1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 I"HA(
+G \?"kT}.. Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance {EyWSf" 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 NPLJ*uHH z#/"5 l
Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors P$&l1Mp 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 c2fw;)j&X !M
j28 Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 8Bx58$xRq 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 \n^;r|J7k 4,?WNPqo Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior ;.3
{}.Y 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 R#HX}[Hb ricL.[v9S Engagement letter !3 zN [@w, 约定书(委托书) _tpOVw4I G@scz!Nt 2. Planning and risk assessment UZJ#/x5F 规划和风险评估 0t
6DD v>0} v)<v General principles 6T%5<I*&3s 一般原则 Pdk#"H-j L`"V_
"Q#0 Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism o~2
6<Lk 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 yBfX4aH:` e;9x%kNs! Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk *Nur>11D 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 5.QY{+k XCyr r2^ Risk-based approach DC2[g9S>8@ 基于风险的办法 W>&!~9H UHBMl>~z Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business
|cL,$G 了解商业的实质和知识 ;3+_aoY k \\e`= Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ku
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评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 iKG," D_ XOYzN} Materiality (level), tolerable error =Js
wd 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 $ J!PSF8PL y-mjfW`n Analytical procedures >S]"-0tGD= 分析程序 +HlZ?1g +-qa7 Planning an audit J>1%*Tz 规划审计工作 2Mj_wc `@ 8O|j Audit documentation: working papers !1Nh`FN 审计文件:工作底稿 5E
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g 2IXtIE The work of others vK$wc~ 其他机构的文件 HJt
'@t=Ak AYfL}X<Ig Rely on the work of experts DSlO.)dHu 依靠专家的工作 /4KHf3Nr .TNGiUzG Rely on the work of internal audit <TgVU.* 依靠内部审计工作 `@{(ijg. 9V>C %I 3. Internal control YI2x*t! 内部控制 8WC_CAP uzIM?.H The evaluation of internal control systems H\$uRA oo* 对内部控制系统的评估 jtgj h\Nt 0 gR_1~3 Tests of control z=Xh 控制测试 G|TnvZ KX 3rX40>Cs8 Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) LQV&;O4' 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) B_>r|^Vh eo^C[#
. Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. ~cV";cD5 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ,h<xY> "bz]5c~ FcyFE~>2 4.Audit evidence ~RV"_8`V9 审计证据 z>)lp$ 8Yo;oHk7 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence l[C_vUg 获取足够、适当的审计证据 FsS.9
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d{E/ Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations ay]l\d2!3 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 k]~$AaNq 35 L\ The audit of specific items yT[=!M 审计的具体项目 /4|_A {m{m I=
a?z< Receivables: confirmation W
j`f^^\HJ 应收帐款:确认 W)8Pq9Hnv Rln\ Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties 4j(`koX_ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 .yD5>iBh
;te( {u+ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation s\p 1EL( 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 HVK0NI }zqo<o Bank and cash: bank confirmation }KT$J G? 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 +.z
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?} =sF4H_B Auditing sampling Q\N >W+d 审计抽样 g |H + WT?p] 5.Review
=Aw`0 复核 !M(SEIc4A J
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Subsequent events &.qLE 随后发生的事件 6OqF-nso[E ./^8L( pCC^Hxa ,
K:d/ ~(B%E' Going concern {ft |* 持续关注 j8aH*K-l{ l
dp$jrNLr Management representations zGy+jeH:. 与管理层的交涉沟通 .`(YCn?\ y=Z[_L!xr Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences xxwbX6^d 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 GMB3`&qh ?bg
/%o DQ9aq.; 6. Reporting W8r"dK 报告 h
B_p 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com vU(fd!V ? Appendix /1$u|Gs
* 附录 1hzf+*g Audit procedure T Qx<lw 审计程序 e)m6xiZ