1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 m+=!Z|K &M!:,B Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance ]*|K8&jxl 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 \);rOqh ;D1IhDC Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 8{YxUD 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 &g!/@*[Nhh 9PAp*`J@kr Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 1dcy+ !> 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 hA8 zXk/'8 gg(U}L
]: Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior f+V':qz 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 D|o@(V NP8TF*5V Engagement letter {E/TC%
约定书(委托书) 8(}sZ)6
Nt8( 2. Planning and risk assessment ^n/uY94E)p 规划和风险评估 Q
Y'-] Tt\w^Gv\d General principles g&>Hy!v, 一般原则 l+6(|"md ho1F8TG= Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism p2G8Qls 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 z"3c+?2 P `"7m- Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 6{'6_4;Fv( 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 [/G;XHL;? S2)S/ nf Risk-based approach +b+sQ<w?. 基于风险的办法
fR%8?6 0, /x# Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business }H=OVbQor 了解商业的实质和知识 "> 3@<f> y~7lug Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud kP$gl| 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Bv8C_-lV/ p0K;m% Materiality (level), tolerable error iC]lO 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 aTsfl w|C~{ Analytical procedures rLxX^[Fp3 分析程序 Q\L5ZJ%y/ \]xYV}(FO Planning an audit 4Z}{hc\J 规划审计工作
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$8k_M Audit documentation: working papers T;@>O^ 审计文件:工作底稿 9#ft;c "ux]kfoT The work of others Tm\[q 其他机构的文件 BA,6f?ktXS 2(Uz9!<V Rely on the work of experts aUK4{F ; 依靠专家的工作 e6lOmgHn5 Cw $^w Rely on the work of internal audit 2<Bv=B 依靠内部审计工作 GDp p`'\ Y)}%SP>, 3. Internal control m7vxzC* 内部控制 X vMG09 KVxb"|[ The evaluation of internal control systems Hs=N0Sk]j 对内部控制系统的评估 aa8Qslm ~+C?][T Tests of control V(
LFH9.Mp 控制测试 aG
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Q9q: Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) I^(#\vRW 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) /v4S@SQ+ #J724` Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. xc.D!Iav 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 c8tC3CrKp= wg<|@z5 W'h0Zg 4.Audit evidence uhB!k-ir 审计证据 n
~u3 BK9x`Oo 2 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence D1 ~x 获取足够、适当的审计证据 $'YKB8C
F'FZ?*a Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations _G #"B{7 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 VHr7GAmU +'KE T, The audit of specific items
L8wcH 审计的具体项目
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Receivables: confirmation r/hyW6e_ 应收帐款:确认 RS `9?c: B36puz 0{ Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties ds;cfj[ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 ^7bf8 ^` exO#
>th1 Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 7[v@*/W@ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 jS3(> s^YTI\L
\ Bank and cash: bank confirmation M#V
C3h$ 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 4bev*[k E? eWv)// Auditing sampling D`:d'ow~KQ 审计抽样 h^+C)6(58n IAF;mv}' 5.Review
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@ 复核 >q@Sd ]]=fA 4( Subsequent events =lC;^&D-0/ 随后发生的事件 wp%FM BCUt`;q ]B
p^igscPF6 T<+ht8&M8 0w(T^GhZ Going concern .^~l_LkA 持续关注 xD GS`U dG-or
Management representations -}X?2Q 与管理层的交涉沟通 =v4r M0m, X')
Zm+ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences S1^nC tSF 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 1%spzkE 3P F|?+>c1} 5rml
Aq 6. Reporting jc&/}o$K 报告 n(1wdl Ep 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com twtkH~`"Q Appendix hB7pR"P 附录 }#OqU#
q| Audit procedure 6b]1d04hT 审计程序 y=9Dxst"V