1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 qRJg/~_h{ Ig'Y]%Z0 Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance Y)N(uv6 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 ;8JJ#ED ndOPD]A' Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors />Wh 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 HyiuU` Y6`9:97 Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion G#HbiVH9 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 C(3yJzg>y ZF51|b Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior
\u2K?wC 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 3Ym5SrKK E(4ti]'4 Engagement letter Fh?;,Z 约定书(委托书) //JF$o=)
D %+w>`k3(N 2. Planning and risk assessment }yLdU|'W 规划和风险评估 Umm_FEU#] Q0gO1T General principles tRS^|?? 一般原则 N(dn"`8 C N"Vw Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism Fw+JhIVP 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 n #p6i A%"XN k Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk !Wvzum@5D 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ,4NvD2Y :
GIY"l' Risk-based approach MEI]N0L3 基于风险的办法 l'&l!D& Z"lL=0rY/ Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business l'W?X ' 了解商业的实质和知识 vPi\ vU{ GLwL'C'591 Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud |^S[Gr w 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Q~,E
K tW|B\p} Materiality (level), tolerable error 'M_8U0k 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 DA]!ndJD 69cOdIt^D Analytical procedures .#zx[Io 分析程序 R=i$*6}a YJuaQxs Planning an audit u,PrEmy- 规划审计工作 6aM
`qz) 1;fs`k0p Audit documentation: working papers C0 .Xp 审计文件:工作底稿 q
.tVNKy% r;y&Wa The work of others KAgiY4 其他机构的文件 izY,t! CLQ \Is^] Rely on the work of experts ,T|iA/c 依靠专家的工作 F
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J(+ kC01s Rely on the work of internal audit *7ap[YXZ\w 依靠内部审计工作 GE Xz)4[ L^RyJ;^c 3. Internal control PX?tD:,[- 内部控制 F
Dbx"%A E"#<I*b The evaluation of internal control systems 6:v8J1G(< 对内部控制系统的评估 0w< iz;30 p J+>qy5 Tests of control t82Bp[t 控制测试 2YuaPq/ ;r49H<z Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) eP&K]# 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) bp_3ETK]P /iy2j8:z Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. ClaYy58v 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 "y
"C#:5 66:|) _=UXNr8S 4.Audit evidence d^ipf*aLC 审计证据 49/1#^T"Q> |g8
]WFc Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence [DGq{(O 获取足够、适当的审计证据 g|)e3q{M -<ZzYQk^h Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations wLkHU"'
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 rvw1'y
-/#3U{O The audit of specific items +(PtOo. 审计的具体项目 CrS[FM= +W lDMYDy{< Receivables: confirmation /RX7AXXB 应收帐款:确认 @{+*ea7M(` IdzF<>;W Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties _32ltnBX 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 dH?pQ
5:iril Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation eC[g"Ef 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 uKpl+> Qksw+ZjY#{ Bank and cash: bank confirmation jG)>{D 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 u:g(x+u4: tE>3.0U0Q Auditing sampling kwWO1=ikz@ 审计抽样
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s j!'B 5.Review
BOt\"N 复核 `q$DNOrS (c(?s`; Subsequent events ^,U&v; 随后发生的事件 b<=K@I.= o<V-gS `f6Qd2\ eRVu/TY
J3$`bK6F6 Going concern >4h4t/G 持续关注 Qf=%%5+?8 Ls|;gewp Management representations 2GZUMXK 与管理层的交涉沟通 N|[a<ut< ;`F0
%0d Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences r9b`3yr= 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 I, ^QYI`u` 4 M~"]h:m&'v 6. Reporting K
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} Appendix ghms-.:b8 附录 &q