1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 pRe, B'& i% 19|an Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance <GC<uB |p 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 PLf tz\7,yGT Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors h4N!zj[ 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 uF_gfjR[m )F4H' Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion x a#0y 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 y
Dg fz#e4+oH Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior ,7,x9qE" 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 iK8aj)%Q@ _doX&*9u Engagement letter >MZWm6M8 约定书(委托书) 4vKp341B 6*9hAnH 2. Planning and risk assessment *jM~VTXwt 规划和风险评估 KoVy,@ Cg<:C?>!p General principles Cy-q9uTm 一般原则 nQ2V -L>xVF-|:1 Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism 12BTZ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 j3jf:7 /\ fYU/Jn# Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk y33+^ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 U?97yc\$ >U.TkB Risk-based approach NKf][!bi 基于风险的办法 Fw? ;Y% :fz&)e9 Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business ykcW>h 了解商业的实质和知识 rlTCVmE
8[ tn!z^W Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ( P|Ph 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 rM<|<6(L ovJ#2_ Materiality (level), tolerable error ZRN*. 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 !N:!
x[5 yk OJhd3 Analytical procedures fQ c%
a1' 分析程序 4UD<
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2H>B} Planning an audit 2 Pn 规划审计工作 , tJ%t# mpfc2>6Il. Audit documentation: working papers ?Iy$'am]L 审计文件:工作底稿 PhL }V|W> !dQG 5v The work of others ov&4&v 其他机构的文件 6p`AdDV 6'
}oo'#~ Rely on the work of experts Z]f_?@0 依靠专家的工作 G;:n*_QXE 5VIc Rely on the work of internal audit &
1)4B 依靠内部审计工作 a_Y*pOu =>nrU8x 3. Internal control \|9@*]6: 内部控制 6vp\~J eaLSq The evaluation of internal control systems JW[y 对内部控制系统的评估 <>JN3? [r,a0s Tests of control 8OE=7PK 控制测试 iIWz\FM 5u
+U^D Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) Pf&\2_H3s9 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) |"h# Q[3 w@w(AFV9/ Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. xG:eS:iT 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 PqV9k,5f kDJ$kv 9}p>=' 4.Audit evidence n,D~ whZx 审计证据 ?blF6Kl$ I\djZG$s;N Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence IB9[Lx 获取足够、适当的审计证据 G"w
?{W@ +oa\'.~? Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations u!I Es 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 4CA(` _i~ M#o.$+Uh The audit of specific items q =sEtH=
审计的具体项目 cQ(zBf S o>P)d$8+ Receivables: confirmation >iD&n4TK 应收帐款:确认 7<{g
+Q~7* m(MPVY<X Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties <vxj*M; 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 NIZN}DnP "f^s*I Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation Q72}V9I9 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 o5=1 E"d\N-I Bank and cash: bank confirmation B#RBR<MFC 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 }diB 0>@D{_}s Auditing sampling
g/Q"%GN, 审计抽样 :`('lrq g<C_3a
p/ 5.Review
ZH'- >/ 复核 9G njJ I5EKS0MQ! Subsequent events ~*:{U 随后发生的事件 {OFbU mZGAl1`8 P<<?7_ ?? /.PjHTM< .|>zQ(7YC Going concern @J J,$? 持续关注 Axb,{X[6g 6z;C~_BV Management representations I+nKaN+8i
与管理层的交涉沟通 <}e2\x )qXl8H I Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences
hf5yTs 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 `qP <S
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PIu X|o;*J]( 6. Reporting 5:3%RTLG 报告 -+1_ 1! 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com 5/U|oZM" Appendix E?$|`<o{|` 附录 p)_v.D3i Audit procedure Fh2$,$
2 审计程序 k^A17Nf`2