1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 d8J(~$tXQN tQ,3nI!|xF Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance q);@iiJ- 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 bkS-[rW -Ra-Ux Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors mWTV)z57 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 )-^[;:B\k" )St`}qu; Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion pM}n)Q!{3" 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 ,m[#<}xXA
[7Liken Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior &0RKNpwg 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 Vc!'=&*
hxkwT Engagement letter ,qwV
DYJ 约定书(委托书) ?X@uR5?{ l,ic-Y1 2. Planning and risk assessment .TO#\!KBv 规划和风险评估 GP0}I@>? t/J|<Ooj? General principles C&f{LpB` 一般原则 Sz-TarTF +Uxtxl' Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism ?*:BgaR_ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 .#LvvAeh {w mP Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk &
Tkl-{I 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ."j=s#OC( "0m\y+%8 Risk-based approach I[KAW" 基于风险的办法 juB /?'$~ _-z
; Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business Zb:S
IJ 了解商业的实质和知识 <~
?LU^ LF ;gdF%@ Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud Da
]zbz%% 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 H8h,JBg5<F >:|jds# Materiality (level), tolerable error ^C~t)U 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 / !aVv KouIzWf. Analytical procedures \RmU6(;IQ 分析程序 3j\Py'}; t;W'<.m_ Planning an audit >'v{o{k|C 规划审计工作 G$t:#2 9s#*~[E* Audit documentation: working papers 3XhLn/@ 审计文件:工作底稿 dG)}H_ b
q8nV The work of others X4/3
vY 其他机构的文件 gW
^0A)5 v*^'|QyM7 Rely on the work of experts &XB1=b5 依靠专家的工作 r
TK)jxklX f<vZ4 IU Rely on the work of internal audit .e
|\Bf0P 依靠内部审计工作 9,$
n6t; R]NCD*~ 3. Internal control p*|Ct 内部控制 !=]cAS
PGD K QCF " The evaluation of internal control systems 86W.z6 对内部控制系统的评估 &G_XgQsg{ 7upN:7D- Tests of control /\m>PcPa 控制测试 'h>CgR^NM1 m'U>=<!D Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) e\! ic 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) WnQ+ v\-7sgZR Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. k#x"'yZ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 CPJ%<+4%b n8o(>?Kw Z8o8>C\d9/ 4.Audit evidence B1o*phM
g 审计证据 CUx[LZR7m 4B@Ir)^(* Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence !DXK\,;> 获取足够、适当的审计证据 FLQ>,=O Ha~}NO Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations s[}cj+0 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 oEsqLh9a| /H*n(d The audit of specific items 3PEW0b*]Pf 审计的具体项目 %
{A%SDh uwu`ms7z 2 Receivables: confirmation j~O"=?7!O 应收帐款:确认 uOb}R b\C1qM4 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties ]Mj N)%hT 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 f&?
8fB8{ 1
Lz Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation MG4(,"c! 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 #g]eDU-[ c@{M),C~E Bank and cash: bank confirmation 2 5Ia 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 >(a[b
@[K 6 IKi*} Auditing sampling <4%PT2R 审计抽样 z/|tsVK R?}<CjI 5.Review
-{Fy@$! 复核
Yw,LEXLY @"0n8y Subsequent events c6LPqPcN 随后发生的事件 %RXFgm!{f bOK0^$k 3.@ir"vy wZ/b;%I! ^']*UD; Going concern /0 86qB| 持续关注 tFX!s;N[ W+#Zmvo Management representations z`Xc] cPi 与管理层的交涉沟通 cT#R B7 8v\^,'@ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences n(jrK9] 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 ;% 4N@Z :6W* ;<o m=%yZ2F; 6. Reporting }Pj;9ivz 报告 o*xft6U 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com @T~~aQFk Appendix JmbWEX| 附录 y-)5d Audit procedure gU@BEn} 审计程序 ?xtP\~