1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 'nM4t
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance /W*Z.
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 ORF:~5[YS`
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors (p12
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审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 c'3N;sZ*B
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion "@hd\w{.
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 Q~0>GOq*
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior d8agM/F*/
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 &wY$G! P
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Engagement letter -@_v@]:
约定书(委托书) !Tv3W Q@
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2. Planning and risk assessment (57!{
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规划和风险评估 b FajK;
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General principles a,S;JF)v
一般原则 N%Ta.`r
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism %aw.o*@:
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 4P1}XYD-2
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 0mUVa=)D
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 QM3DB
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Risk-based approach I_z(ft.
基于风险的办法 3BCD0
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business E}S%yD[
了解商业的实质和知识 hPNMp@Nm6
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud EV{Ys}3M
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 e*lL.
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Materiality (level), tolerable error egG<"e*W}N
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 aif;h!
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Analytical procedures 7LrmI~P
分析程序 kO3\v)B;
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Planning an audit
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规划审计工作 =
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Audit documentation: working papers 1
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审计文件:工作底稿 /o m++DxV
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The work of others f!
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其他机构的文件 9)'f)60^
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Rely on the work of experts )'U0n`=
依靠专家的工作 X@DW1<wEt
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Rely on the work of internal audit 3*=0`}jMJ
依靠内部审计工作 rjK`t_(=
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3. Internal control :+PE1=v
内部控制 + tMf&BZ
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The evaluation of internal control systems kzRJzJq uP
对内部控制系统的评估 \|S!g
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Tests of control =
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控制测试 R03 Te gwA
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) =otO@22Np
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) (\{k-2t*^
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc.
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交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 \CMZ_%~wU
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4.Audit evidence c lB K
审计证据 $QC1l@[sM
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence ?@.v*'qR
获取足够、适当的审计证据 8#7qH
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations fu^W# "{
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 K"0IW A
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The audit of specific items m [B#k$
审计的具体项目 wu)+n\mt'
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Receivables: confirmation /D&&7;jJ
应收帐款:确认 'k X8}bx
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties \#_ymM0
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 ?q:|vt
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation "=djo+y
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 p%3z*2,(
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation aj1]ZT\
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 |vI`u[P
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Auditing sampling Tnp
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审计抽样 Qn!mS[l
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5.Review K*>%,mP$i
复核 UZyg_G6
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Subsequent events <