1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 #I ,c'Vj
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance `T2DGv
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 %RIu'JXi
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors muK)Yw[#N
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 D_f:D^
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 99zMdo S
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 >hnhV6s
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior {dl@#Tu
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 BH^cR<<j
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Engagement letter PwAmnk !
约定书(委托书) <p_2&&?
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2. Planning and risk assessment Y% [H:
规划和风险评估 IxlPpS9Wx
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General principles 6>d3*
一般原则 kx0w?A8-
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism fb]=M
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持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 '#r^W2
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk d D^?%,a
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 xNVSWi,
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Risk-based approach Mb%[Qp60
基于风险的办法 H#`&!p
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business t1l4mdp
了解商业的实质和知识 xiQd[[(sM
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ^[
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评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 3V/|" R2s
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Materiality (level), tolerable error w4&-9[@Y
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 41XX
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Analytical procedures 0
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分析程序 6;\Tps;A
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Planning an audit Eid~4a
规划审计工作 4kLTKm:G
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Audit documentation: working papers QTI^?@+N>
审计文件:工作底稿 Su`
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The work of others Mw $.B#
其他机构的文件 ViG-tb
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Rely on the work of experts rOq>jv
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依靠专家的工作 r%oXO]X
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Rely on the work of internal audit htqC~B{1E
依靠内部审计工作 )Rw
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3. Internal control 7y>{Y$n
内部控制 U[l{cRT
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The evaluation of internal control systems ~D Ta%J
对内部控制系统的评估 =^3B&qQNq
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Tests of control Fm.IRu<\`
控制测试 FkIT/H
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) ,G(bwE9~
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) RjQdlr6*
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. *6*/kV?F
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。
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4.Audit evidence ,1-#Z"~c
审计证据 W(UrG]J*l
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence \rf2Os
获取足够、适当的审计证据 mMV-IL
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations qc`UDD5
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 +q4AK<y-
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The audit of specific items 2(sq*!tX
审计的具体项目 t12 xPtN1
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Receivables: confirmation :>otlI<0t
应收帐款:确认 )OcG$H NK
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties [6t!}q
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认
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