1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 f(!:_!m* .<566g}VP Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance $K>'aI;|
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 |n3fAN eFS;+?bu Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors INqD(EG 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 p'z
fo! Lpd q^X Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 'z7,)Q&8 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 E uxD,( >5-z"f Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior qE?*:$ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 ]pr( hk W,dqk=n Engagement letter _tDSG] 约定书(委托书) HLm6BtE 0.C[/ u[ 2. Planning and risk assessment @)=\q`vV 规划和风险评估 v
&6I\1 e<o{3*%p) General principles ?EQ]f34 一般原则 VsEMF i= X:Z4QqT Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism %_Gc9SI 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 KY 085Fvs sbn|D\p Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk x[l_dmq 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ?IgM=@ L-Qc[L Risk-based approach OSACH0h 基于风险的办法 B>sSl1opI T=Q"|S]V Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business ? t<yk(q 了解商业的实质和知识 =_~bSEqyRI 06pEA.ro Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud 5n,?&+*L 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 #mu3`,9V :f<:>"< Materiality (level), tolerable error &ru2&Sz 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 +b@KS"3h :: IAXGH) Analytical procedures Z,~Bz@5`" 分析程序 x[XN;W& 1=Npq=d Planning an audit *$+k-BV 规划审计工作 <X]'": ^f][;>c Audit documentation: working papers
sXe=4`O 审计文件:工作底稿 [!Uzw2 MP"Pqt The work of others {[B^~Y>Lr 其他机构的文件 U Px7u%Do P]V/<8o.53 Rely on the work of experts C'5b)0km 依靠专家的工作 3O % u? ,c3gW2E Rely on the work of internal audit /;P* ? 依靠内部审计工作 @N^?I*|u & !0 [T
3. Internal control 2Cy">Exl 内部控制 w.v yEU^ VL6_in( The evaluation of internal control systems J*4byu| 对内部控制系统的评估 g+CTF67 B_Qi Tests of control z +NxO!y 控制测试 FUy!j|W6f h$\+r< Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) v(Vm:oK, 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) [+7 Nu #fT1\1[] Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 8&d s 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 &+"-'7 >
b^|SL rID_^g_tP8 4.Audit evidence V*
:Q~
^ 审计证据 TF0DQP `8 Q3=^)3 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence |n9q4*dN 获取足够、适当的审计证据 h5@v:4Jjo~ R
2.y=P8N Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations \TchRSe 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 F|Y}X|x8Q J2tD).G The audit of specific items Xgq-r $O2X 审计的具体项目 ;;6e
t/8 xw1@&QwM Receivables: confirmation oXKH,r 应收帐款:确认 M
mihWD02 P1\:hh Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties -wA^ao 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 D I`
M bKAR}JM& Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation H2EKr#(
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 [X9s\H j?eWh#[K" Bank and cash: bank confirmation =aL=SC+ 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 4KO2oIR )Fa6'M Auditing sampling 49/j9#hr 审计抽样 -;VKtBXP</ \W^+aNbv=8 5.Review
S`N_}, 复核 FNQR sNi PP+-D~r`} Subsequent events N.j?: 随后发生的事件 BK+(Uf;g f;Cu@z{b ="M7F0k /CXrxeo _b ~XBn Going concern E~k_4z%M 持续关注 xt{f+c@P n_8wYiBs( Management representations NrC(.*?m 与管理层的交涉沟通 Stq
[[S5P Dg:2*m_!j{ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences ;p$KM-?2D 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 OJ2O?Te8 wK0= I\WN9 +N~?_5lv\s 6. Reporting )isJ^ *6y 报告 hM":?Rx 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com oH[4<K> Appendix xlJ8n+ 附录 \|OW`7Q)k Audit procedure g91X*$`] 审计程序 =f4v: j}'|