1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 C CLfvex
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 38<~R
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 >\RDQ%z
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ^Kb9@lz/
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 LRhP7D+A
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion sb8z_3
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 <XU8a:w'T
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior Hf!9`R[
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 nomu$|I
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Engagement letter {hlT`K
约定书(委托书) 5?<|3
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2. Planning and risk assessment D!81(}p
规划和风险评估 g%@]z8L
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General principles `;zu1o
一般原则 e5]&1^+
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism d#X&Fi
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ]C9%]`
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk >#Grf)@"6
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 uzat."`d'
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Risk-based approach +&&MUT{
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基于风险的办法 PPuXas?i
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business P_:?}h\
了解商业的实质和知识 _OyP>|L'
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud +An![1N,
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 E.5
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Materiality (level), tolerable error "jkw8UVz
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 N3S,33
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Analytical procedures *SMoodFBS
分析程序 5~<a>>
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Planning an audit Zu [?'
规划审计工作 p``;!3~~
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Audit documentation: working papers 5 b#"
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审计文件:工作底稿 v4Fnh`{
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The work of others V29S*
其他机构的文件 .:|#9%5
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Rely on the work of experts ((hJmaq
依靠专家的工作 Le#E! sU
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Rely on the work of internal audit a?xq*|?
依靠内部审计工作 sJjl)Qs)T
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3. Internal control l9ch
内部控制 1o5Y9#7
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The evaluation of internal control systems 8g2-8pa{
对内部控制系统的评估 99+/W*C
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Tests of control #%=vy\r
控制测试 M~g~LhsF
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) P*"AtZuY]
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 2A18hP`^
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. >w]k3MC
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 YCLD!S/?
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4.Audit evidence Fh!!
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审计证据 Oa_o"p<Lr
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence OV@h$fg
获取足够、适当的审计证据 7&;jje[
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations
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财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 uX5--o=C
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The audit of specific items luxKgcU
审计的具体项目 >-tH&X^
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Receivables: confirmation =Gg)GSL^
应收帐款:确认 @)ju
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties (=3&