1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 0y#Ih {L t*S."
q Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance FY3IUG 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 chI.{Rj J$ut
_N):N Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 6<'K~1do: 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 }j{!-& )xU-;z0"~ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion P ,mN > 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 wIvo"|% bZw
naM4"F Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior cntco@ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为
Ri*3ySyb Wd,a?31| Engagement letter #s5N
[uK^m 约定书(委托书) %eWqQ3{P] ))h6~1` 2. Planning and risk assessment <yUstz,Xu^ 规划和风险评估 n~IVNB* 9WG{p[ General principles qt e>r 一般原则 fPa9ofU/kr J5M+FwZq Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism
F\JUx L@8 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 15\Ph[6g SI:ifR&T
Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk d9^E.8p$ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 \%jVg\4' kLSrj\6I[ Risk-based approach 9"{W,'r&d 基于风险的办法 oA-:zz>wL !0VfbY9C Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business eD
Kxn8+(H 了解商业的实质和知识 /+K? },$0&/>ft Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud je,}_:7 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 %q3$|> YPDf
Y<?v Materiality (level), tolerable error <[ Xw)/# 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 JH,/jR z`@^5_ Analytical procedures F"+o@9] 分析程序 K,ej%Vtz z,SYw &S Planning an audit <i\A_qqc/ 规划审计工作 _o3e]{ ]jMKC8uz Audit documentation: working papers )$GIN/i 审计文件:工作底稿 l:|D,q ?i\;:<e4 The work of others | s+0~$O; 其他机构的文件 f>j wN@( fK}h"iH+K Rely on the work of experts ;F:fM!l= 依靠专家的工作 U%<rn(xWXD
g\fhp{gWB Rely on the work of internal audit $RX'(/ 依靠内部审计工作 Z3KO90O!8 EV M7Q> 3. Internal control sUkm|K`# 内部控制 c,EBF\r8* K+\nC)oG The evaluation of internal control systems R9vT[{!i 对内部控制系统的评估 eP1nUy=T K-vWa2 Tests of control , :n|
?7 控制测试 [4Ll0GSp pE]?x$5U Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) +]xFoH
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 0Wvq>R.(]7 6(&Y(/ Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. Lz9#A. 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 AIl4]F5I yGBQ0o7E `NRH9l>B7 4.Audit evidence G#`\(NW 审计证据 #^#Kcg rsNf$v-* Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence P@}P k 获取足够、适当的审计证据 U
5w:"x ]DG?R68DQ Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations _
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9! 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 nt1CTWKM8^ 8;P2A\X The audit of specific items =s97Z- 审计的具体项目 7Ey#u4Q mdih-u(T| Receivables: confirmation bUy,5gk- 应收帐款:确认 &a)eJF]:! P,pnga3Wu Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties ~,6b_W p/ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 W`rNBfG> sRHA."A!8 Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation P'Q$d+F, 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 -4#2/GXNO r`\A
nT? Bank and cash: bank confirmation Iry 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 8y'; \(; G* b2,9&F Auditing sampling A~(l{g 审计抽样 E:E4ulak T $4P_* 5.Review
Y(VJbm` 复核 O09ke-lC ,{eUP0] Subsequent events ?kw&=T! 随后发生的事件 M[5[N{ &p
UZDjo? gIEl. XEM'}+d ,3DXFV'uxb Going concern 9Mm!%Hu 持续关注 d5I f"8`@ 1n*W2:,z Management representations pY8q=Kl 与管理层的交涉沟通 2
+5e0/_V K!AAGj` Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences JOnyrks 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 rEZ8eeB[3 1r)kR@!LNG 'BMy8 6. Reporting cTZ.}eLh 报告 AF,BwLN 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com n";02?@F Appendix ;(6g\'m 附录 VzS&`d.h Audit procedure "%2xR[NF 审计程序 p\vMc\