1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 b
+b]., 6ZvGD}/ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance F3)w('h9c 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 >;wh0dBe e`]x?t<U4/ Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors UNK}!>HD 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 [S Jx\Os Y52f8qQq Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 94uAt&&b( 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 }
O:Y?Wq^ EV=/'f[++ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior JU>F&g/| 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 zDakl*
tk]>\}% Engagement letter qYba%g9RN( 约定书(委托书) !>E$2}Q|] d8N{sT 2. Planning and risk assessment l$1
] 规划和风险评估 WdtZ{H GXk]u General principles Sbzx7 *X 一般原则 h*X5Oh6 K9\r2w'T' Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism ;T-`~ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作
zCz"[9k 3Gk\3iU! Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk o5h*s
Q9 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 h#:_GNuF lf`" (:./ Risk-based approach
dbe\ YE 基于风险的办法 kleE\8_ IuV7~w Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business _P}wO8 了解商业的实质和知识 {JGXdp:SB 7T69tQZ< Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ;Q.'u 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 QgF2f/;! u{J\X$] Materiality (level), tolerable error f%[0}.wp 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 }5b
,u6 rbw~Ml0 Analytical procedures /mK."5-cm 分析程序 ~rfUqM]I *8% nbR Planning an audit e'dx
Y( 规划审计工作 }q?*13iy( Tebu?bj Audit documentation: working papers z
k m#w 审计文件:工作底稿 2Q;g|*] wn Q% 'Eo The work of others 7W.z
8>p 其他机构的文件 ./qbWr`L #&sw%CD Rely on the work of experts P[K42mm 依靠专家的工作 ?910ki_ oK@_
Rely on the work of internal audit UA3!28Y&E3 依靠内部审计工作 Q=u [j|0mc $aC%&&+wG 3. Internal control {>h,@ 内部控制 ]|8*l]o
c FT;I|+H*P The evaluation of internal control systems nd)`G$gL 对内部控制系统的评估 `st^i$A _m@+d>f_ Tests of control 2{A/Fbk 控制测试 lz:+y/+1 tSX,*cz Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) _]Y9Eoz 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) OI)U c . K<vb4!9Z9 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 5?HoCz]l 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 -Gj."ks O_P8OA#| lEC91:Jyt 4.Audit evidence 1Q!^%{Y; 审计证据 +![\7 4"et4Y7 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence F* _ytL 获取足够、适当的审计证据 \Lz4ZZjSY |IZFWZd Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations #eY?6Kjn 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 }&Ul(HR !{S HlS The audit of specific items BDcA_=^R& 审计的具体项目 !=p^@N7 !glGW[r/7 Receivables: confirmation &\5%C\0Z< 应收帐款:确认 l~#%j( Yo 1z-Q~m@@ Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties iX6'3\Q3A 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 qwvch^?>FQ t@+z r3 Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation zuYz"-
(L 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 pP*`b<|
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"=Y Bank and cash: bank confirmation MuP&m{ 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 JU!vVA_ mApl}I Auditing sampling 6B&ERdoX 审计抽样 qVr?st (R^Ca7F 5.Review
HyJ&;4rf 复核 Y/`*t(/5 R zn%!d^$> Subsequent events 8+8P{_ 随后发生的事件 ;oJCV"y6$ u= ydX f1RX`rXf 9RnXp&w ,H:{twc Going concern h%!N!\ 持续关注 y R_x:,|g OO-b*\QW Management representations X.)D"+xnH 与管理层的交涉沟通 1'YksuYx6f V"W)u#4, Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences k%h%mz 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 w<G'gi] B$&&'i%
Qh!h "] 6. Reporting wf
/DLAC 报告 #(o( p 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com O`2hTY\ Appendix Fa9gr/.F,@ 附录 b(?A^a Audit procedure 5}he)2*uD 审计程序 F'3-*>]P