1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 qK_jgj=w 0j}!4D+ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance v[++"=<
o8 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 }Kt`du= 6cO36 Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 8h,>f#)0c 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 ';>]7oT` <D_UF1Pk Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 5]-q.A5m 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 LqZsH0C No|T#=BZ[ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior S2;u!f 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 t<F*ODn z CS.P.$ Engagement letter (_9 u< 约定书(委托书) | e?:Uq JX.3b_O 2. Planning and risk assessment F,[GdE;P 规划和风险评估 PVC Fh$pnw C2X$ bX" General principles [w1 4hHnq 一般原则 '<Fr}Cn sz"N,-<Ig Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism bR\Oyd~e 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 3ql
Y=5Y uK6'TJ Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk y-.<iq 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 efT@A}sV y7X2|$9z- Risk-based approach EE{]EW( 基于风险的办法 m@,u&9K yhuzjn Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business tgR4C#a 了解商业的实质和知识 V*Q!J{lj^# P]~apMi: Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ^t2b`n60 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 pO_$ 8=G+ Bn4wr Materiality (level), tolerable error 6zZT5
Kn 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 *^+]`S OsrHA Analytical procedures (:9=M5d 分析程序 'PS_
|zI O>KrTK-AV Planning an audit L2Vj2o"x? 规划审计工作 G`oY(2U +~7x+6E Audit documentation: working papers 83
i;:cn 审计文件:工作底稿 ]4X08Cm^ pXhN? joe The work of others 2gN78#d 其他机构的文件 ]YciLc( zMg
(\8 Rely on the work of experts fi
tsu"G 依靠专家的工作 d5YL=o ~_]i'ii8 Rely on the work of internal audit H"; !A=0 依靠内部审计工作 0^25uAD= kM;}$*? 3. Internal control sqv!,@*q 内部控制 EJid@ qydRmi The evaluation of internal control systems @UK%l
:L 对内部控制系统的评估 N|3a(mtiZ' U&'Xs
z Tests of control sPP(>y( \ 控制测试 z=j,-d%9 \hO}3;*& Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) mD_sf_2> 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 5L 0w!q'W H?4t\pSS Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. ?Z2_y- 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 k++" 5{|tE!
:m[HUh 4.Audit evidence b(Nxk2uv 审计证据
[KW9J}] ?~9o2[ Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence G@4n]c_ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 L$3
{L"/ zLSha\X Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations b^'>XT~1J& 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 mcb|N_#n/ 3>#io^35 The audit of specific items k fY0u 审计的具体项目 @M)" 6#;u6@+}yy Receivables: confirmation S#F%OIx 应收帐款:确认 Ro.br:'Bw A2%RcKY7 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties KPxf 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 p1']+4r% (r-8*)Qh8 Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation G\B:iyKl 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 BMH?BRi ZRP[N)Ld$ Bank and cash: bank confirmation A(1WQUu j 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 `s\E"QeZN zxrbEE Q Auditing sampling wqF_hs(O 审计抽样 jyFKO[s\X @ [<B:Tqo 5.Review
>l =;6QL 复核 R,8460e7 2Xqa?ay0> Subsequent events jMP;$w 随后发生的事件 2!nz>K =GL^tAUJ ]owcx=5q%' +<^c2diX t&MLgu Going concern F
@uOXNz) 持续关注 .GiQC{@9w Z"d21D~h9` Management representations bI :cYn1 与管理层的交涉沟通 VX'G\Zz@h| _53NuEM1 Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences P] Xl 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 '=(@3ggA: "vo
o!&< X-F:)/$xG 6. Reporting 0GcOI} 报告 #RWmP$+#= 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com DxzNg_E] Appendix xeKfc}:&z 附录 d$PQb9Q+f Audit procedure 6G;t:[H G 审计程序 S<Uv/pn