1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 &M\qVL%w ^^Q>AfTR. Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 4=ha$3h$ 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 d/?0xL W j1@PfKh Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors j;rxr1+w 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 ~bjT,i v@!r$jZ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion :rmi8!o 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 1$c[G}h }Oy/F Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior xO
1uHaL 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 6nk.q|n:g 'Ya- ;5Y] Engagement letter X 0m6<q 约定书(委托书) <,'^dR7, 0
vz!) 2. Planning and risk assessment 6;\Tps;A 规划和风险评估 +m6acu)N. Eid~4a General principles | i'w"Tz4 一般原则 Q mz3GH@wg QTI^?@+N> Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism /%^^hr 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 LTio^uH QtqE&j Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk nqujT8 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 FiN B$A D|5Fo'O^AV Risk-based approach xHwcP2 1 基于风险的办法 5NYYrA8,^ U| 1&=8l Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business cNRe > 了解商业的实质和知识 oMZ|)(7C
ez *O'U Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud k
v3V| 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ~D Ta%J ;ZLfb n3\ Materiality (level), tolerable error u!VY6y7p 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 Q92hI" NIOWjhi[Jn Analytical procedures WO6; K] 分析程序 t.m C q4{ k'Z$# Planning an audit N%+ C5e< 规划审计工作 4EEXt<c. 5},kXXN{+ Audit documentation: working papers u'EzYJ7 审计文件:工作底稿 SQVyCxcX_ fxk6 q$' The work of others ,!g%`@u 其他机构的文件 <D M:YWNa Ra?0jcSQ$ Rely on the work of experts Q" an6ht| 依靠专家的工作 HTUY|^^D < {dV= Rely on the work of internal audit ;*E
PAC+ 依靠内部审计工作 'uA$$~1 #~88[i-6 3. Internal control q\6ZmKGnT 内部控制 CpF&Vy K |yow(2(F@ The evaluation of internal control systems #AUz.WHD 对内部控制系统的评估 ~/kx @#5PPXp Tests of control !NFP=m1 控制测试 u9%)_Q!14 JdeGQ Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) s\dF7/b 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) Fs EPM"&?h BPzlt Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. ?rgk 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 )Dq/fW YV0K&d UN*XLHio 4.Audit evidence j8ebVq 审计证据 y7CrH=^jc FO5'<G- Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence LAwAFma> 获取足够、适当的审计证据 p#95Q "ewB4F[ Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations $w$4RQk3n 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 RGim):1e \!4sd2Yi The audit of specific items GM<r{6Qy 审计的具体项目 _:tisr{ z2lEHa?w Receivables: confirmation qrmJJSJ 应收帐款:确认 M _z-~G
BK1Aq3*) Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties Ag`:!* 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 A;A>Q`JJF e/<Og\}P/ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation ?g$dz?^CK& 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 |H4/a;]~ w<]Wg^dyQ Bank and cash: bank confirmation A,T3%TE 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 g2<xr;<t^ QDC]g.x Auditing sampling x-_!I>l& 审计抽样 v5 yOh5 ZdD]l*.\i 5.Review
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# Subsequent events Iz#h:O 随后发生的事件 :hp=>^$Y hfGA7P" ^xGdRaU# ;Vad| - &OiJJl[9 Going concern 7
C5m#e3 持续关注 Z;_WU l*]L=rC Management representations b7/1] 与管理层的交涉沟通 hNV"{V3`{ .jhuC#x{/ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences )h~MIpWR 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 or u.a wL2d.$?TEg > @ulvHL 6. Reporting I hvL2zB 报告 bQ=R, 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com :G|Jcl=r Appendix Nd&u*&
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Audit procedure FxC@KZG 审计程序 ~<pGiW'w5