1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 e6WKZ~
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 0`dMT>&I
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 B?)=d,E
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors Qs.g%
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 E>3fk
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion z`[q$H7?
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 A9
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior 4#BoS9d2I<
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 pu +"
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Engagement letter kM
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约定书(委托书) 0cm+:
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2. Planning and risk assessment uZ(j"y
规划和风险评估 ) b
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General principles ki^c)Tqn
一般原则 51k^?5cO
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism n(#159pZ
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 dM1)wkbET
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk JS<4%@
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 PDnwaK
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Risk-based approach t<6`?\Gk
基于风险的办法 (&G4@V d
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business /f7Fv*z/
了解商业的实质和知识 t$z
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud /M-%]sayj
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 "gD)Uis
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Materiality (level), tolerable error "s]c79t
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 +Zx+DW cq
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Analytical procedures O0{M3-
分析程序 J['paHSF
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Planning an audit ~5HI9A4^
规划审计工作 `R]9+_"N
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Audit documentation: working papers u $N2uFc
审计文件:工作底稿 aD~3C/?aW
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The work of others Syn>;FX
其他机构的文件 AWP CJmr
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Rely on the work of experts ;2vHdN
依靠专家的工作 Elt=/,v`!
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Rely on the work of internal audit 38dXfl
依靠内部审计工作 Y" s1z<?
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3. Internal control &WIiw$@
内部控制 d*Y&V$?zl
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The evaluation of internal control systems iNR6BP
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对内部控制系统的评估 !aD/I%X
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Tests of control |Ebwl] X2
控制测试 +k'5W1e
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 'w`:p{E
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) d*=P8QwL|
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. hbhh
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交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 qWf7k+7G
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4.Audit evidence 8oG0tX3i
审计证据 9cAb\5c|
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence mu2
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获取足够、适当的审计证据 cs7TAX
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations _PrK6M@"L
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 'H2TwSbIXI
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The audit of specific items ~#dNGWwG
审计的具体项目 M-u:8dPu
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Receivables: confirmation w:
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应收帐款:确认 /E/J<
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties $
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存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 3hr&