1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 %gO/mj3* p&RC#wYu Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance v]{UH{6 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 /a^
R$RHl' HdxP:s.T Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 'o}[9ZBjn 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 Z[I
M\# " 4zS0kk;+ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion R`c[?U 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 {rR(K"M [s[ZOi!;I Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior >-N(o2j3 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 WqF,\y%W* V($V8P/ Engagement letter ]87BP%G 约定书(委托书) 3<W%z]k@M mTI`^e 2. Planning and risk assessment <$e|'}>A 规划和风险评估 8lpAe0p(Z +`GtZnt# General principles 7?R600O
A 一般原则 VSY p HQm_ K0$ Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism A/<u>cCW 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 z4SJxL ` 'Qb?F6 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk A_9^S! 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 `5@F'tKQ |~BnE
Risk-based approach ??p%_{QY~b 基于风险的办法 G~<UP(G cp(qaa Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 9(TGkz(NA 了解商业的实质和知识 @5nFa~*K% Ll|_Wd.K, Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud q_.fVn:! 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Pt"H_SW~k r+Ki`HD% Materiality (level), tolerable error EWD^=VITL 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 @Iz]:@\cJ @M"gEeI9 Analytical procedures
bOj)Wu 分析程序 ac l<dY6 -Ty~lZ)TDT Planning an audit D8Fi{?A#FV 规划审计工作 lNL=Yu2p_ A0)^I:& Audit documentation: working papers mcez3gH 审计文件:工作底稿 e7U\gtZ.
Bx#i?=*W The work of others hU#e\L 7 其他机构的文件 7l69SQo]? ~'_cBJ
'XD Rely on the work of experts tNTSy= 依靠专家的工作 m]2xOR_ \2s`mCY Rely on the work of internal audit Ax=HDW} 依靠内部审计工作 1.!U{>$ Tsg9,/vXM 3. Internal control (P)G|2= 内部控制 lDYgtUKG 4qie&:4j The evaluation of internal control systems kMQ
/9~ 对内部控制系统的评估 YqX$a~ sE"s!s/ Tests of control zi-_ l 控制测试 G|g^yaq> Xi&J%N' Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) O]u'7nO{{ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) h+[6i{ -G,}f\Cg Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. {zFME41>g 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 C{}_Rb'x jn2=)KBa_ *1dDs^D#| 4.Audit evidence B3#G 审计证据 eQbHf =j,WQ66r3 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence A0DGDr PD 获取足够、适当的审计证据 OldOc5D TQ4@|S:OF Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations FO2e7p^Q 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 o
<q*3L5 I/dy^5@F The audit of specific items CFaY= Cy 审计的具体项目 !$Nj
! kTvM,< Receivables: confirmation bx3Q$|M? 应收帐款:确认 bKo %Ak, YQ+hQ:4- Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties !
xCo{U= 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 I^?tF'E )j_El ]? Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation W:d
p(,L 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 tq3_az ~1 Lzq/^&sc( Bank and cash: bank confirmation 9@
tp# 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 REUxXaN>Z gF)9a_R%p Auditing sampling
THYw_]K 审计抽样 h|qJ{tUWc$ %
nZl`<M 5.Review
S&-K!XyJ 复核 kWzN {]v W:]FYC Subsequent events ~e{ @ 5.g 随后发生的事件 A l U^,X &R94xh%@( NQ9v[gv Mbi]EZ !/zRw-q3B Going concern [xMa^A>p 持续关注 $]2)r[eA) Q.mJ7T~T Management representations +hxG!o?O 与管理层的交涉沟通 Wq1>Bj$J8 d!,t_jM0 Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences <L&EH@T 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 mayJwBfU ^#/FkEt7bp PVCoXOqh 6. Reporting Y=Vbs x 报告 ~^mUu`@r 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com l:85 _E Appendix F/>_PH57 附录 t^rw@$"} Audit procedure ?"B]"%M& 审计程序 [,zq