1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 ,ZzB#\ rL
!_&| Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance UX-_{I
QW 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 Zq\RNZ} :_{{PY0PK Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors cuV8#:
i 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 &;~2sEo
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Q`@$j,v Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion xN{"%>Mx 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 rm5T=fNJ uFm(R/V Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior TQOg~lH 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 S|RpA'n A}t&- Engagement letter bo~{<U
T 约定书(委托书) CN8@c!mB
xzMeKC` 2. Planning and risk assessment P/C+L[X= 规划和风险评估 Oet#wp/I !TV_dKa General principles jE?\Yv3 一般原则 QKUBh-QFK ?' ez.a} Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism =,>TpE 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 zDvP7hl 7 BnenHD Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk m>*A0&??[ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 </+%R"` M3jv aI Risk-based approach YvxMA# 基于风险的办法 1{ho
O<CJ Wd^F%)( Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business bCE7hutl 了解商业的实质和知识 |;U}'|6 Bp$+ F/ Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud U&]p!DV&; 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 tz0Ttu=xH v8U1uOR,% Materiality (level), tolerable error R+kZLOE 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 8}pcanPg >XXMIz: Analytical procedures V&4:nIS>z 分析程序 xT=kxyu t6h`WAZV Planning an audit <*r<+S 规划审计工作 Y|0-m#1F# |peMr# Audit documentation: working papers RaM#@D7 审计文件:工作底稿 {xBjEhQm ot>EnHfV The work of others m`yn9(1Y[ 其他机构的文件 e>vUkP y u7Y'3x,` Rely on the work of experts TOPPa?=vk 依靠专家的工作 {YKMQI^O/ Br ^rK}|l Rely on the work of internal audit ~&[P`
Z$ 依靠内部审计工作 PkCeV]`w <zDw&s2 3. Internal control Y?vm%t`K 内部控制 P8,{k 1$!RKqT The evaluation of internal control systems ap'kxOf"1 对内部控制系统的评估 L(1,W<kYg Er/5 , Tests of control @+CSY-g$ 控制测试 z$BnEd.y=: SAll9W
4 Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) g7 U:A0Z 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) +/>YH-P= zIQc#F6\5 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. \(>$mtS: 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 a]wcA |phWK^ #c)Ou!Ldb 4.Audit evidence WGG)
mh&- 审计证据 &!YH"{b 'y M:WcN Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence r4NT`&`g? 获取足够、适当的审计证据 3JE;:2O~P W] ;6u
Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations >'|xQjLl
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 t`1]U4s&I 4TQISu) The audit of specific items x&fCe{5 审计的具体项目 SQ
KY;p Ah>krE0t Receivables: confirmation [rQ(ae 应收帐款:确认 o&F.mYnqX iBiA0 W Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties zl#&Qm4Ot 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 Z
8dN0AqZ ]o+|jgkt] Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 9]F&Fz/G 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 3F'dT[; &|{,4V0%A Bank and cash: bank confirmation ccRk4x
R 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 0^lL,rC
WZ6{(`;#m Auditing sampling OI}HvgV^! 审计抽样 Dw ;vDK bSmaE7 5.Review
So 6cm|{ 复核 Jx9%8Ek iM/0Yp-v'> Subsequent events ,sJfMY 随后发生的事件 K<w5[E9V. k`~br249 (l P4D:X 0(g MR v8k^=A: Going concern pH:|G 持续关注 8v=47G |ShRxE3@' Management representations lg 与管理层的交涉沟通 fh)`kZDk @?=)}2=|?i Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences pbvEIa-Y4 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 e&4wwP"`< P~ZV:Of }0nB'0|y 6. Reporting 'C>S yU 报告 kZ[yv 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com Lm{ o=v
Appendix }Z?[Ut 附录 446hr zW>@ Audit procedure .F3LA6se 审计程序 %` [`I>