1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 jwAO{.}T1r `C_#EU- Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance {&w%3 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 "Z}0 A/y e0>@Yp[Kd Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors nb0<.ICF%R 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 kDO6:sjR7 vk;>#yoox Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion .F)--% 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 "eh"'Z ,FS iE\ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior '#u2q=n4* 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 nV']^3b Wuc,Cjm9(! Engagement letter .fD k
5uo 约定书(委托书) @&EE/j^ 66Hu<3X P 2. Planning and risk assessment :nZ*x=aq 规划和风险评估 unD8h=Z2 8h AI l General principles #
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& 一般原则 3UrqV`x \ Z$WT ~V Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism !lu$WJ{M 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 #o yvsS8 7Jc=`Zm' Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk RJtSHiM2 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ?cg+RNI U35}0NT _ Risk-based approach !L3Bvb;Q 基于风险的办法 Pu
axS cRU. Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business gVq{g,yi 了解商业的实质和知识 n,Ux>L MgtyO3GUAD Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud 9lA YCsX 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Pv0OoN*eJ{ ]]`+aF0 Materiality (level), tolerable error 5l)p5Bb48c 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 vZ|-VvG 7 ic]q, Analytical procedures <T0-m?D_$ 分析程序 k?xtZ,n{s \uanQ|Nu Planning an audit [N7[%iQ% 规划审计工作 KJpM?: ASu9c2s Audit documentation: working papers UdLC] 审计文件:工作底稿 -@J;FjrXmP RKBjrSZg8 The work of others pl"|NZz
7; 其他机构的文件 KCCS7l/ |AWu0h\keO Rely on the work of experts _0vXujz
依靠专家的工作 Ir}&|"~H
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Rely on the work of internal audit z,]f
R 依靠内部审计工作 ,][+:fvS &"^A
3. Internal control 1/#N{rZ 内部控制 *><]
[|Y@H EkTen:{G The evaluation of internal control systems C %EQ9Iq6r 对内部控制系统的评估 jpBE| Nm Rj E,Wn Tests of control h+$_:](PC 控制测试 cAktSoF JBWiTUk Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) OEAF. 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) Zn9w1ev Dri1A% Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. ec]ksw6T+ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 jR/X}XQtY p>!r[v' G:@gO2(D 4.Audit evidence L>@6lhD)x 审计证据 h hdn9n sxsM%Gb?H Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence ,cm2uY 获取足够、适当的审计证据 {) .=G Ok* :;G
@ Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations U}qW9X;o 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 "0/OpT7h7 FS@SC`~( The audit of specific items m&$H?yXW> 审计的具体项目 |"@E"Za^ #Xn#e Receivables: confirmation -}N{'S
,Bp 应收帐款:确认 sJ0y3)PQ {+r?g J Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties }7C{:H2d 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 c9'#G>&h~^
lI5{]?' Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation %3C,jg 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 p 3_Q $9l3DJ Bank and cash: bank confirmation ;N/c 5+ 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 =1esUO[nx "1[N;|xa Auditing sampling r":<1+07 审计抽样 \?C(fpR }`h}h<B( 5.Review
=tog<7 复核 Q%
dpGI 7'&Xg_ Subsequent events -J[D:P.Z 随后发生的事件 Y&j6;2-Z iYnw?4Y J%[K;WjrZJ W"2\vo) P, Vq/Tt Going concern YqDw*S{ 持续关注 3s|tS2^4 pw$I~3OFd Management representations zY#U ]Is 与管理层的交涉沟通 Np=*B_ @8
&bL1G(} Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences rVN|OLh 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 oF*Y$OEu?c ]-AT(L> &FK=w]P 6. Reporting ae^xuM?7 报告 (Ux%7H_d 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com da-3hM!u+ Appendix -9Can4 附录 _ WSJg1 Audit procedure qM9GW`CKA 审计程序 $GPA6