1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 i$XT Qr0K=
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance idY
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物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 m=D9V-P
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors n6#z{,W<3
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 xPP]Ro PR
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion tjcG^m}
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意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 X->` ~-aj
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior NrfAr}v'E
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 ?q}:ojrs1
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Engagement letter dY.NQ1@"
约定书(委托书) k$w#:Sx
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2. Planning and risk assessment =nG>aAG
规划和风险评估 _/h<4G6A
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General principles c- "#
一般原则 '2ACZcjDSv
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism uB+:sX-L
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 Kq}-)
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk y6 gaoj
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 !'kr:r}gg
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Risk-based approach ;~Q`TWC
基于风险的办法 MZdj!(hO
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business V_jGL<X|
了解商业的实质和知识 5_4=(?<
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud He}"e&K
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 hGU 3DKHT
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Materiality (level), tolerable error ~R~MC(5N[
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 Ksvk5r&y
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Analytical procedures a*!9RQ
分析程序 9K=K,6
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Planning an audit K,@} 'N
规划审计工作 \};
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Audit documentation: working papers !+n'0{
审计文件:工作底稿 9oj0X>| 1
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The work of others N'I9J?e Q
其他机构的文件 vW5
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Rely on the work of experts <P-AlHYV-
依靠专家的工作 XZj3x',;
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Rely on the work of internal audit HK`r9frn
依靠内部审计工作 DN|+d{^lN
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3. Internal control =T#?:J#a
内部控制 hGo/Ve+@
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The evaluation of internal control systems Gc<^b
对内部控制系统的评估 %m "9 =C
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Tests of control s~
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控制测试 rz5@E
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) +"PME1
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) {1'M76T
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 4&H&zST//m
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 +A2}@k
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4.Audit evidence 9zaSA,}
审计证据 3OJGBiDAr
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence h BzZJ/jn
获取足够、适当的审计证据 3+V.9TL'a
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 6x@4gPy[
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 Gvquv\
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