1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 7^&lbzVbm(
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance nZ541o@t9
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 i'Wcf1I-=
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors JR!Q,7S2!N
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 gu^_iU
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion iF8@9m
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 [#7D~Lx/
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior U{HyxZ|q<
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 :&qC <UD
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Engagement letter %-\FVKX
约定书(委托书) avmcGyL
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2. Planning and risk assessment ~d&'Lp[3
规划和风险评估 {qY3L8b
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General principles
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一般原则 5Ws5X_?d
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism @
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持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 D xe-XKNc.
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk /L)?> tg
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 o*?[_{xW
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Risk-based approach x`Vy<h 33
基于风险的办法 qK{|Q
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business ^6ExW>K
了解商业的实质和知识 K3a>^g
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud X77A; US
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 0@o;|N"i
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Materiality (level), tolerable error x&QNP
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ],!\IqO
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Analytical procedures <+ -V5O^
分析程序 C<zx'lw!
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Planning an audit ;%v%K+}r
规划审计工作
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Audit documentation: working papers l
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审计文件:工作底稿 hVQ7'@
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The work of others Z}]:x
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其他机构的文件 tpN]evp|
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Rely on the work of experts oc!biE`u
依靠专家的工作 p*A^0DN'Fn
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Rely on the work of internal audit 0SAG6k~x
依靠内部审计工作 pP?<[ql[w
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3. Internal control bx+(.F
内部控制 gubb .EY
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The evaluation of internal control systems *O"%tp6
对内部控制系统的评估 X7'h@>R
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Tests of control [X0k
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控制测试 Z\ "Kd
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) f]@[4<N y
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) T=
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. {jj]K.&
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 Vvxc8v:
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