1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 wIuwq> w(n&(5FzB< Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance fHYEK~!C04 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 Z'<=06 "t~I;%$[ Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors |332G64K 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 $bh2zKB) gt6*x=RCrQ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion z~+_sTu 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 UZMo(rG.]{ N:[m,U9a Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior pmB}a7 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 ,7SLc+ 0}hN/2}& Engagement letter u].=b$wHHM 约定书(委托书) ?mS798=f 7J./SBhB 2. Planning and risk assessment PTIC2 规划和风险评估 ,%mTKOs L 7_Mg{ General principles 6G7B&"& 一般原则 A,e/y O\pqZ`E=s Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism (qlIQC 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 e{U`^ao`F8 *RUB`tEL Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk \bqNjlu 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 tc\LK_@$/F "2+>!G RQ Risk-based approach V\
%;S 基于风险的办法 Mkko1T=6 &1893#V Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business D}vgXzD 了解商业的实质和知识 a+szA}; yEtI5Qk Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud m7z/@b[ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ^2|gQ'7< a-x8LfcbF Materiality (level), tolerable error BqP:] 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 9c9-1iS >},O_qx Analytical procedures !Qjpj KRy 分析程序 *pw:oTO u!oHP Planning an audit r-'\<d(J$ 规划审计工作 ?Ri
W:TQ* q`E6hm Audit documentation: working papers )NRY9\H 审计文件:工作底稿 ?+D_*'65D $@Zb]gavt? The work of others yopEqO 其他机构的文件 ,;;M69c[
x \K`AO{ D@ Rely on the work of experts 4otB1{ 依靠专家的工作 5dT-{c%w4 jIv+=b#oT Rely on the work of internal audit f|WNPFQ$x 依靠内部审计工作 fW!~*Q IpGq_TU 3. Internal control f,d @*E
内部控制 \yNjsG@, G~a;q+7v'$ The evaluation of internal control systems n
0 _:!]k^ 对内部控制系统的评估 wWY6DQQB e%`gD*8 Tests of control # Fw<R'c 控制测试 ~e{AgY) J*U,kyYF Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) Se*ZQtwE 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) <d#9d.< YNn,{Xi Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 3Fo,F 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 2U2=ja9:Y 5b0Ipg vlw2dY@^ 4.Audit evidence r-^Ju6w{ 审计证据 tNjb{(eO\h -9} ]J\ Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence ^>h
9< 获取足够、适当的审计证据 Ec8Y}C,{7< 7SoxsT) Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations !ceuljd] 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 !O@qqg(> D*Siy; The audit of specific items j +@1frp 审计的具体项目 j,/OzVm9 .(VxeF(v_k Receivables: confirmation <\8dh(> 应收帐款:确认 1{_tV^3
@ aN).G1 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties {(o\G"\<XY 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 #AyM! <po.:c
Ce Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation v#IW;Rj8 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 7 '2E-#^ \|@]XNSN Bank and cash: bank confirmation %&c[g O!Za 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 K*'(;1AiW %.pX!jL Auditing sampling @'?<92A 审计抽样 MkC25 q!7z4Cn 5.Review
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w#' 复核 W|G(x8
&e7yX Subsequent events r|fJ~0z 随后发生的事件 `R!0uRu
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p nFzhj%Pt; Going concern 8 fVI33 持续关注 `dMOBYV ]8htJ]<|Q Management representations zY(w`Hm2 与管理层的交涉沟通 #i7! &~
6Z)} Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences PD|I3qv~ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 Rr^<Q:#"<| -qs.'o
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pN 6. Reporting |m"2B]"@ 报告 S!#7]wtbP 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com `;(/Wh Appendix @_FL,AC&m 附录 A_{QY&%m Audit procedure U2ecvq[T 审计程序 uCNQ.Nbf C