1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 H[N~)3x
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance ^_/gM[H.
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 QB*n
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ([]\7}+8
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 40$9./fe)
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion syk,e4:oA
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 +1Pu29B0
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior tD])&0"(
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 CJ [e^K{
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Engagement letter M1I4Ot
约定书(委托书) ~>$z1o&}.
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2. Planning and risk assessment /UtSZ(
规划和风险评估 n +dRAIqB
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General principles iO
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一般原则 <Ys7`e6eY
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism XlJ+:st
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 2>.>q9J(
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk c3Zwp%
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 Y{L|ja%9?
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Risk-based approach q,]57s
基于风险的办法 fa,;Sw
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business >Vb V<ak
了解商业的实质和知识 !%QbE[Kl>
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud EI@ep~
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ^@]yiED{g
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Materiality (level), tolerable error uR82},r$m
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 g$mqAz<
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Analytical procedures J=ot&%
分析程序 3,Bm"'b6
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Planning an audit s_76)7
规划审计工作
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Audit documentation: working papers [bd?$qi
审计文件:工作底稿 *'R2Lo<C
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The work of others a!:R_P}
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其他机构的文件 CxVrnb[`q
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Rely on the work of experts DkBVk+
依靠专家的工作 }j,G)\g#
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Rely on the work of internal audit OoR0>!x Z
依靠内部审计工作 0WAOA6
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3. Internal control T\L
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内部控制 iD2>-yf
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The evaluation of internal control systems {1W,-%
对内部控制系统的评估 qFjnuQ,w
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Tests of control m ,TYF
控制测试 m`8tHHF
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent)
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实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) SMh[7lU`
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. i%9xt1
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交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ~
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4.Audit evidence j(\jYH>
审计证据 ,U'E!?=:VS
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence xsXf_gGu
获取足够、适当的审计证据 !,PoH
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations :@+@vM;gh
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 xr-v"-
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The audit of specific items MIwkFI8
审计的具体项目 >"+bL6#
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Receivables: confirmation ;]SP~kG
应收帐款:确认 <2 S?QgR,
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties x)o`w"]al
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 PQ[x A*
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation X.!|#FWb+
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation d!]_n|B@9
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 Iw) 'Yyg
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Auditing sampling q3R?8Mb
审计抽样 I%31MU9
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5.Review
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复核 .\+%Q)?h:
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Subsequent events .[4Dvt|>6
随后发生的事件 0|_d{/VK4
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Going concern 96
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持续关注 4I^8f||b_
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Management representations 9N]V F'
与管理层的交涉沟通 j-j,0!T~b
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Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences _-/<