1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 F F<xsoZJ a)J3=Z- Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance "8MG[$Y 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 +p6cG\Gp EH))%LY1y Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 4a3Xz,[(a 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 tdZ,sHY6 \`?#V xz Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion @V{s'V 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 qjcy{@ j i(DoAfYf/q Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior &'`q&U1x 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 XQL"D)fw "#bL/b'{ Engagement letter U
: 6 J ~ 约定书(委托书) sute%6yM lU]/nKyd 2. Planning and risk assessment l{oAqTN 规划和风险评估 `k y>M- b]S4\BBT General principles lF-;h{
一般原则 !z@QoD ~5Wr
|qg%{ Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism me]O 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 iC-WQkQY rN6@=uB Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk Eq$Q%'5*ua 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ly`p)6#R= MQ;c'?!5[! Risk-based approach 0v6(A4Y 基于风险的办法 v&g(6~b_> 2q}M1-^ Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 9>~UqP9 了解商业的实质和知识
Co6ghH7T Z}bUvr XP Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud 9y=$|"<( 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Mazjn?f {
?p55o Materiality (level), tolerable error BM bT:)% 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 _Eq* ;)Rvk&J5 Analytical procedures =Ny&`X#F 分析程序 A:Y]
<jt .#n1p:}[ Planning an audit U9:?d>7 规划审计工作 2`4'Y.Qf &sbA:xZBA Audit documentation: working papers x17cMfCH% 审计文件:工作底稿 l!Q |]-.@ b_88o-*/ The work of others F@Bh>Vb 其他机构的文件 O[+![[N2 *O')
{( Rely on the work of experts ',-4o- 依靠专家的工作 Hbogi1!al| RB1c!h$u Rely on the work of internal audit 1B~H *=t4h 依靠内部审计工作 mo%9UL,#W 51.! S 3. Internal control arf`%9M 内部控制 G'c!82;,? <p<jXwl The evaluation of internal control systems h>B>t/k? 对内部控制系统的评估 zo66=vE! X$,#OR Tests of control KA:>7- 控制测试 :CEhc7gU S!gV\gEbDj Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) (:3rANY| 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) S9X~<!] ':yE5j Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. ,6rg00wGE 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 2%g)0[1 [sG=(~BU @Tmqw(n{ 4.Audit evidence \~ O6S`, 审计证据 6L@g]f|Y@ !Dp4uE:Pq Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence <~# ZtD$G 获取足够、适当的审计证据 Y604peUF +) 2c\1 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations k^I4z^O=-; 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 R{S{N2+p( w2y{3O"p= The audit of specific items kK!An!9C 审计的具体项目 Eugt~j3 ,vP9oY[n Receivables: confirmation ) ^PY-~o[ 应收帐款:确认 2#'{Q4K ^!H8"CdC3 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties %w7J0p 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 5}gcJjz 8YFfnk Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation (_-<3)q4 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 b8)>:F
*{:FPmDU Bank and cash: bank confirmation y6Xfddd61 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 Uj}iMw, pc}Q_~e Auditing sampling 7dI+aJ 审计抽样 k{Yj!C>
# g<oSTAw 5.Review
`/ix[:}m^ 复核 w'ZL'/d V_Kpb*3 Subsequent events q.i@Lvu# 随后发生的事件 [La=z7* l epR} (qHI>3tpY H?ssV^k &!JX
Going concern (i>VJr 持续关注 c ;`
6d"dJV.\ Management representations P:t|'t 与管理层的交涉沟通 j y{T=Nb @P+k7"f Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 9ET2uDZpL 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 ON _uu]= P"W$ZX L<]j& 6. Reporting yi%A*q~MT 报告 @5Q}o3.zA- 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com |//cA2@. Appendix KbVV[
* 附录 !cT#G Audit procedure
f]q3E[?/ 审计程序 ?qYw9XQYL