1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 gm DC,"Y< O^#u%/ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance @jHio\/_ 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证
@-}]~|< =S,<yQJ Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors U4gwxK 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 A3_9MO
bRp[N Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 2e"}5b5 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 W=?87PkJu w.
f[) Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior '_)tR;s 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 `vw.~OBl ,)1e+EnV& Engagement letter fsd>4t:"\ 约定书(委托书) sXxO{aeev vvxj{fxb) 2. Planning and risk assessment =&b[V" 规划和风险评估 @ni~ij S41>VbtEp General principles 1tdCzbEn+ 一般原则 k6BgY|0g C Hw{Y.@)4R Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism D,a%Je-r, 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ^~l<N@ =6&D4~R Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk S)yV51^B 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 Z"Oa5V6[A U@nwSfp:G Risk-based approach "[yiNJ"kt 基于风险的办法 T*yveo&j #9OP.4 Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 'Aj>+H<B 了解商业的实质和知识 WKsx|a]U m{c#cR Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud _+iz?|U 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 7`HU
wu sdQv:nd'R Materiality (level), tolerable error
+`-a*U94 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ~py0Vx,F ?`
i/ Analytical procedures J-F_XKqH 分析程序 ;0}2@Q2@ZK +_P
2S Planning an audit Bw.&3efd 规划审计工作 J_|x^ A#&qoZ(C Audit documentation: working papers D|9fHMg% 审计文件:工作底稿 y>|XpImZ &tCtCk%{j The work of others x35s6 其他机构的文件 u^%')Ncp <|3v@ Rely on the work of experts \[1CDz=}1 依靠专家的工作 *J5RueUG p]Zabky Rely on the work of internal audit pIiED9 依靠内部审计工作 N'P,QiR,z< y51D-vj 3. Internal control
}TJ|d= 内部控制 Ba|}C(Ws? vqMk)htIz The evaluation of internal control systems 92VX5?Cyg 对内部控制系统的评估 =@=R)C4f* q-
(NZno Tests of control Z[u,1l.T 控制测试 z.&%>%TPP ?3,tG z) Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) lFGxW 5 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) v9lBk]c pm@Z
[g Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. /(ju 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 EZQ+HECpK (!5}" fj % W',c u 4.Audit evidence Gj8[*3d 审计证据 9w;J7jgOT! nvo1+W(% Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence IPi<sE 获取足够、适当的审计证据 _ZM9
"<M-X ANQa2swM Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations np\2sa` 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 =z1o}ga=EA qbq<O %g= The audit of specific items a&
aPBv1 审计的具体项目 ?J@qg20z ec4%Wk2 Receivables: confirmation &9w%n 应收帐款:确认 L_1_y, 0N dIa(</ } Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties vs)I pV( 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 = #2qX>? 9'#.>Q>0=j Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation ZHD0u)ri=J 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 D4O5@KfL w[7.@ %^[ Bank and cash: bank confirmation <C"N
X 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 6(^Upk=59 >l< ~Z; Auditing sampling PT@e),{~o9 审计抽样 vs])%l%t :Mu8W_ 5.Review
4:e q{n 复核 G q:4rG| D7WI(j\ Subsequent events 1;:t~Y 随后发生的事件 N!Wq}#&l e(=~K@m ^Ii \vk vgA!?P3 'Rkvsch Going concern i=X* 持续关注 ~? FrI fJ&<iD)6 Management representations R(?<97 与管理层的交涉沟通 O})u' RnA&-\|* Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences O
T}Yr9h4 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 c."bTq4tJ MpIw^a3(r q"LJwV}W 6. Reporting Q_]!an( 报告 Ih-3t*L 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com }]g95xT Appendix L>~@
9a\jO 附录 Fi?Q
4b Audit procedure `mKlv~$1^ 审计程序 mzV"G>,o