1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 _#f/VE +**H7: bO Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 0Hff/~J 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 !ye%A& ;L(W'+ Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors zi-zg Lx 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 F8_pwJUpf- $d,30hK Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion U+@
yx>! 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 u$t*jw\fHg Jc`LUJ
T Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior ;NLL?6~ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 >9+@oGe(E &m>`+uVBP Engagement letter .X_k[l 9 约定书(委托书) bxkp9o T-fW[][&$ 2. Planning and risk assessment n@T4z.*~lA 规划和风险评估 0u'2f`p* hS*3yCE"8 General principles zJ|Ek"R. 一般原则 nHD4J;l PS`)6yn{_ Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism N(t1?R/e, 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 LNXhzW Y_Ej-u+>{ Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ecA0z
c~ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 jBI VZ!X }`
f%"Z Risk-based approach qZKU=HM 基于风险的办法 ],qG!,
V ~`T(mh', Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business iknB c-TLD 了解商业的实质和知识 6dC!&leNi B`"-~4YAf Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud j,EE`g&
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 z[ z'.{;D Z%(aBz7Et Materiality (level), tolerable error ,6i67!lb 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 -a&wOn-W > ^n' Analytical procedures F~W*"i+EZ 分析程序 <X|"5/h dlJkxEh2 Planning an audit ~u,g5 规划审计工作 ?ohLcz 1i bQ'bZ Audit documentation: working papers %J~8a _vO 审计文件:工作底稿
S3)JEZi 5_G7XBvD/w The work of others *=@Z\]"? 其他机构的文件 =!{}:An1$ @hl5^d"l Rely on the work of experts ;[gv-H 依靠专家的工作 [A*vl9= jpm}EOq<% Rely on the work of internal audit "o;l8$)VL 依靠内部审计工作 t8]u#bx"? *7BY$q 3. Internal control *v l_3S5_ 内部控制 rZ: h^x7[qe The evaluation of internal control systems <mrLld#_:C 对内部控制系统的评估 uW Q` F ypqf
| Tests of control () b0Sh= 控制测试 ^row=5]E s![=F}ck Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) [OH>NpL 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) \
{"8(ELX a^4(7 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. G\jr^d\ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 g>OGh o -_>c P Yk?uxZ4)H 4.Audit evidence PJO;[:
.I 审计证据 4J94iI>S.l X=${`n%LG Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence LP=!u~? 获取足够、适当的审计证据 /~gM,* iO<O2A.F Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations O=c& 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 IK~ur\3
^4 es The audit of specific items 4.H!rkMM 审计的具体项目 m='+->O*'l 5'+g'9 Receivables: confirmation FCqs'
应收帐款:确认 '
nf"u gj6"U{D Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties .}Bb
:*@ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 g6
7* Bs F^A1'J Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation Y$oBsg\v 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 LT'#0dCC IQ2<Pinv Bank and cash: bank confirmation 6D
0uLh 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 RoJ&dK \f /<#' Auditing sampling V!]e#QH; 审计抽样 {) Y
&Vr5 EMs$~CL4 5.Review
#cjB <APY 复核 -pg7>vO q DU}q4u@) Subsequent events 4~Lw:o1a 随后发生的事件 "GZhr[AW :V+t|@m5l V :d/;~ >A2&
Mjo Ix1ec^?f Going concern z^Oiwzo 持续关注 f)"O( c 2uiiTg> Management representations [0)iY%^ 与管理层的交涉沟通 N_/&xHw l9P~,Ec4'' Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences s2w.V
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审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 4:6@9.VVT v6oZD;;~ *dUnP{6 g 6. Reporting <`6-J `. 报告 xvpS%MS 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com XUW~8P Appendix {
"$2 附录 ]!0*k#i_. Audit procedure L$7v;R3 审计程序 0{A VH/S