1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 dy N`9 |UZPn>F~ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance tX$%*Uy 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 YdX#` Z2~;u[0a[ Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors KywDp 37^ 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 zRN_`U eyBLgJt8P Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion !q=ej^(S 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 EpSVHD:* TV\21 Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior g+;m?VJ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 :"7V,UP
@ -twV?~f Engagement letter [U@#whE O 约定书(委托书) 0][PL%3Z ]u
4 2. Planning and risk assessment {%X /w'| 规划和风险评估 hd1(q3
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!P General principles /{
Lo0 一般原则 `VY -3 1.U5gW/3L Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism L^uO.eI"m 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 PCDsj_e E9TWLB5A)( Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk v?BX 4FO 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ^55#!/9 T<Y^V Risk-based approach If>k~aL7I 基于风险的办法 IOmQ1X7, d|CSWcU Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business %Ez= 了解商业的实质和知识 V`qHNM/t T(zERWo Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud 5D9I;L{ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 kaf4GME] $K>'aI;|
Materiality (level), tolerable error |n3fAN 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 {^zieP! ZZ
k6 @C Analytical procedures 1uBnU2E 分析程序 g>)&Q>}=W 8$9<z Planning an audit !j[Oyr| 规划审计工作 ={
P 0V6gNEAUg Audit documentation: working papers N9 @@n:JT 审计文件:工作底稿 dnt: U!TW@ 7\I,;swo The work of others %~Vgz(/ 其他机构的文件 gz8>uGx&V! [)UL}vAO\q Rely on the work of experts >8h14uCk 依靠专家的工作 ^-Ob($(\ MQ7d IUs Rely on the work of internal audit =yo?] ZS 依靠内部审计工作 ~5LlIpf36| L-Qc[L 3. Internal control ?/"Fwjau 内部控制 _"Yi>.{] ? t<yk(q The evaluation of internal control systems !9w3/Gthj 对内部控制系统的评估 #mu3`,9V rC
)pCC Tests of control >
Q[L,I 控制测试 ~1e?9D V`:iun^f Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) JAPiR= 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) \/=w\Tj ^yLiyR e\ Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. JG6"5:: 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 hH Kd+QpI #r{`Iv?nn >IZ|:lsxE 4.Audit evidence #a7 Wx} 审计证据 rqa?A}' Y\#+-E Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence q]PeS~PjF\ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 B,rpc\_ 4-ijuqjN Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations }~/u%vI@M5 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 *WS'C}T A\Ax5eeL The audit of specific items H# P)n
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M 审计的具体项目 9hoTxWpmy M? 7
CBqZ Receivables: confirmation (y^[k {# 应收帐款:确认 -TL `nGF ?r< F/$/ Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties .Y@)3 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 UD.&p'^ /{ i;+]Y Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation R
2.y=P8N 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 Z?XgY\(a(Q <qGVOAnz+ Bank and cash: bank confirmation 1rhEk|pGZ 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 2y_R05O0 /K+GM8rtE Auditing sampling z
xe6M~+ 审计抽样 s]=bg+v?j
RDFOUqS 5.Review
iEe<+Eyns 复核 ;0R|#9oX_ W.nQYH Subsequent events I@sXmC2$\ 随后发生的事件 QtF'x<cB pUTC~|j%: a?^xEye x{=@~c%eh 4KO2oIR Going concern I\8f`l 持续关注 L\O}q kaKV{;UM Management representations P:`tL)W_ 与管理层的交涉沟通 F0&BEJBkU ^M51@sXI7 Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences lQt&K1m 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 NTj: +z0 J~\`8cds d-cK`pSB 6. Reporting ss8de9T"' 报告 sE,Q:
@H5 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com fF~3"!1#\I Appendix wF@mHv 附录 \&|zD"* Audit procedure w-[A"M]I 审计程序 ^:c:~F6J