1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 sWavxh8A k}lx!Ck Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance |!!E5osXq 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 E 3I'3 &2xYG{Z Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors iU%Gvf^?'5 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 cC}s5` ]NFDE-Jz] Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion GV[%P 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 !%s7I^f* "BFW&<1 Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior (6h7 'r $ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 er#we
=h (ZEVbAY?i Engagement letter :>3&"T. 约定书(委托书) _)_XO92~ LWQ BGiJj 2. Planning and risk assessment iL,3g[g 规划和风险评估 b$$XriD] M9&tys[ KX General principles <}mT[;:" 一般原则 ]oya<C6pR e0$mu?wd- Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism _-!6@^+ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作
E,6E-9 #[[p/nAy}A Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk qFs<s<] 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 I^ >zr.zA njq-iU Risk-based approach sQ
)4kF&, 基于风险的办法 wcL0#[
) d.}rn"(z Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business ,3n}*"K 了解商业的实质和知识 "LxJPt\ n9J>y
ud| Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud _:K}DU
'6 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 {(q Un `q@~78` Materiality (level), tolerable error .N'UnKz 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 7>~iS@7GV ~%}g"|o Analytical procedures |n|2)hC 分析程序 lLDHx3+ $U0(%lIU Planning an audit A+}4N%kh 规划审计工作 W
,U'hk% 3AL.UBj&} Audit documentation: working papers *AA1e}R{B 审计文件:工作底稿 (\I =v". &%bX&;ECzf The work of others Hb$q}1+y 其他机构的文件 g Q9ff, ""a8eB6 Rely on the work of experts *&PgDAQ 依靠专家的工作 c"$_V
[m 8xv\Zj + Rely on the work of internal audit %51pf uL 依靠内部审计工作 b7,qzh +OH."4Z 3. Internal control i~9)Hz;! 内部控制
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<f*0 XJ# The evaluation of internal control systems jl@8pO$ 对内部控制系统的评估 =@z"k'Vl` h
P1|l Tests of control cs5Xd 控制测试 hf-S6PEsM /PCQv_Y&,/ Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) o MAK[$k; 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) Pn#Lymxh_a ? c+; Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 6GN'rVr!Z 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 QM]^@2rK2 <>Im$N ai Cnr48ukq 4.Audit evidence A^7!+1*K+ 审计证据 H:_`]X" 5 9vGLN!L Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence FN
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: 获取足够、适当的审计证据 EGt)tI& 72 6y/o Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 8HOmWQS 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 IW#(ICeb 4kM<L}J# The audit of specific items '$zFGq
}} 审计的具体项目 ^n]s}t}csV (`p(c;"*C! Receivables: confirmation !jbjrzv9 应收帐款:确认 fm*Hk57 Uww^Sq Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties `jHGNi 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 Vh8uE [ZbK)L+_ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation Q'VS]n 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 ||4Dtg
K 7`}z7nk Bank and cash: bank confirmation W#[!8d35$ 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 2~<0<^j/] :]s] =q&] Auditing sampling AL0Rn e N 审计抽样 2&m7pcls nM`) `!/ 5.Review
2YyZiOMSc 复核 F*4+7$E0B n3N"Ax Subsequent events ||V:',#,W 随后发生的事件 7yp*I[1Qf> ~ #CCRUhM E@FenCF vF&b|V+, W<Lrfo&=Y] Going concern CkU=0mcY 持续关注 q1y4B` hbeC|_+ Management representations sfa'\6=O 与管理层的交涉沟通 4lA+V,
# !UTJ) & Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences o__q)"^~- 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 {76! Sg-xm+iSDt V1.F`3h~ 6. Reporting B]7jg9/ 报告 *-_Npu6 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com &}O!l' Appendix %jkPrI 附录 e`r;`a& Audit procedure 9f\8oJQ 审计程序 @nu/0+8h{