1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 <|}Z6Ti WzN c=@[W Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 9{jMO 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 {fR\yWkt? &-yRa45? Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 6DHK&<=D8 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 )=[\Yf K ltNCti{Q Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion JX=rL6Y@:; 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 1_]X 89FAh6u E Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior d&FXndC4F 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 ]!B0
= XP MeEa| . Engagement letter i<^X z 约定书(委托书) u?Ffqt9' |IcW7( 2. Planning and risk assessment :2?g_ 规划和风险评估 -qIi.]/f"9 JY,$B-
l General principles ,TQec:B 一般原则 lvke!~# fs'SCwx Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism ;
j!dbT~5 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 f8:nKb>nq$ e"S?qpJK Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ZbYC3_7w 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 MYS`@%ZV#k 90Ki.K 0 Risk-based approach Fc5.?X- 基于风险的办法 fvC,P#z'| N#T'}>t y Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business BIWe Hx 了解商业的实质和知识 yJ $6vmQ 9&Jf4lC94 Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ks#3
o+ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 |(>`qL{| Dp([r Materiality (level), tolerable error GmH DG- 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 =NF0E8O BDI|z/~& Analytical procedures /+Z*)q+SbT 分析程序 V"YeF:I PILpWhjL$9 Planning an audit :V'99Esv` 规划审计工作 "2cOS PpQL d?fS#Ryb
Audit documentation: working papers }=-0DSLVj 审计文件:工作底稿 o}rG:rhIh 2RkW/)A9 The work of others &i5@4,p y9 其他机构的文件 e|]e\Or> e(0OZ_ w Rely on the work of experts 5#DMizv6 依靠专家的工作 eYUb>M) r2=@1=?8 Rely on the work of internal audit Nz
dN4+ 依靠内部审计工作 Np" p*O ! ?g+'
OM 3. Internal control |7|S>h^ 内部控制 dQ`Tt- n <V&0
GAZ The evaluation of internal control systems AP&//b,^M 对内部控制系统的评估 =1IK"BA2? ok:uTeJI Tests of control "-Q+!byh 控制测试 UGcmzwE b84l`J Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) n28JWkK8 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) Q~N,QMr)k& jWrU'X Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. NM3;l}Y8 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 r:H]`Uo'r =-U0r$sK+F 'UlVc2%{ 4.Audit evidence
enQ*uMKd^ 审计证据 "_WN[jm J2z/XHS Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence q'mh*
获取足够、适当的审计证据 6
5govor 'PF>#X'' Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations d(q1?{zr4 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 g|~px$<iY vIV|y>;g The audit of specific items \L Q+
n+ 审计的具体项目 p<fCGU w!f2~j~ Receivables: confirmation c1f"z1Z 应收帐款:确认 ;(i6 X) tV)CDA&Z Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties I6.rN\%b 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 N>I6f Btm,'kBG Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation Y1PR?c
Q 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 AB3_|Tza~& Z[?n{vD7 Bank and cash: bank confirmation
yv,FzF}7 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 !ho^:}m s)-oCT$[ Auditing sampling a4*v'Xc5
审计抽样 &S >{9y% h:4(Gm; 5.Review
5Tl5T& 复核 ^j}C]cq{Xg 6W
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n!4 Subsequent events xi (@\A 随后发生的事件 <i~xJi%1# NUsxMhP 8C3k:
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"S Going concern :>&q?xvA 持续关注 tq
L(H25z u&zY>'}zm Management representations alb3oipOB 与管理层的交涉沟通 MLDzWZ~}ef 5Kzt8Tv[ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 5H3o?x 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 65LtCQ} Ks.b).fH Y|tHU'x 6. Reporting p4VARAqi 报告 Wdd}y`lS 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com f{9+,z Appendix ^to*ET{0 附录 o5Oig Audit procedure +<bj}" 审计程序 )qxt<