1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 !=[Y yh ) c@gRb~ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance )jM%bUk,! 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 #AD_EN9 =*\s`ox` Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors eM7@!CdA9q 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 u?^V4 +V Z\!,f.>g Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion u$nzpw0=H
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 y=3 dGOFB PgBEe
@. Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior I7ao2aS 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 sy&[Q{,4 !cW rB9 Engagement letter y{<e4{
! 约定书(委托书) :'%6 &[E\2 E 2. Planning and risk assessment O
a[ 规划和风险评估 ",#.?vT` 9CDei~
General principles oi #B7 一般原则 "{0G,tdA Y{Z&W9U Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism 77RZ<u9/` 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 )GP;KUVae E|O&bUMh Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk {R1]tGOf 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 yV^Yp=f_ P\U<,f Risk-based approach 0seCQANd 基于风险的办法 >AJ/!{jD* q;{(o2g Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business !=9x= 了解商业的实质和知识 TvU
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RhC1# Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud {oQs*`=l> 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ?t/qaUXN !3b& S
4 Materiality (level), tolerable error ]ch=@IV 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 %4~"$kE AL]gK)R Analytical procedures JE.$]){ 分析程序 [$y(>]~. %YG?7PBB Planning an audit w2LnY1A 规划审计工作 ETDWG_H | H<Snp) Audit documentation: working papers j\}.GM'8 审计文件:工作底稿 dSDZMB sd HE}0_x. The work of others _){|/Zd 其他机构的文件 z"@^'{.l XYcZ;Z 9: Rely on the work of experts
}k-V( 依靠专家的工作 (HNc9QVC'W ~j!n`#.\ Rely on the work of internal audit - H?c4? 5 依靠内部审计工作 Ww<Y]H$xZ< ;*%rFt9FK 3. Internal control cy%M$O|hX5 内部控制 vC]X>P5 Px `d <`> The evaluation of internal control systems U9
iI2$ 对内部控制系统的评估 !Dd'*ee-;
,,H5zmgA Tests of control tU4#7b:Y 控制测试 !j!w$ u]ms~rO Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) geQ!}zXWi 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) %
.bDK} f&-`+V}U Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. #Xg;E3BM 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 }dc0ZRKgx I~7iIUD g->*@%?<w> 4.Audit evidence &xGdKH
审计证据 ()lgd7|+ OVLVsNg Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence TQR5V\{&% 获取足够、适当的审计证据 ~WA@YjQ] zs=3e~o3 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations %&L13: 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 .n\JY;" jKUEs75] The audit of specific items rWht},-|1 审计的具体项目 9#DXA} CW1l;uwtU Receivables: confirmation x`6MAZ 应收帐款:确认 0i~U(qoI L;V8c Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties n Bm ]? 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 '_v~+ &2ED<%hH` Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation .`D'eS6b 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 ,dRaV</2 p]aEC+q Bank and cash: bank confirmation w =GMQ8 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 7}iv+rQ _c-3eQ1 Auditing sampling
u`|%qRt 审计抽样 ` o)KG, H(y`[B,}* 5.Review
3?o4 复核 M 5#wz0 %a/3*vz/I% Subsequent events ysnW3q!@
随后发生的事件 +tPBm{| ~b_DFj 5FZw
(E Yjoe| JM7mQ'`Ud Going concern Lc
!2'Do; 持续关注 rC8p!e.yL ZvRa"j Management representations r;Sk[Y5# 与管理层的交涉沟通 sq$v6x sl xmg
3,bO Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences ,YD7p= PY 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 '| i?-(
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7)2K6<q Sa g)}6+ 6. Reporting s#?ZwD,= 报告 x2!R&q8U> 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com wR%Ta - Appendix um,f!ho-U 附录 4c5BlD Audit procedure G9:XEEN 审计程序 .`Rt