1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计
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([dd)QU Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance W
H/.h$ 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 (;},~( 2B OpEH4X.Z Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ()?83Xj[c 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 z m$Sw0#( ~EPVu Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion !
I0xq" 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 SULFAf
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z~rG Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior 5z!$=SFz 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 R;c9)>8L ^0OP&s;" Engagement letter \}?X5X> 约定书(委托书) S
*V}1</L L!If~6oD( 2. Planning and risk assessment sE6>JaH 规划和风险评估 #Or;"}P>fB S-7&$n General principles /D3{EjUE= 一般原则 jRS{7rx%MH T+F]hv' Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism f|~ {j(.v 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 k~"Eh]38 P.,U>m Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk
yQD>7%x 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 w>&*-}XX gVOAB-nw Risk-based approach 9_?xAJ 基于风险的办法 6(f'P_* .+/d08] Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business J{1H$[W~} 了解商业的实质和知识 -V|"T+U ;mG*Rad Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud x?+w8jSR 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 V}#X'~Ob (?na|yd Materiality (level), tolerable error kO}&Oi,? 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 LKu\M h| W-=6:y#A Analytical procedures :hX[8u 分析程序 tX{yR'Qhu USz~l7Xs Planning an audit ,RV
qYh(-| 规划审计工作 N7+L@CC6T "d_wu#fO) Audit documentation: working papers 8Y?M:^f~ 审计文件:工作底稿 ,t
wx4r^ !mmMAsd, The work of others J,2V&WuV0r 其他机构的文件 "+F'WCJ-(* MEiP&=gX! Rely on the work of experts lir=0oq< 依靠专家的工作 Pb#M7=J/ ^}_Ka //k Rely on the work of internal audit >.iF,[.[F< 依靠内部审计工作 ~|V^IJZ22 Wh)D_ 3. Internal control hy5[
L`B 内部控制 &0F' Ca ]%' AZ`8 The evaluation of internal control systems +3)r
szb72 对内部控制系统的评估 <xOX+D |1U_5w Tests of control $F2Uv\7= 控制测试 =:-fK-d ')y2W1 Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) ^`&'u_B!+ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) P0m3IH) HEF
e? Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 5?kfE 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 .-KI,IU :!%V Sem ?Y( 4.Audit evidence HL38iXQ(
3 审计证据 gxv^=;2C z0[XI 7KK Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence b(Nv`'O 获取足够、适当的审计证据 e8F]m`{_" $TI^8 3 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations >HP
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H 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 R6+)&:Ab{R m8q4t,<J The audit of specific items u\]EG{w( 审计的具体项目 i5VZ,E^E pHV^Kv# Receivables: confirmation _%w680b' 应收帐款:确认 zJe KB8 {M]_]L{&7 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties bdg6B7%Q 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 PsC")JS 2Y
vr|] \8 Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation A~?M`L>B 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 `JySuP2~/ {q-&!l| Bank and cash: bank confirmation 8tj]@GE 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 e97G]XLR (bsx|8[ Auditing sampling m=dNJF 审计抽样 Y{YbKKM M3(N!xT 5.Review
BI1M(d#1L" 复核 77P\:xc i}-uK,^ Subsequent events a>wCBkD
随后发生的事件 3Z!%td5n Z>hTL_|]a{ 8Zr;n`~ &@0~]\,D7 Q_5l.M/9] Going concern
<!OBpAq 持续关注 o`bch?] M<vPE4TIr* Management representations qE[S>/R" 与管理层的交涉沟通 WR;1 K@JZ$ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences FY1iY/\Cn 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 9]4Q@% Y|>dS8f;4 F-
&tSU, 6. Reporting OUX7
*_ 报告 hlzB
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"wJY Appendix ,;k+n) 附录 Pvxb6\G&d Audit procedure [9m3@Yd' 审计程序 |Y9>kXM l