1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 IQ2<Pinv
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance pxDZ}4mOh
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 V!]e#QH;
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors Br-y`s~cP
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 Jv7 @[<$
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 3'1O}xO
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 {oz04KGsH
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior 'y'>0'et
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 mUnnk`v
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Engagement letter YdC:P#
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约定书(委托书) B<:i[~`7t
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2. Planning and risk assessment H26j]kY
规划和风险评估 0Apvuf1
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General principles ?;^_%XSQ*
一般原则 QD\S E
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism ap;*qiNFQ
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 |$bZO`^
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk [DjdR_9*I
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 XUW~8P
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Risk-based approach jZm1.{[>
基于风险的办法 x`C;
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business HQf[T@
了解商业的实质和知识 {H"gp?Z-
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud .lTGFeJqZ4
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ?P"ht
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Materiality (level), tolerable error {d^&$
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重要性(级别),可容忍误差 0m*0I>
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Analytical procedures Zu~ #d)l3N
分析程序 )O2^?Q quS
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Planning an audit vQBfT% &Q-
规划审计工作 F Fg0}
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Audit documentation: working papers L$(W*
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审计文件:工作底稿 IybMO5Mwn
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The work of others <niHJ
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其他机构的文件 HESwz{eSS
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Rely on the work of experts Fnll&TF
依靠专家的工作 nM}X1^PiK"
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Rely on the work of internal audit Gi;eDrgj~
依靠内部审计工作 -Frx {3
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3. Internal control yt_?4Hc"
内部控制 W0gaOew(^
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The evaluation of internal control systems 6S`eN\s
对内部控制系统的评估 7CwG(c/5
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Tests of control $C^94$W
控制测试 ]u2!)vZh'
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) hnG'L*HooE
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) Pf@8C{I
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. trgj]|?M
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ULQ*cW&;?
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4.Audit evidence oD!72W_:
审计证据 ,v)@&1Wh:
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence $&lS7}
获取足够、适当的审计证据 *,pG4kh!
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations })T_D\2M
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 B6=8cf"i
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The audit of specific items qZA?M=NT?
审计的具体项目 roL~r`f`
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Receivables: confirmation 46
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应收帐款:确认 :5h&f
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties Pi)`[\{
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 N}\$i&Vi
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation e&]XiV'
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 g-')|0py
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation s u![ST(
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 JUwP<C[
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Auditing sampling QD /| zi
审计抽样 ("H:T?4Qs
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5.Review d \0K3=h
复核 m}F1sRkdQ
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Subsequent events qj/ 66ak
随后发生的事件 rmWG9&coW
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Going concern p&XbXg-
持续关注 inR8m 4c]P
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Management representations T[ky7\
与管理层的交涉沟通 "$
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Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences .}a@OLJd
审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 J+Y&