1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 4X tIMa28 Fd!Np7xw Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance (/TYET_H 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 )Y.H*ca -?L~\WJAL Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors M4[(.8iE 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 ~>vv9-_ ,MH/lQq% Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion /U\k<\1~m 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 ASA ]7qyO F(+,M~ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior D@@J7 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 5=Cea _Q)rI%A2 Engagement letter (JV [7u - 约定书(委托书) A=8%2UwI MvV\?Lzj 2. Planning and risk assessment 8NCu;s 规划和风险评估 Msj(>U&}+ VZhtx) General principles gEr@L
一般原则
X0a)6HZ{ IZ?+c@t Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism JmlMfMpXMs 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ')eg6IC0&T Z
SWKVTi Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk a}(xZ\n^D; 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 .8[*`%K> cg`bbZ Risk-based approach t5t!-w\M$+ 基于风险的办法 G,o5JL"t +%E)]*Ym Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business Klr+\R@(n 了解商业的实质和知识 |.]sL0;4Z Q`= ,&;T> Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud K"fr4xHq 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 l-/fFy)T rnNB!T Materiality (level), tolerable error N{kp^Byim0 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 nulLK28q pAdx 6 Analytical procedures faTp|T`nY 分析程序 Xg<R+o I(rZ(|^A Planning an audit $c^,TAN 规划审计工作 :X+!W_xR k`aHG8
S\ Audit documentation: working papers opaRk.p 审计文件:工作底稿 kH4xP3. i
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pJf~ The work of others pDYcsC{p 其他机构的文件 pc+'/~ 8cKP_Ec Rely on the work of experts |[+/ ]Y 依靠专家的工作 k[ZkVwx %p; 'l Rely on the work of internal audit .#Vup{. 依靠内部审计工作 bz'#YM 7cMHzhk^ 3. Internal control >U7{EfUJdx 内部控制 eVRPjVzQ'Q &m5FYm\ The evaluation of internal control systems FTJv
kcc?m 对内部控制系统的评估 &=>|? m8 %M7EOa Tests of control aGz$A15# 控制测试 hBRcI0R IIh \d.o Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) jA'7@/F/ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) br3r!Vuz/- (q
yT,K8 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. oVAY}q|wU 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 4Pv Pp{Y ;${_eab] n=iL6Yu( 4.Audit evidence v$d^>+Y# 审计证据 @h
E7F} l>D!@`><I Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence nBg
tK 获取足够、适当的审计证据 2~B9 (| JqTR4[`Z\ Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations :jHDeF.A 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 Eb~e=){ opIbs7k- The audit of specific items :ceT8-PBRx 审计的具体项目 !;%+1j?d k [eWhdSw Receivables: confirmation E``\Jre@ 应收帐款:确认 '7yVvd 0\KDa$'1k Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties {oVoN>gp 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 U$m[{r2M 4?',E ddo Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation P. Gmj; 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 H[J5A2b spG3"Eodi Bank and cash: bank confirmation @.8FVF 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 c[zGWF#1> H$)__V5I,q Auditing sampling N_o|2 审计抽样 +Ua.\1"6
`)n/J+g 5.Review
]yV,lp 复核 rp_Aw /
0ra]}[( Subsequent events s$ZKd 随后发生的事件 #q9cjEd_7 !.cno& 9Ac4'L
["BD,mB fqm-?vy} Going concern _%@ri]u{ov 持续关注 +2JC**)I z;lWr(-x Management representations <d
~IdK'\x 与管理层的交涉沟通 .`~=1
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k`=&m" Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences @$R^-_m 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 #4Ltw,b^ (Y~gItej 7*(K%e"U 6. Reporting z|v/hUrD 报告 F-GrQd:O= 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com xY@<