1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 )[np{eF.k
8_=MP[(H Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance H[ o > "@4 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 U.A:'9K, es!>u{8) Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors L )53
o! 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 EC`=nGF aESlbH Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion &G$K.q 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 `)TuZP_) {g7~e{2 Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior t$EL3U/( 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 r~YxtBZH+ X0 ^~`g Engagement letter H#:Aby-d} 约定书(委托书) yB5JvD ? Ux-i iH#s 2. Planning and risk assessment QruclNW{Bv 规划和风险评估 P<C=9@
`! 60--6n General principles .X\9vVJ 一般原则 A/TCJ#>l =
Q~@dP Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism F S!D 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 Y|nC_7&Bv 6mmc{kw' Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk W4p
4[&c| 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 V:
n\skM KXT9Wt= Risk-based approach MG:eI?G/' 基于风险的办法 |crm{]7X
i)q8p Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business N1yx|g: 了解商业的实质和知识 b_w(F_0 5kLz8n^z@@ Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud a)QSq<2* 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 2?nEHIUT trz&]v=: Materiality (level), tolerable error jK\AVjn 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 821;; ]H fk2p} Analytical procedures j@.^3: 分析程序 xQDWnpFc H(tT8Q5i Planning an audit jidRh}>a= 规划审计工作 ymb{rKkN3 S*V!t= Audit documentation: working papers a: 2ezxP 审计文件:工作底稿 4SJb\R)XK 4 u=v The work of others zuS4N?t`p 其他机构的文件 @tlWyUju & ^;3S*p Rely on the work of experts W!V-m 依靠专家的工作 gMs B1| s"~3.J Rely on the work of internal audit p&2oe\j$, 依靠内部审计工作 ~EM(*k._ heScIe
N^` 3. Internal control r2m&z%N& 内部控制 H,EGB8E2 IL{tm0$r The evaluation of internal control systems zs.@=Z" 对内部控制系统的评估 ;:
0<(!^* .u:aX$t+ Tests of control <UwYI_OX 控制测试 mo"1|Q& TTGWOC Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) Xi0fX$-, 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) kD}vK+ `(M0I!t Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. Y=D\ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 (_=R<: O!P7Wu *uoO#4g~ 4.Audit evidence Z8`Y}#Za [ 审计证据 `L%<3/hF $"ACg!=M Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence Id=V\'$o 获取足够、适当的审计证据 9V|)3GF %Ix2NdC Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations |t~*!0>3 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 \. a 7F4h r@EHn[w The audit of specific items C!U$<_I\2 审计的具体项目 6+4SMf3 3)y=}jw Receivables: confirmation m qwJya 应收帐款:确认 4UHviuOo8 .'NTy
R Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties e~geBlLar 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 #gVWLm< MlR]+] Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation J,J6bfR/ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 0i>p1/kv _&r19pY Bank and cash: bank confirmation $b)t`r+ 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 uU=!e&3 B!U;a=ia
Auditing sampling O8~RfB 审计抽样 mpQu:i|W R6TT1Ka3c 5.Review
W#2} EX 复核 10xza=
a Z!3R Subsequent events &Q*
7 随后发生的事件 @`ii3&W4 0lV;bVa% >+DMTV[O "]|7%] m\70&%v Going concern ]Ljb&*IEj 持续关注 hkdF MRg Ozg Management representations 2.vmZaKP 与管理层的交涉沟通 <s%Ft Yr>0Qg], Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences DF
UTQ:N 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 \01 kK) a_-@rceU 4o"?Q
V: 6. Reporting 7 IJn9 b 报告 _Tm]tlV 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com ;NE4G;px4< Appendix P- +]4\ 附录 5nTcd@lX Audit procedure } =Xlac_U 审计程序 {rK]Q! yj