1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 Rj&qh
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 5R"2Wd
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 rx}*u3x=
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors /Bm#`?(ia
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 y-<$bA[K~
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion /+N|X
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 -3\7vpcdN
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior EM=xd~H
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 !+=Zjm4L
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Engagement letter {Evcc+Eq
约定书(委托书) y]<#%F
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2. Planning and risk assessment ,y{0bq9*2
规划和风险评估
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General principles A1=_nt)5
一般原则 /=q.tDH=I
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism @+$cZ3,
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 B%
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk wLpkUa
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险
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Risk-based approach %N>\:85?
基于风险的办法 MSK'2+1T@g
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 2+,5p
了解商业的实质和知识 &;Ed*OJ
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud LSSW.Oz2L
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 m$,cH>E
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Materiality (level), tolerable error is9}ePC7Xu
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 [gpOuTW
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Analytical procedures phr2X*Z/)Y
分析程序 IF5sqv
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Planning an audit i3D<`\;r
规划审计工作
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Audit documentation: working papers ax4*xxU
审计文件:工作底稿 sfyBw
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The work of others E2Us#a
其他机构的文件 IhUW=1&J
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Rely on the work of experts Ica3
依靠专家的工作 09G9nu ;&{
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Rely on the work of internal audit a#^_"GX
依靠内部审计工作 IY V-*/
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3. Internal control XpR.rq$]
内部控制 'BqrJfv
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The evaluation of internal control systems m{vT_ei
对内部控制系统的评估 e)*mC oR
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Tests of control (~=Qufy
控制测试 +d@v
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) T}V7SD.
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) y>@v>S
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. \P*PjG?R
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 EfFj!)fz
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4.Audit evidence uFGv%W
审计证据 N
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence A,3@j@bdy
获取足够、适当的审计证据 #D/$6ah~m
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations F<h&3
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 sVE>=0TVP
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The audit of specific items ^:qpa5^"
审计的具体项目 ''$`
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Receivables: confirmation enPzy:C
应收帐款:确认 T^KCB\\<
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties X=fPGyhZ
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 OI'uH$y
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation p#ZMABlE,P
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 }9MW!Ss
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation [
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银行存款和现金:银行的确认 C*"Rd
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Auditing sampling {;]uL`abi?
审计抽样 V->.|[J
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5.Review /uy&2l
复核 M3hy5j(b
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Subsequent events OwNA N
随后发生的事件 +}Qv6s#
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Going concern / e~
持续关注 `77;MGg*
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Management representations U92B+up-
与管理层的交涉沟通 d+gk q\
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