1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 F)Oe;z6 P1tc*2Z Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance FH:^<^M 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 E%@,n9T~" #usi1UWB#Q Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors FW~%xUSE5 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 -LI^(_ E&ou(Q={ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion sOQF_X(.x 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见
K: hZ yxP(| Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior do@`(f3g 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 -T3 z@k \ <b-I Engagement letter 2Hl0besm 约定书(委托书) 1W*%}!&Gm <mN.6@*{ 2. Planning and risk assessment WsO'4~X9 规划和风险评估 M*li; O7 5^(keW General principles wq+% O, 一般原则 >1u!(-A sx7;G^93 Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism H <7r 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 =pSuyM' r1dP9MT\8 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk H&Jp,<\x 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 %zDh07VT\ V/xGk9L~ Risk-based approach &ig6\&1 基于风险的办法 H?A&P4nZ c%,@O&o Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business m?wPZ^u 了解商业的实质和知识 cXP*?N4Cf [l"|x75- Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud 2UqLV^ZY 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 36MqEUjyB )lB 3U Materiality (level), tolerable error ,c }R*\ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 O)v?GQRj -CePtq` Analytical procedures qI (<5Wxl 分析程序 W\f u0^ y*ux7KO Planning an audit 6jS:_[p 规划审计工作 e\o>(is 4I&e_b< 30 Audit documentation: working papers _OR@S%$ 审计文件:工作底稿 pYXusS7S }C6RgE.6< The work of others ).IB{+
其他机构的文件 vq(ElXTO 0_\@!#-sml Rely on the work of experts )P>-~G2P 依靠专家的工作 YS$42J_T 2GRL`.1 Rely on the work of internal audit d#l z^Ls2 依靠内部审计工作 8nKZ 9U
bD=}W 3. Internal control uKOsYN%D 内部控制 6d%V=1^F _6O\*|'6 The evaluation of internal control systems 4o|-v 对内部控制系统的评估 |/!3 N v2ab Tests of control V@%:y tDf 控制测试 n*yVfI e
#{,M8 Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) >s*ZT%TF 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) yxz)32B?
M9*#8> Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. (j>a?dKDS 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 a8Va3Y jPu m2U_ #Cy9E"lP 4.Audit evidence Uxll<z, 审计证据 VgBZ@*z(x ] x12_+ Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence ;&K
+x@ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 Y:;]qoF C~o\Q#*j Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 16pk4f8 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 (-e*xM m )c; YR}tC The audit of specific items =uG}pgh0 审计的具体项目 #gQaNc? _zuX6DO Receivables: confirmation R}T8cVxc 应收帐款:确认 Y<vHL<G k/lU]~PE Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties 8?
U!PW 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 m
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G 'c6t,% Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation C]- !uLy 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 ]i)g!J8f- igGg[I1? Bank and cash: bank confirmation q$ZmR]p 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 /[<1D|f% }HLs.k4-; Auditing sampling $F#eD0| 审计抽样
QGq8r> p#QR^|7" 5.Review
O3*}L2j@ 复核 !XtZI3Xu WR<,[*Mv^ Subsequent events ^J]_O_ee$ 随后发生的事件 O_S%PX !:^?GN #~x x 8_nLZ +m>)q4e s^vw]D Going concern mD"[z}r) 持续关注 >@ : m#d ]iq2_{q Management representations ~'.SmXZs 与管理层的交涉沟通 pl4:>4l/ L\%zNPLS Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences P/ XO5` 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 ?cvV~&$gc 3ss0/\3P Acl?w }Y 6. Reporting x)0''}E~ 报告 o"19{D^. 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com `P43O gA Appendix wV{jJyRl 附录 . l>. Audit procedure
Pxy+W*t 审计程序 cAQ_/>