1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 %2b^t*CQ OXpN8Dh5 Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance nC[aEZ7 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 \K"7U Vh;|qF 9 Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors p-\->_9)y` 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 9MO=f^f- ?+yM3As9_V Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion rZ n@i 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 LauGT* z! xR
kw+ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior zx$1.IM"4 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 7BIN
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" Engagement letter a}FY^4hl+ 约定书(委托书) NZZy^p&O A15Kj#Oy 2. Planning and risk assessment d^M*%a z 规划和风险评估 9.xRDk U/AiI;Ne General principles 5y
g`TW 一般原则 )qMbk7:v\ mj9sX^$dE Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism W,H8B%e 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 EAXl.Y.
$ )=iv3nF?6N Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk `C|];mf(# 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 /W*Z. 5rbb
,* Risk-based approach P%Vq#5 基于风险的办法 H#V&5|K% '@@!lV Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 45wtl/^9 了解商业的实质和知识 eC%Skw U/kQw rM Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ff R%@ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 <},JWV3 LWTPNp:"{w Materiality (level), tolerable error w< Xwz`O 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 -@_v@]: iKd+AzT Analytical procedures E X'PRNB, 分析程序 NZ i3U .1;UEb|T Planning an audit )kI**mI} 规划审计工作 =z"+)N ~AYl eM Audit documentation: working papers u<cnz%@ 审计文件:工作底稿 2YKa <?_ kD;pj3o&"2 The work of others 2yg6hR 其他机构的文件 $fg@g7_: $57b.
+2n Rely on the work of experts 'n-y*f 依靠专家的工作 @>VVB{1@,] *n E
kbI/ Rely on the work of internal audit MomHSv Q\ 依靠内部审计工作 LOi}\O8 o.fqJfpj 3. Internal control h
':ZF 内部控制 yCN_vrH
> Q*%}w_D6f The evaluation of internal control systems <C(o0u&/ 对内部控制系统的评估 ;XawEG7" U 4%ooJi|) Tests of control #L+:MA7H 控制测试 ML\>TDt -c0ypz Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 0] 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) Z#H<+S( P* `*^r3 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. :[_msd 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 u>:(MARsR %2zmc%]r _,T
4DS6 4.Audit evidence \*e\MOp6 审计证据 @lE'D":? 6^'BTd Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence I@9'd$YY 获取足够、适当的审计证据 _;;Zz&c i}DS+~8v Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 9/(jY$Ar 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 %k1Pyv;] esn
q/ The audit of specific items PZusYeV8b 审计的具体项目 w(6n X^ Is-[OvE Receivables: confirmation p8!T)
?| 应收帐款:确认 ,u2Qkw W/ Q*NB Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties yzhNl'Rz 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 rYr*D[m] b[<RcM{r} Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation \4>,L_O 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 &2`p#riAS =
,(TP Bank and cash: bank confirmation
zd=O;T;. 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 _rwJ:r !o /
=,ZIx Auditing sampling h0rPMd(K 审计抽样 c lB K $QC1l@[sM 5.Review
v.jxG{~. 复核 R2Fjv@Egk c;$4}U4 Subsequent events y'K2#Y~1e 随后发生的事件 $0 olqt: AzOs/q8O C}RO'_
Pq IA@>'O @vt.Db Going concern ;XurH%Mg 持续关注 g|>LT_ Vb(b3 Management representations +P2oQ_Fk`9 与管理层的交涉沟通 {rUg,y{v W[\6h Zv Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences VLez<Id9( 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 }uZs)UQ|$ RSp wU;o6z aj1]ZT\ 6. Reporting |vI`u[P 报告 R c+olJ^5 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com Tnp
P ' Appendix ;miif 附录 K($l>PB,y@ Audit procedure K*>%,mP$i 审计程序 UZyg_G6