1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 W9~vBU -X ~VXeg Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance (~Pb,Q 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 #Sj:U1x MfhJb_q` Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors /O1r=lv3Z 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 p4;A[2Ot`: )W!8,e+% Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion $UMxO`F 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 }g:y!pk |->{NUZ{ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior 66x>* 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 ZPWY0&9 'dYjbQ}~; Engagement letter s+>VqyHgf 约定书(委托书)
vgSs]g )6#dxb9 2. Planning and risk assessment *hVW>{a 规划和风险评估 jN:!V t 0FfBD[E: General principles 1;<J] S$$ 一般原则 ID"'`DKxe C`c;I7 Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism L+7j4:$B8 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 A0sydUc @~0kSA7 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk #(C2KRRiA 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 tuuc9H4B .L[WvAo Risk-based approach "ZDc$v:Qa 基于风险的办法 LuQ4TT [pOQp
fo\ Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business MhN)ZhsC 了解商业的实质和知识 $:kG>R@\t [6Y6{.%~ Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud +!IIt {u
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 0S <;T+WA ;/#E!Ja/u Materiality (level), tolerable error <>`+"O} 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 n*G[ZW*Uc [H-,zY Analytical procedures 8Czy<}S<G 分析程序 A-e#&pJ |?6r&bT Planning an audit _Z'j%/-4@D 规划审计工作 d:C- YHN@?}T() Audit documentation: working papers VyH'7_aU 审计文件:工作底稿 :IDD(<^9 w(pLU$6X The work of others X96>N{C*> 其他机构的文件 +HNY!fv9 cUssF%ud] Rely on the work of experts ;:Q 5?zM 依靠专家的工作 zRPX
mu{t 4`5 jq) Rely on the work of internal audit hD!W&Er 依靠内部审计工作 O1IR+"0 PVvNu5k 3. Internal control BsiHVr 内部控制 Qrjo@_+w! So?SBh1C The evaluation of internal control systems X=)Ue 对内部控制系统的评估 $6w[h7 N*w/\| Tests of control b[,J-/;JNL 控制测试 :U!kn b"/> CrC1&F\dq Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) @Y+YN;57 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) Ovh
W(ITs}O Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. T{v(B["!$ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 |r5 n p 22S4q`j ]kA0C~4 4.Audit evidence YG , 审计证据 "']I. bI.LE/yk Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence %cMX]U 获取足够、适当的审计证据 FOiwB^$> ?#"rI6 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 3
/V&PDC*' 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 O\;Z4qn2= :GXiA The audit of specific items aOWW..| 审计的具体项目 ($EA/|z
aOHf#!/"sb Receivables: confirmation 'PRsZ`x. 应收帐款:确认 DdDO.@-Z hN*,
]Z{ Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties Xh"JyDTj3 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 OW1i{ 4E]w4BG) Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 1o\P7PLe 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 >aXyi3B r'xZF~}k"~ Bank and cash: bank confirmation Rhh5r0 \5 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 ,.[T]37 8o43J;mA Auditing sampling \U $'3M 审计抽样 K|nh`r Yl%1e|WV 5.Review
@NlE2s6a 复核 ]V*s-och' ek!x:G$' Subsequent events 9
r.Os 随后发生的事件 }&A!h RGFanP y}5V3)P 9/3gF)I} ?g
gl8bzA Going concern NrH2U Jm 持续关注 P34UD: 5v6 x Management representations L+,p#w 与管理层的交涉沟通 [4L[.N@ F N6GV Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 9jq}`$S{ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 &nkYJi(! ~<
%%n'xmm Nn<TPT[, 6. Reporting _b8&$\> 报告 Ji4xor 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com iJ n< Appendix C+ar]Vi 附录 kt?G\H!} Audit procedure V45A>#?U 审计程序 ~L\KMB/9e=