1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 P"W$ZX
D:'|poH Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance #B:J7&@fn 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 2qKo|'gL` orf21N+ [ Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors & PrV+Lv 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 ya{vR*
'~ -QCo]:cp Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion j,eeQ
KH 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 Ta?#o Fgxh?Wd9 Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior V^nYG$si 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 wcP0PfY :^lyVQ%@ Engagement letter QsI#Ae,O#; 约定书(委托书) EaFd1 A_T-]YQ 2. Planning and risk assessment 0}hN/2}& 规划和风险评估 u].=b$wHHM ?mS798=f General principles A{\7HV 5 一般原则 PTIC2 ,%mTKOs Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism L 7_Mg{ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 IV_uf A,e/y Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk O\pqZ`E=s 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 (qlIQC b|n%l5
1 Risk-based approach Tz+2g&+
基于风险的办法 I>bLgt]u3 4z Af|Je Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business rAIX(2@cR_ 了解商业的实质和知识 g$kK)z f!e8xDfA Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud p9XHYf72 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 <|k!wfHL 2{!'L'km Materiality (level), tolerable error n99:2r_ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 f(
hK>H ?cCh?>h Analytical procedures rw8O<No4.o 分析程序 ,ZV<o!\ ~ygiKsD6b Planning an audit )Ac8'{Tq/ 规划审计工作 QE)I7( XJ?|\=] Audit documentation: working papers .}kUD]pW
审计文件:工作底稿 ?,]%V1(@V` X<K[`
=I The work of others U# Y?'3 : 其他机构的文件 f'\I52;FB %MU<S9k Rely on the work of experts
X&MO} 依靠专家的工作 !;pmql 4otB1{ Rely on the work of internal audit /8Bh 依靠内部审计工作 dP
T)& !sEI|47{ 3. Internal control R}llj$? 内部控制 3ypB~bNw 35) ]R`f The evaluation of internal control systems s) u{A 对内部控制系统的评估 :IV4]` D(Zux8l Tests of control ($7>\"+Tl 控制测试 RR{]^g51 ]x:>~0/L Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) }C"EkT!F 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) ETV|;>v hZY+dHa] Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. FlOKTY 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 YTL [z:k} %FT F -0YS$v%au> 4.Audit evidence U&C\5N] 审计证据 zu(/c z[0L?~$ Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence eqD%Qdx 获取足够、适当的审计证据 P-K\)65{Y 9Vxsv*OR, Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations m=z-}T5y!T 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 v[e$RH ?CA P8 _ The audit of specific items ppR~e*rv- 审计的具体项目 ^(V!vI* Itr yiU9 Receivables: confirmation ZL #4X*zT 应收帐款:确认 #?}k0Y @bmu4!"d Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties `XP]y= 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 $Etf'. 0h^upB#p Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation U;i:k%Bzy 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 MM|&B`v@; 2[[pd&MJZ Bank and cash: bank confirmation Z7JI4" 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 $f_;>f2N W~.1f1) Auditing sampling 6?+bi\6 审计抽样 [ k^6#TQcn {ogGi/8 5.Review
<6mXlK3N0 复核 &w*.S@ ; WUQ2[)< Subsequent events #PVgx9T=_ 随后发生的事件 &1F)/$,v Fb*^GH)J !R//"{k0? (jPN+yQ N1\u~%AT" Going concern g4=}]. 持续关注 U.crRrN F04`MY" Management representations isj<lnQ 与管理层的交涉沟通 .P# c/SQp i'L7t!f}o Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences O1JGv8Nr 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 8|d lt$ 7xVI,\qV -F4CHpua 6. Reporting qp"gD-,-o 报告 2"'0OQN0\ 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com |5F]y"Nb Appendix y{?
6U>_ 附录 \'GX^0yK Audit procedure 8/-GrdyE 审计程序 *;m5^i<,;S