1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 UXJeAE-
=W(Q34
Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance - YEZ]:"
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 q+yQwX{
V(H1q`ao9
Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors BX`{73sw
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 Ri<u/ ]oR"
I fK,b*%
Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion *7uH-u"5d
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 rD*jp6Cl
ER%^!xA
Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior ~[t[y~Hup
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 n1Yp1"2b[
%z=le7
Engagement letter /CrSu
约定书(委托书) qqjwJ!@P
is?{MJZ_
2. Planning and risk assessment *3+4[WT0]a
规划和风险评估 ; 5*&xz
Ogqj?]2QC
General principles j*|VctM
一般原则 $o+j
El>
<
$D`Z-6
Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism 8 ?xE6
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 R)c?`
:iUB
OAgniLv
Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 9)l$ aBa
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 l0|5t)jF-
\
[;0KV_
Risk-based approach >xN
.F/[K
基于风险的办法 ^
gdaa>L
jk;j2YNPw
Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business d-oMQGOklb
了解商业的实质和知识 \;,_S+Fz8
mVj9 ,q0
Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud KYB`D.O
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 '+@=ILj>
wo3d#=
Materiality (level), tolerable error D(~U6SR
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 xB@ T|EP
bTI|F]^!
Analytical procedures C"y(5U)d
分析程序 1y:-N6
(^ JI%>
Planning an audit 0j^Kgx
规划审计工作 0-B5`=yU
4VHn
\
Audit documentation: working papers AzPu)
审计文件:工作底稿 Q-(zwAaE
%U/(|wodd
The work of others ez7A4>/
其他机构的文件 |NlO7aQ>2H
91/Q9xY
Rely on the work of experts \P[Y`LYL
依靠专家的工作 q9B$"n
11 NQR[
Rely on the work of internal audit <3nMx^
依靠内部审计工作 &s(^@OayE
W" scV@HKu
3. Internal control <NMEGit
内部控制 _T60;ZI+^
6%' QjwM_
The evaluation of internal control systems xR~hwj
对内部控制系统的评估 e[1hz_
v
a
.#)G[*
Tests of control O2
V
控制测试 6XxvvMA97
7g^]:3f!
Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) p%ki>p )E|
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 8\^R~K`sY
1C+13LE$U
Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. iqsCB%;5
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 m!!/Za
MpT8" /.]A
h4gXvPS&r
4.Audit evidence \doUTr R
审计证据 M/f<A$xx_
AYBns]!
Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence C[cbbp
获取足够、适当的审计证据 zpn9,,~u
yZY \MB/
Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations ]h`&&B qt
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 >58YjLXb
NWESP U):w
The audit of specific items k=$TGqQY?
审计的具体项目 ,Zx0%#6
%6 zBSje
Receivables: confirmation b#%hY{$j
应收帐款:确认 r8?gD&