1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 '`p0T%w H{;8i7% Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance -A Nq!$E 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 /zV0kW>N wSs78c= Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 2K'}Vm+ 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 P
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O1C 7M9s}b%? Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion Vs[!WJ
7 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 K9Pw10g' g/,O51f' Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior g? \pH:|79 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 F^');8~L to 3i!b Engagement letter
E9[8th,t 约定书(委托书) F~O!J@4] KL*UU
,qU 2. Planning and risk assessment wmPpE_{ 规划和风险评估 ^F1zkIE YCQ+9 General principles k<S!| 一般原则 Va'K~$d_ VAR/" Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism %n#^#: 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 6_a.`ehtj< +<I1@C Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk Py,@or7n 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 G,i%:my7 ,K[B/tD{j Risk-based approach BF6H_g 基于风险的办法 FJ&zU<E ]#
T9v06w Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business #$%gs] 了解商业的实质和知识 -.WVuc` -/&6}lD Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud 63-
YWhs; 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ,@ Cru= -nT+!3A8 Materiality (level), tolerable error 2jx+q
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 o[ %Q&u M>k7
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G Analytical procedures Z_Ma|V?6 分析程序 {1YT a:evl Ic&t_B*i}] Planning an audit `ionMTZY 规划审计工作 4%j&]PASa1 :<IW' Audit documentation: working papers $Y0bjS2J 审计文件:工作底稿 A1f]HT AjANuyUaP The work of others zFuUv_t 其他机构的文件 LDvF)Eg o-Idr{ Rely on the work of experts qkUr5^1 依靠专家的工作 aLXA9? MgMLfgt"V Rely on the work of internal audit {Q(6
.0R 依靠内部审计工作 n7q-)Dv_U PvT8XSlTx! 3. Internal control n8G#TQrAE 内部控制 N<> dg t1Khf The evaluation of internal control systems
v|,H d 对内部控制系统的评估 [Iihk5TT
lE|T'?/ Tests of control D#t5*bwK 控制测试 A#
M g&E_|}u4 Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) AYZds >#Q 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 0RSa{iS*A r&3fSx9 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. QT&{M
#Ydn 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ia_8$>xW+ My`%gP~%g NJtB ; 4.Audit evidence T&2
3Pf 1 审计证据 Y)
t}%62 L2h+[f Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence _5LlL#) 获取足够、适当的审计证据 5~"=Fm<uD #dfW1@m Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 0?h .X=G 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 V7@xr
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t-0k The audit of specific items 5#F+-9r 审计的具体项目 4QVd{ /&dt!.WY^ Receivables: confirmation n|*V
8VaL 应收帐款:确认 fIcv}
Y j&mL]'Zy Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties =%
JDo 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 :ZIcWIV- (os7Q? Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation XN0Y#l 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 dCK-"#T! X>6a@$Mx P Bank and cash: bank confirmation XHg%X 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 qpeK><o -ur]k]R Auditing sampling D?'y)]( 审计抽样 z,7^dlT %dU}GYL_ 5.Review
4dK@UN\ 复核 6J*`<k/S >?'FH +2K Subsequent events Z%R%D*f@y 随后发生的事件 Z9D4;1 W<L6, yi?&^nX@9, ZkJM?Fzq ("oA{:@d Going concern Nw2 bn 持续关注 zef,*dQY KV*:,> Management representations aVYUk7_ < 与管理层的交涉沟通 <X
|h* 3$cF)5V f Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences a=FRJQ8S 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 h<.[U
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+^E> 6. Reporting J4g;~#_19 报告 dmy-}.pqN 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com TH!8G,(w Appendix g4X,*H 附录 >nDnb4 'C Audit procedure t>2^!vl 审计程序 RX1{?*r]Z