1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 e7sp =I,
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 6}FP
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 ++
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 0"pAN[=K@
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 ci?qT,&
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion *=V~YF:Qb
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 JPoN&BTCj
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior gMzcTmbc8
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 )mF5Vw"
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Engagement letter Gz,i~XX
约定书(委托书) !:q/Ye3.
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2. Planning and risk assessment `)T13Xv
规划和风险评估 0.8 2kl
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General principles "eB$k40-
一般原则 8Djc
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism hEKf6#
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 u>2
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ^hZ0IM
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 v|dBSX9k0
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Risk-based approach _( {hc+9p
基于风险的办法 zh8nc%X{
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business W3MJ
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了解商业的实质和知识 :bwjJ}F
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud O$_)G\\\m
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 _`&m\Qe>
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Materiality (level), tolerable error Z2qW\E^_r
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 $4h 5rC g0
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Analytical procedures \LR~r%(rM
分析程序 %4et&zRC
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Planning an audit p<2L.\6"
规划审计工作 itBwCIj G
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Audit documentation: working papers &Sw%<N*r
审计文件:工作底稿 +6HVhoxU#
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The work of others ;oW6 NJ
其他机构的文件 dCi?SIN
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Rely on the work of experts m$}R
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依靠专家的工作 [uC]*G]
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Rely on the work of internal audit v$7QIl_/7
依靠内部审计工作 \<JSkr[h!"
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3. Internal control %b&".mN
内部控制 y{ibO}s
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The evaluation of internal control systems l=S 35og
对内部控制系统的评估 {.?ZHy\Rk
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Tests of control S?1AFI9{
控制测试 k1w_[w[
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) <"{qk2LS1
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) K1mPr^3rC
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. dgR
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交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 27
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4.Audit evidence Ixb=L(V
审计证据 G`SUxhC k
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence iHeN9 cl
获取足够、适当的审计证据 E7t+E)=8
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations K&POyOvT
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 qaiNz S@q
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The audit of specific items R)_%i<nq\
审计的具体项目 ~zHjMo2
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Receivables: confirmation K-bD<X
应收帐款:确认 Aw}"gpL
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties E@@5BEB ~
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 K{&mI/;
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation o<|cA5f\
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 ^T*? >%`
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation $@z5kwx:P
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 l1T m`7}
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Auditing sampling S=5<^o^h3
审计抽样 [$qyF|/K`n
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复核 l=
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Subsequent events ^N7e76VwR
随后发生的事件 XG}C+;4Aw
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Going concern f$+,HB
持续关注 l n{e1':$"
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Management representations HBy[FYa4
与管理层的交涉沟通 v4u5yy_;(
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Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences G0/4JSH
审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 N*"p|yhd]
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6. Reporting Yk)."r&