1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 <mc[-To ^ftZ{uA Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance |4i,Vkfhe 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 -4JdKO =sP6 Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors :B=p%C 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 %^=fjJGV{~ fN8|4 Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion K%
<Z"2!+ 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 ?Rl?Pp=> 8VLr*83~8 Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior <R:KR(bT 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 V*U7-{ *a u OEFb Engagement letter A"V3g`dP 约定书(委托书) Ed|7E_v 47"ERfP 2. Planning and risk assessment HFwT
规划和风险评估 g eaeOERc '}c0:,5 General principles bQk5R._got 一般原则 S:] w@$ l_LfV ON Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism #(
@dN+ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 T7YzO,b/
kImGSIJ Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 17G7r\iNYq 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 Dyp'a 0Bn$C,- Risk-based approach n<7#?X7 基于风险的办法 =o=)EU{~ /Mf45U< Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business uJG^>B?`b 了解商业的实质和知识 ||7r'Q
B$Jn|J"/6 Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud pTmG\w
A~$ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 t09,X *#EyfMz-B Materiality (level), tolerable error mxjY-Kq 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 (~{7 e/)r E/_=0t Analytical procedures 2o/}GIKj 分析程序 2P9h x5PiV Zx5vIm Planning an audit R\yw9!ESd 规划审计工作 xYRL4 G\TyXq_4 Audit documentation: working papers %@*diJ 审计文件:工作底稿 sl%B-;@I yq[C?N &N The work of others &nj@t>5Bs$ 其他机构的文件 &cDnZ3Q; t,R5FoV Rely on the work of experts 4|J
y] 依靠专家的工作 oHu0] XA W;IvR Rely on the work of internal audit ~z>2`^Z" 依靠内部审计工作 y{K~g<VL m+DkO{8F 3. Internal control W
32mAz; 内部控制 ^`=Z=C$fj )R{4"&&2 The evaluation of internal control systems J_U1eSz<j 对内部控制系统的评估 r
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- u Tests of control 1NN99^q 控制测试 ^5u} _V6;`{$WK Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) GC$Hp!H 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) @?*26}qp sP5PYNspA Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. Y.F:1<FAtf 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 E[2c`XFd8 #i.M-6SRd <8r%_ '] 4.Audit evidence wp.<}=|u 审计证据 ,+,""t #12PO q Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence +n^$4f 获取足够、适当的审计证据 Lc+wS@ K!HSQ,AC Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations gGe `w 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 W?F+QmD 292e0cE The audit of specific items lXW.G 审计的具体项目 }I,]"0b 2HkP$;lED Receivables: confirmation cRT@Cu 应收帐款:确认 6BLw 4m=h fX#Em'Ab[ Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties #Cvjv;
QwY 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 }LDDm/$^} hUB_[#8# Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation noOG$P# 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 7DKbuUK Sk
p&W*Ai Bank and cash: bank confirmation ui YZk3 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 5RI"gf VoWlBH Auditing sampling E]6;nY? 审计抽样 2^Q)~sSf9 sR+=<u1 5.Review
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x} 复核 zg0)9br @FdtM<X Subsequent events C:0Ra^i ?L 随后发生的事件 >q[ (UV j2=jD G DZilK: /b@8#px ~*- eL. Going concern
xuv%mjQ 持续关注 ,N?~je. V[5-A $ft Management representations j0Kj> 与管理层的交涉沟通 I|n<B"Q6^ #
0dN!l; Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences t(/e~w 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异
MHpPb{^ *y='0)[BD #K"jtAm 6. Reporting w(eAmN:zR 报告 ZXFM_>y5 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com )d2 <;c Appendix gieTkZ 附录 [C,<Q Audit procedure C~yfuPr\B 审计程序 Zq}w}v