1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 O}Jb,?p
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance EIRf6jL
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 ]O."M"B
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors jYkx]J%S
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 \<} nn?~n
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion _,^sI%
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 y^Lw7
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior 5h1j.t!
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 VA0TY/{
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Engagement letter EB#z\
约定书(委托书) 5IMH G%W7
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2. Planning and risk assessment W5
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规划和风险评估
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General principles yrjm0BM#
一般原则 j*5VJ:
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism 'Khq!pC
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 D1f=f88/}
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ?,j:Y0l.L
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 dZW:Cf 9K
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Risk-based approach NQG"}=KA
基于风险的办法 _KFKx3<m!
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business ?vVkZsU
了解商业的实质和知识 J: LSGj;R
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ^!9b#Ja
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 4M_83WL
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Materiality (level), tolerable error f_7p.H6\
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 $?\],T
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Analytical procedures 0pR04"`;
分析程序 _5zR!|\^
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Planning an audit \;3r
规划审计工作 _VlNZ/V
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Audit documentation: working papers 7-5q\[ZK
审计文件:工作底稿
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The work of others cZu:dwE
其他机构的文件 9qpH 8j+
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Rely on the work of experts eYa gI
依靠专家的工作 |"mb59X
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Rely on the work of internal audit O/k4W#
依靠内部审计工作 -l\@50,D
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3. Internal control oqj3Q
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内部控制 WFkXz*7B
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The evaluation of internal control systems gQ?k}D
对内部控制系统的评估 ~ e"^-x
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Tests of control &]euN~y
控制测试 ecHy. 7H
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) #zXDh3%]a
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) Bq!P.%6p4
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. EgY]U1{
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 EU+sTe >
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4.Audit evidence dlWw=^
审计证据 #C
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence +`[$w<I
获取足够、适当的审计证据 Ki' EO$
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations SQeQ"k|P%
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 :g,r l\S7
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The audit of specific items Fc=8Qt^
审计的具体项目 $/D@=Pkc
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Receivables: confirmation 8^^al!0K~
应收帐款:确认 Ad"::&&Wk
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties ^=t yf&"
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 GxvVh71zP
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation P$!Ht
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 'n=FBu^
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation
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银行存款和现金:银行的确认 ^wX_@?aKtt
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Auditing sampling 0S' EnmG
审计抽样 >LW9$[H
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5.Review v.\&gn