1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 D
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^=k{~ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance _y>}#6B 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 =w6}\ 'X q=njKC Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors Ym'7vW#~ 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 +uELTHH= p/N 62G Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion ZlrhC= 0 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 0F1u W>D1 `T=1<Tw c Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior #J\s%60pt 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 |f<9miNu E.9^&E}PG Engagement letter b )Tl* 约定书(委托书) RYH)AS4w' KYf;_
C,$ 2. Planning and risk assessment Mo_$b8i 规划和风险评估 y[7C% Wj >{b3>s~T General principles :b5XKv^ 一般原则 l**3%cTb 4j^bpfb, Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism vnL?O8`c 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 D!S8oKW 7u|%^Ao6 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ,aWCiu} 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ?]5Ix1 $D}"k!H Risk-based approach ~~@y_e[N#l 基于风险的办法 j-QGOuvW
{U^j&E Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business Wa<-AZnh 了解商业的实质和知识 8A!'I<S1 wh*:\_!0\ Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud c`ftd>] 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 L@?e:*h %7
/,m Materiality (level), tolerable error B>, A(X& 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 {l@WCR 0X#+#[W Analytical procedures AJdp6@O+ 分析程序 m2Q$+p@ \+9;!VWhl Planning an audit z-I|h~ii 规划审计工作 pjdo| @+E7w6>% Audit documentation: working papers L0xsazX:x 审计文件:工作底稿 ~3d*b
8 )T/J The work of others cf\&No?-p 其他机构的文件 x%pRDytA v1h.pbz`w Rely on the work of experts bJPJ.+G7 依靠专家的工作 f7
wmw2 9$wAm89 Rely on the work of internal audit sjn:O' 依靠内部审计工作 ^obC4( E>"8/ 3. Internal control 5D
L,U(Y 内部控制 #"<?_fao~ XfDX:b1p
The evaluation of internal control systems ZJvo9!DL|
对内部控制系统的评估 ) $J7sa 1fR P1 Tests of control ,Y-S( 控制测试 #2N_/J(U *E7R(#,yC Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) Sz)b7: 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度)
|Qr:!MA r>O|L%xpv Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. (kY@7)d'e 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 YD9!=a$ TL'0
T,Jo &Sa~/!M 4.Audit evidence =JxFp,
Xr 审计证据 a%*_2# 7"a4/e;^ Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence zofx+g\(W 获取足够、适当的审计证据 e=L*&X V:>`*tlh Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations He<;4?: 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 M $uf:+F JnHNkCaU The audit of specific items N%u 审计的具体项目 Yv=g^tw [T]Bf o Receivables: confirmation SBL+e]P 应收帐款:确认 |6*Va%LYO- A_F0\ EN* Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties 7>mhK7l 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 D2]ZMDL. K~3Ebr Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation &F`L}#oL& 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 ^RDU
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aTf~ Bank and cash: bank confirmation cm,4&x6 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 uY]T:UVk QTE:K? Auditing sampling IM]h*YV' 审计抽样 v2=/[E@ LD_M 3
P 5.Review
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HB 复核 HzEGq,. 3.FR C Subsequent events ONfyYM? 随后发生的事件 LuL$v+` ~j]dct7 I=5dYq4 l K:a3+k d &=NJ
Going concern gmDR{loX 持续关注 sZwZWD' X|Dpt2A= Management representations qK,V$l(4# 与管理层的交涉沟通 8JP6M!F# J'Gm7h{
Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences )mG0g@ qOK 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 4|=vxJ b}}y=zO|$ Bj8<@~bX:L 6. Reporting 9t0Cj/w} 报告 m_$JWv\|\ 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com dE GX3 - Appendix
sJv`fjf%8 附录 "qE {a>d Audit procedure :G0+;[?N 审计程序 {lMqcK