1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 `L1,JE`
q XS<>0YM Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 3JazQU 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 STKL bcIae0LZ Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ts]e M1; 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 lExQp2E KE?t?p Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 05UN
<l] 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 ?K1B^M=8 8}/DD^M Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior Vk5Z[w a 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 ep
>!jMhJa {Jr1K, Engagement letter "ra$x2|=} 约定书(委托书) ('J/Ww< rPxRGoR 2. Planning and risk assessment `/|
*u 规划和风险评估 RTtKf i} pEyZH!W General principles ?hoOSur+ 一般原则 ,p2UshOmd _,3ljf?WQM Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism _H] \ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 1"
'3/MFQ8 JsaXI:%1 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk q^X7x_ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 4jT6h9% d0J/"< Risk-based approach 8$FH;= 基于风险的办法 mF~T
?L" '|yx B') Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business S"bN9?;#u 了解商业的实质和知识 jkeerU6 G?Et$r7:R Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud y<`5 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 )"x6V""Rb )W\)
37=. Materiality (level), tolerable error lg^'/8^f 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 U32$9" nnlj# Analytical procedures &61U1"&$ R 分析程序 |3$Ew. F`=p/IAJK Planning an audit FvT&nb{ 规划审计工作
e=]SIR()` ss^a=?~ Audit documentation: working papers ammi4k/ 审计文件:工作底稿 vG |!d+ +%5 L2/n7 The work of others =<\22d5L 其他机构的文件 }:$cK
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w;Wud'*< Rely on the work of experts Lg4|6.Ez|P 依靠专家的工作
lKbWQ> VuLb9Kn Rely on the work of internal audit =7!s8D,[ 依靠内部审计工作 74^v('-2 @ZEBtM%.O 3. Internal control *%uz LW0 内部控制 Z% +$<
J 2gWR2 H@ The evaluation of internal control systems q<AnWNheE 对内部控制系统的评估 *QK)
1Y1W !vX4_!% Tests of control , ['}9:f9 控制测试 [$3+5K# tPy
k^NJ; Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 8W3zrnc 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) # epP~J_f :N8n6)#1= Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. D:`Q\za 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 3ynkf77cn .2I?^w&j+ _'D(>e? 4.Audit evidence $f@YQN= 审计证据 %9YY \a { NuOA'e+i Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence Xg~9<BGsi 获取足够、适当的审计证据 ?HG[N7=j L|1,/h
8p Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations +~n:*\ 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 (wj:Gc cvcZ\y The audit of specific items
$9%F1:u 审计的具体项目 !B`z|# H*]Vs=1 Receivables: confirmation #cQ5-R-1 应收帐款:确认 9L$OSy| #91^1jyMf Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties S(@kdL 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 b5MBzFw O=__w *< Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation cfmLErkp 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 _DxHJl s.4+5rE Bank and cash: bank confirmation 20I`F>-* 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 zS:2?VXxq s AFn.W Auditing sampling /<_!Gz.@uG 审计抽样 +-tFg XG b |:Y3_> 5.Review
nlpEkq 复核 aV5M}:D ]RAh['u| Subsequent events _Q:z -si 随后发生的事件 7 "eK<qJ =rymd3/ xJZaV!N| N]FRL\K g} !{_z Going concern C u` 持续关注 ]
Y?Y$> ~!ooIwNNz Management representations W=HvMD 与管理层的交涉沟通 ^EiU> A6[FH\f Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences n*"r!&Dg 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 2|x
!~e. }E ]l4N2 ;8oe-xS\+ 6. Reporting pO *[~yq5 报告 L\UPM+tE 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com ~AjPa}@ f Appendix s,r|p@^ 附录
c\n_[r Audit procedure U;/2\Ii 审计程序 L ~'98C