1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 *S_e:^
216+ tX5Z
Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance }Ictnb
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 j]7|5mC78
Ta #vD_QP
Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors R"(rL5j
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 "bZV<;y6
\RN,i]c-g/
Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion h&4ufx6
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 l,uYp"F,ps
~82[pY
Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior #!p=P<4M
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 x_1JQDE
?]gZg[
Engagement letter 'Z2:u!E
约定书(委托书) 'B}pIx6k~
^_4TDC~h
2. Planning and risk assessment :0o
$qz2
规划和风险评估 9fD4xkRS
}aYm86C]
General principles &{QB}r
一般原则 .4={K)kz|F
H e]1<tx
Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism .d`+#1Ot(
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ~^/zCPy[w
Cpaeo0Oq
Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk U
-~%-gFC
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 :QgC Zq
(^GVy=
Risk-based approach 3WyK!@{
基于风险的办法 m1_?xU
o
D;
Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business bb;fV
了解商业的实质和知识 -Hzn7L
||
?B1
Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud GkMNV7"m
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 1wUZ
0r1'
}]vj"!?a
Materiality (level), tolerable error o;Ijv\Em
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 KsYT3
b3b 4'l
Analytical procedures Bc}<B:q%b
分析程序 BOJh-(>I
TR
z~rW
k
Planning an audit .jMm-vox}
规划审计工作 475yX-A
_5a]pc$\Y]
Audit documentation: working papers zF/}s_><*
审计文件:工作底稿 EZ #UdK_
))c;DJc
The work of others &Pxt6M\d
其他机构的文件 4,9AoK)yp
)DMu`cD
Rely on the work of experts $oE 4q6b
依靠专家的工作 ~C5iyXR
W9 y8dw.
Rely on the work of internal audit L1BpkB
依靠内部审计工作 Lhl)p P17
5X&<+
{bX
3. Internal control *F:]mgg
内部控制 Wy#`*h,
6bnAVTL5
The evaluation of internal control systems d_J?i]AP|'
对内部控制系统的评估 j>&n5?
/og}e~q
Tests of control 9BI5qHEp
控制测试 !~UI~-i'
bI[!y#_z4
Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) *p?b "{_a
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) g|<)J-`Q
2BH>TmS
Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. q<>2}[W
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ~p;<H
X1<)B]y
5K'EuI)
4.Audit evidence zq!
2);,
审计证据 d!8q+FI
\!ESmxSa;
Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence }#!o^B8
获取足够、适当的审计证据 N(vbo
>&^w\"'
Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations '5ky<
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 yE9JMi0
?d+B]VYw
The audit of specific items d\;M F
审计的具体项目 3JW9G04.
*(?YgV
Receivables: confirmation k`g+
应收帐款:确认
p<