1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计
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{ToK IeYYG^V<A Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance e]4$H.dP
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 bzr2Zj{4 I&-r^6Yx Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors "U\RN 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 erH,EE^-x< \VpEUU6^U Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion nCQtn%j't 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 C4+DZ<pE fyQO
F ItM Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior
"*d6E}wG 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 M(X
_I`\E }c/p;< Engagement letter >Hf
{Mx{< 约定书(委托书)
EBy7wU`S ibkB>n{( 2. Planning and risk assessment &'uP?r9c$ 规划和风险评估 *Fy6-CC1 T^v763% General principles A`7(i'i5] 一般原则 ddQ+EY@! "J(M. Y Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism ^/C\:hw 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 u*C*O4f>OC 1K Vit{ Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk t;* zr* 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 x^ `/&+m gFR}WBl/ Risk-based approach pGs?Y81
基于风险的办法 A@V$~&JCL5 =gVMt Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business j
iKHx_9P 了解商业的实质和知识 KqI:g*H'x7 Xg dBLb Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud Ema[M5$R 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ajSB3}PN Pe<VPf9+ Materiality (level), tolerable error r=Xo; d*TE 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 Qs1CK;+zU Ark]>4x> Analytical procedures
DTO_IP 分析程序 \F|)w|v 5wue2/gl Planning an audit 6 f*:; 规划审计工作 <^YvgQ,m QuR}6C Audit documentation: working papers t3)6R(JC 审计文件:工作底稿 4R'CLN
|t iT'doF The work of others h*Fv~j'p 其他机构的文件 9&s
b,^4 z|pt)Xl Rely on the work of experts :E9pdx+ 依靠专家的工作 /43l}6I ?t'V5$k\ Rely on the work of internal audit )+N{D=YM 依靠内部审计工作 ~Dt$}l-9 pS$9mzY 3. Internal control 2Mx\D 内部控制 cN@_5 8?Rp2n*o The evaluation of internal control systems &~*](Ma 对内部控制系统的评估 KElEGW
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A3K Tests of control 9J/[7TzSZ 控制测试 gvI!Ice# p7QZn.,=u Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) ei-\t
qY_ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) .jJD$FC -riX=K>$ Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. P*KIk~J 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 b-ss^UL RJD{l+ Y"lEMY 4.Audit evidence xt}.0dC!/% 审计证据 %SC Jmn2 xt|^~~ / Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence `df!-\# 获取足够、适当的审计证据 V/#Ra @)d_zWE Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations P2vG)u 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 &|x7T<,) NVRzthg%c_ The audit of specific items *v%y;^{k[/ 审计的具体项目 Nvd(?+c 254V)(t^QM Receivables: confirmation %*Ex2we& 应收帐款:确认 *QQeK#$s x3i}IC Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties O14QlIk 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 r#OPW7mhE pVc+}Wzh Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation KO" /
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 <&m50pq vCP[7KhGj Bank and cash: bank confirmation V;ea Q 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 8?iI;( ah*{NR) Auditing sampling %T]$kF++& 审计抽样 ;qaPK2a8 @<P2di 5.Review
m\qeYI6, Z 复核 Ah1
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`s|]VNt Subsequent events nG<oae6z" 随后发生的事件 Oa/zEH 1(@$bsgu2 %M`48TW) u@dvFzc 7?yS>(VmT Going concern Xr
<H^X 持续关注 '^TeV= i2Wvu3,D3- Management representations S L
5k^| 与管理层的交涉沟通 Zp)=l Td 6C
VH)=% Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences bB?E(>N; 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 0BDw}E\
HaVhdv3L l~"T>=jq3 6. Reporting Q3WI@4 报告 opa}z-7>^ 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com rnZ
$Qk-H Appendix 4`i8m 附录 (=^KP7 Audit procedure =sk[I0W 审计程序 d#E&,^@M