1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 :BD>yOlG @$c!/ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance N2Ssf$ 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 Mg\TH./Y: E30Z`$cz: Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors +>}o;`hPe 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 wDKELQ(yH Du!._ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion ?oKL&I@ 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 0>FE
% Mq'IkSt' Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior *HeVACxo 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 kP^*hO
!% o(fy d)t Engagement letter oM-[B h]A 约定书(委托书) m#n]Wgp' PGX+p+wB 2. Planning and risk assessment GY-M.|% 规划和风险评估 ;_tO+xL&
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HT General principles '9q6aM/& 一般原则 m UgRm] ZqK]jT6V/X Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism GV6mzD@< 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 m
=k%,J_ I%xn,u Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk a
R)?a;}H 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 *s\sa+2al 1JeJxzv
>C Risk-based approach Dl A Z"C 基于风险的办法 k?j Fh6% /s`;9)G]9 Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business O?E6xc<8 了解商业的实质和知识 VQ<5%+ }\Z5{OA Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud W4vBf^eC 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 aQ|hi F}
)eR$:uO Materiality (level), tolerable error )4uq
iA6 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 9L"?wv Pux)>q] C Analytical procedures c[5@\j
\ 分析程序 [H^ X"D g+|Bf&_ Planning an audit zs8I
规划审计工作 |!Ists !n
zGH*td Audit documentation: working papers 61:9(*4~!F 审计文件:工作底稿 hdj%|~Fj wPH+n-&e The work of others ?Ib} 其他机构的文件 3G
d|YRtk =v0~[E4 Rely on the work of experts e1^l.>2d6 依靠专家的工作 os**hFPk;1 B_&^ER5j Rely on the work of internal audit \ V?I+Gc 依靠内部审计工作 ? s4oDi|: *"T+G*~ 3. Internal control P`
]ps?l 内部控制 qTy v.#{y )7AM3%z1? The evaluation of internal control systems q+%!<]7X 对内部控制系统的评估 f{_)rsqf ~U%j{8uH Tests of control K~@`o-Z[ 控制测试 PbN3;c3 6t$N78U Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) ?*+1~m> 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) {(0Id ! )_Iz>)
Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. ]}~4J.Yn 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 "XB4yExy 3?^NN|xg AY;<q$8j%, 4.Audit evidence 3):?ZCw7y 审计证据 UN(3i(d 8!4[#y< Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence ay-9c2E 获取足够、适当的审计证据 yxY
h?ka Da CblX Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations ^'YHJEK 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 SwJHg
Z& R8ZD#,; The audit of specific items
%mL5+d-oP 审计的具体项目 eI?HwP{m ?FDJqJM Receivables: confirmation C*Xik9n 应收帐款:确认 X TM$a9) Z9f/-|r5 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties Y{j7Q4{ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认
!mae^A1 5\3 swP_7 Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation fFHK:n` 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 V8T#NJ Rv,Mu3\~#c Bank and cash: bank confirmation jm+blB^%K 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 bq: [Nj ph+M3q(z Auditing sampling /} a_8iM\ 审计抽样 0}D-KvjyP Wt"ww~h`( 5.Review
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E 复核 ajGcKyj8i nfa_8 Subsequent events 1y~L8!:L 随后发生的事件 X*)?LxTj 9u?Eb~#$ eX@v7i,} (HPz P*7S3Td Going concern |SxMN%M! 持续关注 F:S"gRKz e|JIrOnc Management representations m|lM.]2_ 与管理层的交涉沟通 {wHvE4F2 dK`(BA{`3 Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences l\_x(BH 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 8<Xq=*J+ }|SIHz!R f&f`J/( 6. Reporting NtqFnxm/ 报告 el}hcAY/RP 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com PP],HB+*[ Appendix :Jm!=U%'Z 附录 z+ uL "PG[ Audit procedure <o~t$TH 审计程序 K[e`t%2_