1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 G?`x$U U
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance w"p,6Ew
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 Y%1J[W
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors )qi/> GR,
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 o'9K8q\1
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion ~Z ,bd$
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 qT
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior v\LcZt`}
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 gc%aaYf>
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Engagement letter UD0via
约定书(委托书) zP[_ccW@
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2. Planning and risk assessment "ZuhN(-`
规划和风险评估 E="FE.%A
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General principles H*SEzVb
一般原则 ubq4Zv7'
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism ?2#!63[Kg
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 yS*s[vT
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 8|\0\Wd;vu
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 je
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Risk-based approach .*9+%FN
基于风险的办法 pI__<
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business J2c.J/o
了解商业的实质和知识 }]8n
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud f^
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评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ~j1.;WId[
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Materiality (level), tolerable error iG:9uDY
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 BE&P/~(C
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Analytical procedures @y{i.G
分析程序 M7$ h
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Planning an audit )X8?m <cG
规划审计工作 cBgdBPDa
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Audit documentation: working papers w|~d3]BqT
审计文件:工作底稿 r6B\yH2
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The work of others M?61g(
其他机构的文件 @,b:s+]rp
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Rely on the work of experts ?,dbrQ
依靠专家的工作 <"SDU_<xG
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Rely on the work of internal audit 3f 1@<7*
依靠内部审计工作 >e]46K
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3. Internal control 2TR l@
内部控制 1|_8+)i;
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The evaluation of internal control systems /+FZDRf!r
对内部控制系统的评估 $6~
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Tests of control Q?Au.q],
控制测试 TEgmE9^`)7
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) k'_p*H
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) owYSR?aG
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. aL wd#/!
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 $gYy3y
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4.Audit evidence J6*Zy[)%&S
审计证据 <lk_]+ XJ3
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence (qE*z
获取足够、适当的审计证据 /o<tmK_m
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations ^k&T