1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 4c9a"v S:8 WBY] M Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance fOJTy0jX8 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 )zK@@E A5?q&VS}p Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors (C.<H6]= 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 "X,*VQl: o8h`9_ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion Kn,td:( 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 ;DXg ]8/g[Ii Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior 6<mlx' 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 |qz&d=> Znd ,FqHk Engagement letter N~~
sM"n 约定书(委托书) Fxv5kho 3*= _vl3 2. Planning and risk assessment l!mx,O` 规划和风险评估 _"[Ls?tRX )f,9 h General principles D`R~d;U~ 一般原则 qNi`OVh& \>[k0< Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism eI,H 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ~'v9/I-" (\UpJlW Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk .t
7ME{ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 K.Tob,5` X m3r)Bm'3 Risk-based approach )kD B*(? 基于风险的办法 "p]!=
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e8W Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 'P)c'uqd# 了解商业的实质和知识 mgMa)yc!dp L%jIU<?Z7 Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ZI.Czzx\= 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Cy dV$!&mP <$??Z;6 Materiality (level), tolerable error K[
yP{01 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 AQwai>eL 83J63Xa Analytical procedures >&ENrvaJ 分析程序 ;Z); k`j V1haAP[# Planning an audit ^?NLA&v< 规划审计工作 ohjl*dw =0az5td Audit documentation: working papers Qk >9o 审计文件:工作底稿 C8x9 Jrc _y&XFdp The work of others X;n09 L`CB 其他机构的文件 ZUkM8M$c .N7<bt@~) Rely on the work of experts C1>zwU_zo 依靠专家的工作 -lrcb/)Gz ""A6n{4 Rely on the work of internal audit fN/;BT 依靠内部审计工作 !yd]~t
5Q Kq5i8L=u 3. Internal control 3N5@<:2` 内部控制 JIIc4fyy8s
v: veKA The evaluation of internal control systems e+V8I&% 对内部控制系统的评估 .yDGw Lry C^;>HAK
|F Tests of control $01csj 控制测试 N0%q66]1 et"Pb_-U Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) AGm=0Om 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) +#\7
#Y )|_L?q#w!' Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. S*gm[ZLQ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 {Kf5a
m TB-dV'w S'\e"w 4.Audit evidence \B^NdG5Y 审计证据 Kv2S&P|jXM s/B_ Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence ~sZ$`t 获取足够、适当的审计证据 wqi0%Cu* vZW[y5 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations )E}@h%d 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 }LeS3\+UHl JEaTDV_ The audit of specific items fs?H 审计的具体项目 a#k7 aOT0 3H0B+F2XQ Receivables: confirmation }%z%}V@(& 应收帐款:确认 z1]nC]2 {o 2 qY|S Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties `a!9_%|8 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 v K[%cA" YYT#{>& Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation <_ENC>NP 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 .xuzu#- $8xb|S[ Bank and cash: bank confirmation jJ-C\
v 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 7BL)FJ]UR] Wa7wV
9 Auditing sampling C JER&"em7 审计抽样 % P E
x Q4hY\\Hi 5.Review
%B( rW?p& 复核 J8i,[,KcE "
.%d{z}vz Subsequent events 1.+6x4%rV 随后发生的事件 X9NP,6 Gw\..O fIl!{pv[ |35OA/O?X
O$}.b=N9 Going concern M2N8?Ycv3 持续关注 SJ<v< B w#[cGaIB Management representations -fl6M-CYX 与管理层的交涉沟通 oda, C l,vBjl h Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 8*@{}O## 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 \Dy|}LE b0YEIV<$ M:{Aq&. 6. Reporting ];4!0\M 报告 FOk;=+ 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com #XA`n@2Uoo Appendix * 70ZAo4 附录 ?h&?`WO( Audit procedure )S(Ly. 审计程序 )t"-#$,@