _Gt
;= 3. Internal control ,quUGS 内部控制 ^c9_ F9N m8x?`Gw~jw The evaluation of internal control systems g:xg ~H2 对内部控制系统的评估 5-k gGOt 0%;| B Tests of control $;}@2U 控制测试 AS:k&t 0S4Y3bac& Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) ahZ@4v 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) hR:i! 8''1H<f Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. OC-d5P
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 7\$ b%A l Le&
q (fr=[m$` 4.Audit evidence b
ivo7_ 审计证据 #Tag"b`
zFipuG02 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence I(3~BOUn_ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 [ +CFQf> 3D5adI<aq" Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations Rh
T:] 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 '/Vm[L$d `s\[X-j] The audit of specific items $G}k'[4C 审计的具体项目 "}%j' {M=B5- Receivables: confirmation QhAYCw2 应收帐款:确认 'qo(GGC M {|j-e{* Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties wv\"(e7( 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 Yt:%)&50}- OEzSItAI/[ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation '43U v 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 \>EUa}%xn S;iD~> KP Bank and cash: bank confirmation .wWf#bB 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 TV_a(#S `:m=rT_ Auditing sampling q3-cWfU 审计抽样 FEopNDy@y Ln+ k_ 5.Review
#Q_<eo%lI* 复核 ?$<~cD" Sw t4~?m{ Subsequent events MIZ!+[At 随后发生的事件 W$l4@A L"?4}U: x
0vW9*& &Q\k`0vzVB 9!2$?xqym Going concern G%i&C)jZ 持续关注 ;F71f#iY w)YTHY(k; Management representations fHI@'
'0 与管理层的交涉沟通 673G6Nk UN^M.lqZX Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 7<2?NLE8* 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 ,g|ht%" _$HC NFdh 1.
Q"<[ M 6. Reporting 3z#fFP@E 报告 JE$$6X 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com o@} qPvt0 Appendix ~+RrL,t# 附录 (\%+id|/q@ Audit procedure Nii5}, 审计程序 (15.?9