1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 j92+kq>Xd ^SS9BQ*m Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance }~#qDrK 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 2XeN E[ Y1BxRd?D Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 1+-F3ROP 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 v^ 1x} _$v$v$74^ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion x/ P\qI 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 1z3I^gI*i :5:_Dr< Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior =.9tRq 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 +:z%#D |mz0
] Engagement letter X<H+Z2d 约定书(委托书) *Oy%($' UZE%!OWpeK 2. Planning and risk assessment b~K-mjJI 规划和风险评估 1$"wN z [+:KIW< General principles >JN[5aus 一般原则 oXqx]@7 ?=?9a Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism %'dsb7n 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 G"
"=`@ |U="B4 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk |>nVp:t^ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 _?>f9K$1 ' @j8tK Risk-based approach
}$s._)a 基于风险的办法 *Rj*%S O7T wM Yh Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business ehls:)F 了解商业的实质和知识 1)=sbFtS imf_@_ Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud _{'HY+M 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 YQ<O.E WqRg/ Materiality (level), tolerable error q P>Gre 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 $`/J
V?Z _p=O*$b. Analytical procedures 4 5\%2un 分析程序 'B4j=K* HzF]hm, Planning an audit m.N/g, 规划审计工作 &`[Dl(W KcX] g*wy Audit documentation: working papers nA^UF_rD- 审计文件:工作底稿 Y vjRJ AW:WDNQh8n The work of others Y$?<y 其他机构的文件 n,N
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t iw^(3FcP@C Rely on the work of experts `l95I7 依靠专家的工作 efF>kcIC ByPzA\;e Rely on the work of internal audit 3?GEXO&,E 依靠内部审计工作 E`SFr j*jO809%^ 3. Internal control pV^hZ. 内部控制 YkLEK|d HLcK d`$/ The evaluation of internal control systems ZKa.MBde
对内部控制系统的评估 D0=H&Z[ n
AJ<@a Tests of control JY tM1d 控制测试 Yxt`Uvc(^h 0@ 9em~ Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) ye)CfP=ID\ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) )0JXUC e 7$7Y)&\5w Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. +<P%v k 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 DKfw8"L] -\!"Kz/ agFWye 4.Audit evidence )_nc;&%w 审计证据 VL/%D* j6KGri Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence p}NIZ)]$ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 K?q1I<94 }*4K]3et$ Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations T)ra>r<# 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 7usf^g[dh 8*^Q#;^~99 The audit of specific items )MZQ\8,)] 审计的具体项目 FU|c[u|z -$4#eG%3 Receivables: confirmation Yl+r>+^ 应收帐款:确认 nkp!kqJ09 u"\HBbBx Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties Y.qlY3iBp 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 .h2K$(/ $!<J_d* Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation .4"9o% 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 }F1|&
A UNJ]$x0 Bank and cash: bank confirmation ui,#AZQ#{4 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 m1X0stFRs" !tT$}?Ano Auditing sampling dD3I. ?DY 审计抽样 E3\O?+h# 37 wm[Z 5.Review
0.-2FHc9L 复核 2 fX-J 88
*K Subsequent events = !'gV:M 随后发生的事件 [{ak&{R,9{ Oc;0*v[I O1Gd_wDC/i zF'{{7o
qh/q< Going concern K4i#:7r'b 持续关注 ) w.cCDL c 1\q2;
5 Management representations AfG!(AF` 与管理层的交涉沟通 |*0oz= iq
'3.-xYr Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences W
:PGj0? 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 /H
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6. Reporting \.A~>=: 报告 A\Q]o#U 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com `wI<LTzXS Appendix ^{["]!f# 附录 Pq~"`-h7: Audit procedure &E$jAqc 审计程序 KE+y'j#C3