1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 Od4E x;F d)4
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance Y2o?gug 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 ( +pLA"xq ~T&<CTh Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors F
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审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 7(5xL T$ 6KpHnSW Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion MjlP+; ! 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 8V^oP]Y &e6CJ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior V-<GT? 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 T}V!`0vKw 5?
hw ! Engagement letter 3)\8%Ox 约定书(委托书) At7>V-f} Fa'k0/_j 2. Planning and risk assessment ]gYz
4OT 规划和风险评估 8!Vl
.pvi!NnL- General principles &boOtl^
一般原则 _?OW0x4 0 stc9_O Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism ='`/BY(m[ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 nqInb:
uV!^,,~ Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk dZi"$ g 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 yzqVz_Fi*W O3I8k\
` Risk-based approach UrqRx?# 基于风险的办法 >}+/{(K"E| I'V4D[H5 Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business "jG}B.l=, 了解商业的实质和知识 bbrXgQ`s+w 0q&<bV:D Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud b )B?
F 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 o4|M0 G1 vNt7 Materiality (level), tolerable error {phNd
s% 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 1v71rf&w 8C*c{(4 Analytical procedures 5H*\t 7 分析程序 _lamn}(x0 xai*CY@cQ Planning an audit a(l29> 规划审计工作 Vh_P/C+ < 1uZa Audit documentation: working papers r"P|dlV- 审计文件:工作底稿 gIjh:_ Pz u6AA4( The work of others Mu+0<> 其他机构的文件 tfj:@Z5&$C L7dd(^ Rely on the work of experts 0cj>mj1M 依靠专家的工作 A"L&a
l$i "N`[r iq{ Rely on the work of internal audit MF5[lK9e 依靠内部审计工作 f|\onHI)> f&Gt| 3. Internal control 3kybLOG 内部控制 P)P*Xqr#: &litXIvT> The evaluation of internal control systems U~:-roQ(\ 对内部控制系统的评估 8X[:j&@ 1`=nWy=' Tests of control =vX/{C 控制测试 ~"nxE 4y|BOVl Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 8
WXQOo8 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) :tV*7S=) .(K)?r-g5 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. OCe!.` 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 2LF/H$]o5 l3)}qu VK m&iidU 4.Audit evidence s~^5kgPA 审计证据 +S o4rA*9 R!}H;[c Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence *\
R ]NV 获取足够、适当的审计证据 y
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;Au<| Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations eA2@Nkw~) 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 $a.JSXyxL ~%<X0s| The audit of specific items 8\+uec]k 审计的具体项目
C5o#i*| ekWD5,G Receivables: confirmation 0X6YdW _2X 应收帐款:确认 V%rzk*LA ag [ZW Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties
akp-zn&je 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 o#3ly-ht ]_f_w9] Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 0"<H;7K#W 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 p`olCp' P3x8UR=fS Bank and cash: bank confirmation 5_GYrR2 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 f%][}NN)Xr J,'M4O\S Auditing sampling mE+*)gb:Rd 审计抽样 em%4Ap XO.jl" xu 5.Review
9+Np4i@ 复核 |jGf<Bf5 -_=nDH Subsequent events R0KPZv- 随后发生的事件 UXJeAE- jys :5P {'7B6 u-QB.iQ+s 8V'~UzK Going concern 8'HEms 持续关注 BX`{73sw Ri<u/ ]oR" Management representations I fK,b*% 与管理层的交涉沟通 *7uH-u"5d rD*jp6Cl Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences Ytn9B}%o 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 >^u2cAi3[ `KZm0d{H l{*@v=b( 6. Reporting g|o,uD 报告 yb<fpM 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com
Vr3Zu{&2 Appendix p*XANGA 附录 (p" %O Audit procedure \"7*{L: 审计程序 =Qy<GeY