1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 "ojD f3@{
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance n/-p;#R
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 4?*"7t3
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors <'4!G"_EP
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 eqUn8<<s
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion b3 %&
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 %unK8z
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior z}b U\3!
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 CSk
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Engagement letter ]5)&36
约定书(委托书) Q'Jpsmwu
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2. Planning and risk assessment BB73'W8y
规划和风险评估 N:gstp
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General principles BGh8 \2
一般原则 8L9S^ '
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism ReGO9}
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 MS*Mem,
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk (m =u;L"o
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ][$$
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Risk-based approach BUy}Rn
基于风险的办法 n4d(`
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business @l6dJ
了解商业的实质和知识 $Ln2O#
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud 0\ytBxL
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Nno={i1jk
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Materiality (level), tolerable error s)&R W#:X
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 [ Xo
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Analytical procedures !E>3N:
分析程序 #<V'gE
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Planning an audit ewff(e9
规划审计工作 $}h_EI6hS
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Audit documentation: working papers ()IgSj?,
审计文件:工作底稿 []fj~hj
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The work of others zZ"')+7q&%
其他机构的文件 :w`i
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Rely on the work of experts ~[X:twidkL
依靠专家的工作 -3XnK5
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Rely on the work of internal audit j~j
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依靠内部审计工作 '~
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3. Internal control "@<g'T0
内部控制 f*H}eu3/j
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The evaluation of internal control systems Zo6a_`)d
对内部控制系统的评估 'A@Oia1;{
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Tests of control 21J82M
控制测试 &7y1KwfXn
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) cngPc]?N
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) / z>8XM&
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. hdDI%3vk3
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 gmH0-W)=
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4.Audit evidence !~DkA7i 55
审计证据 ON=ley
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence $fpDABf
获取足够、适当的审计证据 j3'/jk]\
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations Y7I
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 Yy;1N{dbT
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The audit of specific items O*"wQ50Ou
审计的具体项目 `-e}:9~q
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Receivables: confirmation Gi_X+os
应收帐款:确认 ;Cpm3at
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties S^_yiV
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存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 c^UM(bW
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation X7!A(q+h
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 #3jZ7RqzQ
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation %ieAY-<"
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 (
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Auditing sampling C3Z(k}
审计抽样 !: [`
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5.Review C
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复核 z@LP9+?dE
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Subsequent events A}}t86T
随后发生的事件 BbhdGFG1
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