1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 [op!:K0 .{x-A{l Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 7udM
F3;> 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 tvynl;Y/
XeDiiI Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors NS@j`6/U 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 Y;d$x}dh
cdfJa Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion bsy\L|wd 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 [ ps5; .}S9C]d:a Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior ?9nuL}m!a 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 MZ
o\1tU-i &U ]L@]x Engagement letter J`a$"G B. 约定书(委托书) c
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O 2. Planning and risk assessment v{
Md4p 规划和风险评估 ^{nf0 )56c 7J,j General principles >&3M
#s(w 一般原则 &{NN!X DZ -5A Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism ra=U, 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 Cqy84!Z< % 1ZJi}~ Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk Ac}+Uq 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 p'fq&a+ /"?yB$s Risk-based approach iTF`sjL 基于风险的办法 XQ]no aU YKKZRlQo Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business G#-t&gO3 了解商业的实质和知识 nI.K|hU:P &?flH; Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud /]m5HW(P7K 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 +X(@o :["iBrFp Materiality (level), tolerable error Aon
3G 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ,%7>%*nhk $q,2VH :Ip Analytical procedures ~``oKiPg@ 分析程序 UIgs/ T#kPn#| Planning an audit #'[4k: 规划审计工作 5'wWj}0!% =i[ _C>U Audit documentation: working papers QG
{KEj2V 审计文件:工作底稿 _Y
@vO TG9 a1q The work of others w%F~4|F 其他机构的文件 UngDXD ) 4{4VC"fa Rely on the work of experts &{E1w<uv 依靠专家的工作 ln.'}P r(WR=D{ Rely on the work of internal audit ?D?_D,"C 依靠内部审计工作 mh&wvT<:{ KBJ%$OQV 3. Internal control __N<
B5E 内部控制 BUB$k7{z J=?`~?Vbo The evaluation of internal control systems :}(Aq;}X 对内部控制系统的评估 tNP>6F/ Z./$}tVUG Tests of control QS(aA*D 控制测试 7[=*#7}. ]e`&py E Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent)
mY6d+ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) mQ(6ahD U xVYy`_| Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. *} @Y"y 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 5B6twn~[ b7-M'-Km0_ LF6PKS 4.Audit evidence ^#-d^ )f; 审计证据 A#NJ8_ EHI%QT Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence ,',
S 获取足够、适当的审计证据 v *'anw&Z Z[9)
hGh Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations -_@zyF<G 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 4mHR+
SZy !@>_5p>q* The audit of specific items $~)BO_;o 审计的具体项目 1M@OBfB8 _A]8l52pt Receivables: confirmation _{Z!$q6, 应收帐款:确认 9ZXkuP9vm T0HNld Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties /wAx#[c[ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认
/%&Kbd =n@"lY u[ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation &~4;HjS 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 oVZI([O AS1#_fC Bank and cash: bank confirmation M~/Pk7CC 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 vbA<=V*P @FNaCmBX Auditing sampling {"v~1W) 审计抽样 I:|<};mm .4CCR[Het 5.Review
Y5mQY5u| 复核 %_P[
C}4 $G\WW@*GE Subsequent events ,5*Z<[* 随后发生的事件 DtEvt+h DUrfC[jpv 7{z\^R^O SI)QX\is8 ZYS`M?Au Going concern 7Gh+EJJ3I 持续关注 w]@H]>sHd Ppton+?( Management representations
!l6Ez_' 与管理层的交涉沟通 c/6 ~`Y!_ '(x Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences s78MXS?py 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 [,bra8f[C b#%$y ?8U#,qq#` 6. Reporting nsA}A~(E 报告 $.+_f,tU 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com omP\qOc Appendix 0-P,zkK_v 附录 a Fh9B\n Audit procedure QjlQsN! 审计程序 #}p@+rkg2