1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 xr^fP~V|)0 h9&0"LHr Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance w!Ii 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 >PUT(yNL ?oU5H Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ?+byRoY>&g 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 v;s^j Et;Ubj"+ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 07vzVsQ}p 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 #*+$o<Q]9
&/)To Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior X$SXDb~G 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 "l(<<Ha/ cu4 |!s`# Engagement letter Lv-M. 约定书(委托书) z2;<i|Ez0 }Gd^r 2. Planning and risk assessment r<$"T 规划和风险评估 J>+~//C i >BQRbU General principles |_16
IEJ 一般原则 p7,dl*' J+qcA} Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism fLuOxYQbf 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 Htce<H-P 8HDI] Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk Shu=oweJ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 t28 y=nv U)_x(B3d/ Risk-based approach LP}'upv 基于风险的办法 &[[Hfs2:-] W'5c%SI Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business %p^`,b} 了解商业的实质和知识 -8sB\E e @|uG % Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud VW**N}1#C 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 T{*!.+E h?vt6t9 Materiality (level), tolerable error 9Hs5u
Be 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 q]gF[&QZ 0G8zFe*p Analytical procedures b5l;bXp] 分析程序 -K0!wrKC BBj>ML\X Planning an audit kp,$ NfD 规划审计工作 gnw?Y 2 v.>95|8 Audit documentation: working papers nOU.=N
v` 审计文件:工作底稿 ;2547b[] AL[,&_&uV The work of others :a)` iJnb 其他机构的文件 sE\Cv2Gx Vd A!tL Rely on the work of experts o AM)<#U> 依靠专家的工作 TL: 6Pe G]gc*\4 Rely on the work of internal audit +\25ynM 依靠内部审计工作 6f;20dn6 ZY8:7Q@P> 3. Internal control _O`s;oc 内部控制 2E@y0[C? XK/bE35%^! The evaluation of internal control systems %kV #UzL 对内部控制系统的评估 qyR}|<F8* Di&XDW/ Tests of control BSyS
DM 控制测试 2@|,VN V6~ fD2)/5j1 Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) q4Y7 HE|ym 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) G`,M?lmL SH6T\}X: Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. `4a9<bG 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 %G'P!xQhy .c\iKc# MD[;Ha 4.Audit evidence N$<R6DU]K 审计证据 1( rN o}y(T07n Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence GyQvodqD 获取足够、适当的审计证据 HD>UTX`&mc 1abQoe Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations #2?3B 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 \?"kT}.. !iU$-/,1 e The audit of specific items
?I;PJj 审计的具体项目 #E4|@}30` NwNjB
w%v Receivables: confirmation k;l^y%tzp 应收帐款:确认 h<bCm`qj 3%
O[W Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties b-YmS=* 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 mQ^SpK # q;QE(}.g Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 3shd0q< 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 cs*"9nKl !twYjOryH[ Bank and cash: bank confirmation Ceew~n{ 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 =JN{j
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$p Auditing sampling .a 9f)^ 审计抽样 Jo:S*D __`6 W1 5.Review
mi@ni+2Tn 复核 oH(=T/{ <l<6W-I Subsequent events -v$ q8_$m" 随后发生的事件 $aHHXd}@t2 VI?kbqjo 8+8L'Yv; t@q==VHF 'CCAuN>J Going concern B{>x 持续关注 ZNJ<@K- Z=(Tq1t Management representations k \\e`= 与管理层的交涉沟通 -!IeP]n#P iKG," Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences
,6SzW+L7 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 2W}jbOy )oy+-1dE ~"r(PCa@ 6. Reporting .HPa\b\L> 报告 L+8O
4K{ 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com 6_>(9&g`zV Appendix \f@obp 附录 b;5
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Audit procedure "%#CMCE|f 审计程序 wxy@XN"/i+