1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 -aIB_ vVH*\&H\T Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 0|~3\e/QV 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 Yu|L6#[E {y|j**NZ Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 3E;<aCG? 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 Ce_l\J8G p;LF-R Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion ;})so 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 A@n//AZM <nF1f(ky Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior 4z,n:>oH 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 nY
_+V{F rq^VOK|L Engagement letter JPkI+0 约定书(委托书) LS4E.Xdn u]Dds;~"b 2. Planning and risk assessment 3mXRLx=0> 规划和风险评估 4|KtsAVp{ Ufe@G\uyI General principles G4)X~.Fy 一般原则 o*s3"Ib f_ UwIP Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism 8#15*'
Y 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 /@]@Tz@' 0/zgjT|fe Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk $(;0;!t. 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 tCr?!Y~ Yx<wYzD Risk-based approach xMo'SpVz: 基于风险的办法 ;Y`k-R:E6A x%,!px3s Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business /` 4B-Y4M4 了解商业的实质和知识 SgY\h{{sP G0v<`/|>} Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud Eb9{ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 1#^r5E4 Z;J{&OJ3qM Materiality (level), tolerable error rfhvd wwD 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 Z+C&?K 3H@29TrJ+ Analytical procedures f}+8m .g2 分析程序 @8V~&yqq Dhp|%_> Planning an audit *\F,?yU 规划审计工作 X1Y+ao 1) hOIk6}r4X Audit documentation: working papers +U,>D+ 审计文件:工作底稿 IP l]$j>N I07_o"3>qr The work of others 'A9U[| 其他机构的文件 -gb'DN1BG '@eH)wh@m) Rely on the work of experts !gFUC<4bu 依靠专家的工作 =bB7$#al gD/% l[ Rely on the work of internal audit ]LZ,>v 依靠内部审计工作 2V =bE- [;hCwj# 3. Internal control y,=TB[d# 内部控制 +@5*_n\e` J
1{ucFa The evaluation of internal control systems {A MoE+U 对内部控制系统的评估 x>~.cey %&b70]S( Tests of control Com`4>0>I 控制测试 Shb"Jc_i {]dH+J7 Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) ]*JH~.p 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) HVK./yqy "N*i!h Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 9!|+GIjn 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ,7|Wf
%X Z7Xic5PI{4 OFcqouGE 4.Audit evidence _=R
K 审计证据 +2S#3m?1 Gmp`3 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence &%`Y>\@f 获取足够、适当的审计证据 !`EhVV8u-_ Z@bGLS Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations Jsp>v'Qvq 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 (YH/#n1"{ [p[C45d=< The audit of specific items cWNWgdk,`V 审计的具体项目 ;f)o_:(JJ , 1`-u$ Receivables: confirmation uw`fC%-xh 应收帐款:确认 [W2GLd] O)Mf/P' Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties qmM%MPv 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 J}J7A5P 1I -LGe[Q Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation WYNO6Xb#
: 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 nH% 1lD?: J=C63YB Bank and cash: bank confirmation
KL\]1YX 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 "ZLujpZcG d T*8I0\+ Auditing sampling bD;c>5t
审计抽样 %1jApCJ U?d4 ^ 5.Review
<UMT:`h1MZ 复核 jJDYl( [ eq#x~O4 Subsequent events ~ok i s 随后发生的事件 {IpIQ-@l t=Um@;wh 'fkaeFzOl K0Z
q)< 5zBayJh# Going concern 3JR1If 持续关注
Nu%:7 ST[+k Management representations J\ V.J/ 与管理层的交涉沟通 `DPR >dd@ J$Qm:DC5 Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences /K@{(=n 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 xFY<
ns `bF]O" QP?Deltp 6. Reporting j |tu|Q 报告 "Nn+Zw43 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com e;/C}sK: Appendix qm&Z_6Pw 附录 "=B
O,see9 Audit procedure J|BZ{T}d 审计程序 pt!Q%rXm