1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 -"J6|Y#8 p<>xqU Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance l|#WQXs*c{ 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 4.]xK2sW !]c]:ed\C Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 2kg<O%KA`c 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 !:
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^^,q Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion /*g9drwaa 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 Tj
&PB_v1 Hg)5c!F7 Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior (!FUu 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 Nxk3uF^ hw[ jVx Engagement letter /18Z4TA 约定书(委托书) Hx;ij? Hya ";' 2. Planning and risk assessment 7U=|>)Q0s 规划和风险评估 q^{Z"ifL zqEMR>px General principles mNcoR^(VN 一般原则 \BB(0Ah+t C)^FRnb Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism uP,{yna( 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 j.C)KwelBS $'$#Xn,hU Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk M6n9>aW4 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 -fF1vJ7L V,,/}f' Risk-based approach k~|nU 基于风险的办法 F
8 *e >FtW~J"X Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business ;K[ G]8 了解商业的实质和知识 V>#iR>w_4, z4l
O Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud (nP 6Xq 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 (s?`*i:2 sA18f2 Materiality (level), tolerable error hK=\O) 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 CbK&.a /m,0H)w1 Analytical procedures !\{&^,y 分析程序 k;V4%O K`.wj8zGY Planning an audit f'/@h Na3 规划审计工作 7?6?`no~JJ D;bQ"P-m47 Audit documentation: working papers Sz0M8fYT] 审计文件:工作底稿 ejj|l
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@{ The work of others j!r4 p, 其他机构的文件 t3 AZS0 \ iL&Aq}BO Rely on the work of experts U\S%Jq* 依靠专家的工作 8kZ~ !Ju?REH Rely on the work of internal audit gi`K^L=
C 依靠内部审计工作 zUn>
)#ZC < 4DWH 3. Internal control #8;|_RU 内部控制 9kPwUAw Oq{&hH/'} The evaluation of internal control systems
TQ&%SMCn 对内部控制系统的评估 7>-y,?& %UJ!(_ Tests of control ,x5`5mT3 控制测试 ]ABpOrg @aR! -} Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent)
~CRr)(M 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) SdUtAC2 _I_Sq,Z# Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. Auhw(b>}TW 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 D={|&:`L e ]B>Y
+ *[*#cMZ 4.Audit evidence *BVkviqxz 审计证据 x8p#WB
/U<-N'| Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence _<5 o1 获取足够、适当的审计证据 (]0$^!YK ^DHFP-G?e Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 9bjjo;A 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 JJ56d)37. 84P^7[YX> The audit of specific items ]}9cOb%I 审计的具体项目 !lE
(!d3M pTZPOv#?Q Receivables: confirmation #{(?a.: 应收帐款:确认 D8_m_M|P MoA2Cp;8X Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties .hgc1 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 1W-t})!a D0PP
Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation ,oDZ:";
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 -;T>4B= EA75
D&>I Bank and cash: bank confirmation O:q}<ljp 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 5L|yF"TI# p<'mc|hGq Auditing sampling N##T1 Qm) 审计抽样 %'`Dd po"M$4`9 5.Review
!'ajpK 复核 oypq3V=5 {#q<0l Subsequent events =b,$jCv<,5 随后发生的事件 |x{:GWq .x6*9z#q /'E+(Y&:J [
x!T<jJ jD_(im5 Going concern ]V]~I. 持续关注
qfppJ8L gq[}/E0e Management representations )QaJYC^+ 与管理层的交涉沟通 P%pB]d.qpi J~ v<Z/gm Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences -+|0LXo 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 S=[K/Kf- OdRXNk:k-j Qo?"hgjlqm 6. Reporting UOF5&>MLb 报告
8[f]9P/i 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com ..<(HH2 Appendix XnWr~h{b 附录 UN|"D]>/ Audit procedure |Y/iq9l
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