1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 0
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance /I@`B2
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 O|e/(s?$
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors q6T>y%|FZ
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 @~j--L
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion FNHJHuTe
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 nK>D& S_!
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior dMDSyd<(
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 FV>xAU$
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Engagement letter |n~Vpy
约定书(委托书) ;yDXo\g
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2. Planning and risk assessment e)Pm{:E
规划和风险评估 +]S!pyZ"
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General principles yiAusl;
一般原则 &aWY{ ?_
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism v>'mW
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 1g1gu=|Q
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk F9 4Qb}
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 3=Va0}#&
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Risk-based approach .9u,54t
基于风险的办法
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business X0zE-h6P
了解商业的实质和知识 ~\~XD+jy"
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud //H3{^{
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 DOGg=`XK1
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Materiality (level), tolerable error 2z=GKV
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ||vQW\g
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Analytical procedures ;3k6_ub
分析程序 p!w}hB598
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Planning an audit d8T,33>T
规划审计工作 ?FRQ!R
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Audit documentation: working papers tf@x}
审计文件:工作底稿 gHzjI[WI
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The work of others mca9 +v
其他机构的文件 #pz{,
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Rely on the work of experts .1C|J
依靠专家的工作 k&>l#oH
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Rely on the work of internal audit R(sa.Q
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依靠内部审计工作 /+F|+1
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3. Internal control xuDn:
内部控制 hrr ;=q$
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The evaluation of internal control systems Ev\kq>2O
对内部控制系统的评估 L5*,l`lET
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Tests of control ^2PQ75V@.
控制测试 T\h_8
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) CQcb !T
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度)
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. OWK)4[HY(
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 $PQlaivA
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4.Audit evidence f-tV8
审计证据 zA/W+j$:
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence C9}2F{8
获取足够、适当的审计证据 (A*r&Ak[
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations \g}FoN&