1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 b+6\JE^Mz E5xzy/ZQ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 4^~(Mh- Mw 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 p@5`&Em, _5# y06Q Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors '~&X wZ& 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 \6<=$vD C:C}5<fkx Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion Vq\`+&A 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 s1NKLt C=It* j55 Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior 87P>IO 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 4?7W+/~<& dA0.v+Foz" Engagement letter WDPb
!-VT 约定书(委托书) M)N?qRD EzV96+ 2. Planning and risk assessment db6b-Y{ 规划和风险评估 (Cd\G=PK PCM-i{6/ General principles O8u j`G 9 一般原则 PuT@}tw I@%t.%O Jp Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism .#Z%1U%P. 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 %$Z7x\_ ~ZhraSI)G Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk
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) 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 #+5pgD2C $lIz{ySJv Risk-based approach 'BPp ]R#{ 基于风险的办法 5sJJGv#6 CS-uNG6 Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business "4H
+!r} 了解商业的实质和知识 kg3EY<4i
ez^@NK Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud F\k+[`%{ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 *c*0PdV \":
m!K;Z Materiality (level), tolerable error ;u(<h?%e 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 J<maQ6p 9;Ox;;w Analytical procedures Upd3-2kr&J 分析程序 QxOjOKAG
Mo @C9Y0 Planning an audit Z->p1xkX 规划审计工作 *2Ht& :8+Ni d) Audit documentation: working papers ^__Dd)( 审计文件:工作底稿 ICkp$u^ aZ'Lx:)R The work of others P
gus42f% 其他机构的文件 !PJ 6%" 5qoSEI-m Rely on the work of experts dW~*e2n
q 依靠专家的工作 G\r?f& .Pw\~X3! Rely on the work of internal audit nMvKTH
依靠内部审计工作 p>;_e( yz*6W
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NVsn The evaluation of internal control systems
q^L<X) 对内部控制系统的评估 hQH nwr .h5[Q/*h Tests of control Bw64 控制测试 hq/k*; o b|BXF Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) (BfgwC) 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) tl'9IGlc u(t#Ze~Y1 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. _}VloiY 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ^=SD9V 15o?{=b[ [[Y0 4.Audit evidence Ch%m 审计证据 X'% ;B (S`2[.j Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence Bv.`R0e& 获取足够、适当的审计证据 k{$ ao %T9 sz4V Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations {Gw.l." 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 F]t(%{#W ]t*[%4 The audit of specific items (N=5.7"T 审计的具体项目 ]
0m&(9 F.=Bnw/- Receivables: confirmation S&Ee,((E( 应收帐款:确认 gzD@cx?V ]B]*/ Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties `TPOCxM Mo 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 ;h" P{fF R
&4Z*?S Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation fb:j%1WF 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 dG71*)<)t STw#lU) %( Bank and cash: bank confirmation ^3FE\V/=
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 F0UVo :C8$Xi_i} Auditing sampling D.6,VY H 审计抽样 dk<XzO~g Q\,o:ZU_ 5.Review
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复核 W|,V50K b(I2m Subsequent events `\6?WXk3T 随后发生的事件 I]y.8~xs y tf b$;| _:B1_rz7, c9nH}/I_ NAzX". g Going concern |s)?cpb 持续关注 a9?y`{%L cFF*Z=L_ Management representations EmT`YNuc 与管理层的交涉沟通 wB{;bB{ fn/7wO$! Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 3TZ*RPmFRm 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 |fY/i]
Ax oejfU;+$ ]}6w#)]" 6. Reporting b2b75}_A 报告 Mf#83<&K 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com o(Cey7 Appendix =60~UM 附录 ')$NfarQ. Audit procedure Q!FLR>8 审计程序 l@hjP1o