1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 *nB-]
w/ !.{"Ttn;s Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance _'Rg7zHTp- 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 !@>q^_Gez J\hqK*/8 Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ?{%"v\w 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 7U:{=+oLR *^:s!F Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion \$!D^%~; 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 G^:?)WRG xy-Vw"I[bh Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior nd"$gi 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 ]fSpG\yU ?Kg_bvoR Engagement letter )JhB!P( 约定书(委托书) Y
B.@zL0.( K"zRj L+ 2. Planning and risk assessment U+[h^M$U 规划和风险评估 N%9?8X[5 ul]hvK{2 General principles =R)w=ce 一般原则 EY0,Q { e?pQuF~ Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism P1R[M|Fx 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ^ywDa^;- 6?a z Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk eQ*zi9na 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 rDGrq9 o.V
JnrJ Risk-based approach rONz*ly|i 基于风险的办法 N*+WGsxl$z @|{8/sOq Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business _jH./ @G 了解商业的实质和知识 Y$9x!kV Awr(}){ Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud !x!1H5" 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 WWC&-Ni 39I|.B" Materiality (level), tolerable error ={51fr/C% 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 O:ACp<@ d[Zx [=h Analytical procedures Gl"hn 分析程序 ]x(6^:D5 smn~p/u Planning an audit 6n~)
R 规划审计工作 N`4XlD ,L4zhhl!_ Audit documentation: working papers Yj'"
Wg 审计文件:工作底稿 wd3OuDrU n5)ml)m The work of others D&i,`j 其他机构的文件 {,1>( }R%*J Rely on the work of experts Z!*6;[]SfG 依靠专家的工作 Wf-XH|j[ <"}t\pT] Rely on the work of internal audit Uy*d@vU9c 依靠内部审计工作 I8c:U2D ]z#)XW3#i 3. Internal control )l/
.<`| 内部控制 \<dg w#ZzmO The evaluation of internal control systems 7SNdC8GZ~ 对内部控制系统的评估 h<bhH=6
~ IZiS3 Tests of control Vbe@S?u- 控制测试 {:3:GdM6 i7cUp3 Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) W*DKpJy 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) jatlv/, Vw.)T/B_D Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. KN"u PW 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 6b$C/ 2 |JEGyDS- dQ_4aO 4.Audit evidence a)c;z@r 审计证据 !0P:G#o-$ UFu0{rY_ Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence q2'}S
A/ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 o|q5eUh=EY (:O6sTx-hE Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations X6_
RlV]Sk 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 }fv7WhQ ~j(vGO3JB The audit of specific items LI&E.(: 审计的具体项目 }0Uh<v@ t_*x.{x- Receivables: confirmation e6mm;@F> 应收帐款:确认 G
9(*F Km!ACA&s6 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties 5k9
vYW5k 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 >d &0a: *uf)t,% Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation :zq Un&k& 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 S'W,AkT ^suQ7#g Bank and cash: bank confirmation hdcB*j?4 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 -Eig#]Se3 UNwjx7usD Auditing sampling =S\^j" 审计抽样 7R
m\# ;|Hpg_~%> 5.Review
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5yD5 复核 IVZUB*wv)b <8Tp]1z Subsequent events CTKw2`5u 随后发生的事件 - 0q263z nTGZ2C)c<' .-![ ra %&VI-7+K upk+L^ Going concern Z2`M8xEiH 持续关注 =nc;~u|] X%znNx Management representations s! 与管理层的交涉沟通 lMh>eX iGz*4^% Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences OFmHj]I7= 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 vnVT0)Lel 7&wxnxSk^ q5hE S 6. Reporting ,!alNNY 报告 3 yb]d5:U 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com B8"c+<
b Appendix [7HBn 附录 &Wb"/Hn2 Audit procedure P(2OTfGGx 审计程序 RPf <-J:t