1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 d<)s@Ntgm EsNk<Ra Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance ]qF<Zw7 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 dnLo(<{<U 's/27=o Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors )<tzm'Rc 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 paUyS 1i *%]+sU Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion A1Ibx|K 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 U
&f#V=Rg @b>YkJDk Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior vJzx Py| 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 5!2J;.& <(ubZ Engagement letter fa/P%9db 约定书(委托书) e*6U |+kJ ]VmzKA|h+ 2. Planning and risk assessment 'G3+2hah 规划和风险评估 t
PAt? p}cd}@cQ6 General principles a'o}u,e5 一般原则 `8qT['`#R ,$ho2R),Fn Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism jw2_!D 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 QGu7D #%| 'bbV<?): Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk I>(;bNgNE 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 Jq=X!mTd. 1NB2y[ Risk-based approach IH*U!_ ` 基于风险的办法 H,01o5J vEX|Q\b6' Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 1
yxZ 了解商业的实质和知识 &
T5fH!?4 e@6RC bj Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud +6i7,U 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 0 m)-7@
\fkS_r, i Materiality (level), tolerable error QfKR
pnj(o 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 `bBfNI?3d* |8&\N Analytical procedures 1D3dYVE 分析程序 5( mCBH &/z+A{Hi Planning an audit m? ]zomP 规划审计工作 %5( EkP ;H D 4~3 Audit documentation: working papers {PP ^Rb) 审计文件:工作底稿 O?+tY
y? ~5XL@j I^ The work of others %N?W]vbra
其他机构的文件 dM>j<JC= G!
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iqG Rely on the work of experts jpPdjQ 依靠专家的工作 E.En$'BvB 6&/ Ew4 e Rely on the work of internal audit tk]_QX
% 依靠内部审计工作 BXKlO(7 ?Oe_}
jv; 3. Internal control bahc{ZC2 内部控制 J, (U<%n DkF@XK0c3 The evaluation of internal control systems T7WZ(y
3C 对内部控制系统的评估 k:(e79 ~{3o(gzl Tests of control 6qmo
ZAg 控制测试 4jq`No_ _7t|0aNo\ Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) [TpA26#TTO 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) tq4"QBIKh LRqw\fKk[ Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. p:
Q%Lg_I 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 8as$h*Wh x3p;H02i\ *cI6&;y 4.Audit evidence *h5ld P 审计证据 _dJVnC1 ! ->RF`SQu Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence KNUMz4 获取足够、适当的审计证据 q:D0$YY0 ozxK?AMgG Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations A{u\8-u 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 yC&b-y r~Is,.zZ} The audit of specific items y<Z#my$`|n 审计的具体项目 tSh}0N) u\Erta` Receivables: confirmation CoKj'jA 应收帐款:确认 zei9,^
C jP6oJcZ Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties BSq;RG( 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 h9)]N&07b LYxlo<f Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation ;?Y`e 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 d9Ow 2KrC a_}BTkfHa Bank and cash: bank confirmation GQ8Dj!8 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 Xj@
l52n/w#qFB Auditing sampling $M8>SLd 审计抽样 =+sIX3 v#YS`];B 5.Review
p;QX"2 复核 s+\qie *M\i4FO8 Subsequent events WriJco<v 随后发生的事件 =ty@xHr O]4
x;`) ~%!U,)- <=GzK:4L BBuYO$p Going concern KohQ6q 持续关注 rc{[\1 -N I5<#SW\a? Management representations ;?L[]Ezzt 与管理层的交涉沟通 .WPR}v,.Z w]P7!t Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences V2sB[Mw 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 Le$u$ulS 1 0Tg> H Xe^=(| M
6. Reporting (P52KD[A[ 报告 'I01F:` 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com JV6U0$g_S Appendix m^u&g&^ 附录 `] dx% Audit procedure OTjryJ^ 审计程序 ,I:m*.q