1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 MD*dq
:5['V#(o Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance a'`?kBK7`U 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 { =\Fc`74 Y+o\?|q-E Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors Gov.;
hy 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职
V%)Tu{L p!~1~q6 Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion @e& 0Wk 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 9J~\.:jH- kMK0|+ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior *`|xa@1v` 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 sa&`CEa n*Dn{ 7v#z Engagement letter G@`ZDn 约定书(委托书) zd)QCq
K,JK9)T 2. Planning and risk assessment x;sc?5_` 规划和风险评估 4;W{#jk
FF#+d~$z General principles w3"L5;oH 一般原则 (X
Oz0.W P[-do Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism MoQ\~/Z| 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 WR`NISSp \'<P~I&p Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk !4cY^4>o 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 <&3aP} ~,ozhj0f/ Risk-based approach 8!cHRtqK 基于风险的办法 9PACXW0 a;^lOU|L{ Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business i7 21(1 了解商业的实质和知识 me{u~9& A6
.wXv, Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud UKZ)Bo
o 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 [FrLxU 8Z_ 4%vUBg Materiality (level), tolerable error 9&uf
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 pqb`g@ d@1^U9sf Analytical procedures enZZ+|h 分析程序 p/RT*?< ZZZ9C#hK^9 Planning an audit ,OubKcNg 规划审计工作 a*LfT<hmU3 DpvHIE:W Audit documentation: working papers &Jb\}c} 审计文件:工作底稿 K0_gMi+bR GF8wKx#J The work of others K)wWqC. 其他机构的文件 T]Ai{@i ls&H oJ7 Rely on the work of experts OqDP{X: 依靠专家的工作 7L6L{~8
W A]5];c Rely on the work of internal audit R'z
i#FeP 依靠内部审计工作 JffaT_"\ 0QW=2rs 3. Internal control &Q;sbI} 内部控制 ~=iH*AQR prN+{N8YC The evaluation of internal control systems fV5$[CL1 对内部控制系统的评估 [RN]?,
7+hF1eoI Tests of control *j&)=8Y| 控制测试 dH;2OWM uOeal^uS Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 9QLG:(~; 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 4F
G0'J&hw vVw@^7U Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 1<73uR&b% 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 oV0 45G E5)0YYjHZ l#1#3F 4.Audit evidence e9RYk:O 审计证据 NT.#U?9c !pw)sO~ Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence &`v?oN9$ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 l;@+=uVDHm g,EDE6`8 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations F[Mwd &P@ 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 bA#9'Qu^j
rf%lhBv The audit of specific items >h;]rMD!| 审计的具体项目 j\~,Gtn>Z o4WQA"VxM Receivables: confirmation yiC7)= 应收帐款:确认 Dk^AnMx%_ 5kTs7zJ^ Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties G/Sp/I<d 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 FUI*nkZY ^g vTc+| Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation ~>u|7M$( 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 "Mj#P9 )^{}ov Bank and cash: bank confirmation d'ZNp2L 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 "Esl I #Z2'Y[@. Auditing sampling vnvpb!
@Q 审计抽样 $YEm(:v$ K9k!P8Rd 5.Review
~ h3G}EH 复核 "Bf8mEmp -t|/g5.w_ Subsequent events 3Xu|hkK\e 随后发生的事件 MZ,1 mR 8eS(gKD `w:kY9
JpfA+r BjvQ6M{Y"+ Going concern Z\CvaX 持续关注 Deh3Dtg/k ?lsK?>uU
Management representations IHO*%3mA/ 与管理层的交涉沟通 ct3i^,i a(A~S u97 Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences Jh
E C 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异
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`;6M|5G 6. Reporting Z?'CS|ud 报告 Ol }5ry 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com hI86WP9* Appendix ;pW8a? 附录 nd8<*ru$ Audit procedure _
l`F}v 审计程序 p<r<Y%