1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 ;L -)$Dy4 +swT MR Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance #X%!7tU6 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 Ri_2@U- lN:;~;z_ Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors UjoA$A!Od; 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 @~|;/OY>" YZ8[h`z Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion |?{V-L 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 Q
Kr/ 'fb\t, Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior T!y 9v5 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 W3>9GY90R &@CUxK Engagement letter &QfEDDJ 约定书(委托书) x=7:D
%(khE-SW 2. Planning and risk assessment 5m0lk|` 规划和风险评估 w*/@|r39 aAGV\o{^ General principles yc3/5]E& 一般原则 U*Y]cohh 5rck]L' Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism ^Ld5< 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 _^(1Qb[ Q[NoFZ
V! Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk \SQ4yc 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 :X'B K4EN LkzA_|8:D Risk-based approach 25vjn 1$sW 基于风险的办法 rYdNn0mhk 80Fa i Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 4Ps;Cor+ 了解商业的实质和知识 <2 [vR|Q* #\Y`? Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud {X?1}5ry 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 hLZfArq} `{>/'o Materiality (level), tolerable error -['& aey}a 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 Un)Xe 8g_kZ^<[ Analytical procedures 0<@['W}G 分析程序 e/+.^ '{ T|BlFJ0" Planning an audit dz/@]
a 规划审计工作 (Ytr&gh;0 Q) aZ0 Pt Audit documentation: working papers A. tGr(r 审计文件:工作底稿 c\rP
-"C z)^.ai,: 0 The work of others #V/{DPz 其他机构的文件 viYrPhH+z 3zKeN:w Rely on the work of experts ~:Z|\a58j 依靠专家的工作 #Ox@[Z1I
H6K8. Rely on the work of internal audit ;Krs*3
s 依靠内部审计工作 x!s=Nola
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3. Internal control ]C"?xy 内部控制 R8lja%+0$ p>?(uGV The evaluation of internal control systems = )
3\B 对内部控制系统的评估 .K4)#oC fCY??su*
Tests of control '#=n> 控制测试 ZEDvY=@a RaSuzy^`*] Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 1QmOUw}yj 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) =EYgck;) b#6mUl2 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. A*+gWn,4Y_ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 kGnT4R*E =BR+J9 .3_u5N|[=W 4.Audit evidence t D
8l0 审计证据 9\Ff z& PeiRe Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence 5-fASN.Lx 获取足够、适当的审计证据 #=)>,6Zw 29G el Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations G!C }ULq 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 t%^&b'/Z $i<+O,@- The audit of specific items D{7^y>8_Y- 审计的具体项目 l-c:'n abS~'r14 Receivables: confirmation y?r`[{L(lA 应收帐款:确认 ;m.6 ~A MK
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties V,& OO 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 9vDOSwU* qo\9,< Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation +{;wOQ. 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 ,2FI?}+R :,qvqh][ Bank and cash: bank confirmation rzie_)a Y% 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 K9 }Brhe $Q'LDmot Auditing sampling #>G:6'r 审计抽样 s}UJv\* x{ `{j' 5.Review
->IZZ5G< 复核 /4 Kd ^ @=4HtA Subsequent events 4DL2
A;T 随后发生的事件 2PeMt^ S^D@8<6GJ wXnVQ-6H dS Tyx#o 6
~{'\Z Going concern `h :!^"G 持续关注 8n2;47 a {/5aF_0D. Management representations ra^%__N} 与管理层的交涉沟通 Fx1FxwIJ y}={S,z%22 Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences T?Z&\g0yp 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 z"QtP[_m r.Z g<T
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!eS 6. Reporting Hc|cA(9sh9 报告 hiV!/}'7 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com aTH$+f1?Q Appendix sHPeAa22 附录 6'uCwAQU Audit procedure e_!Z-#\J% 审计程序 t3^`:T\