1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 SKSAriS~
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 9U9c"'g
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 :+
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors Ag#5.,B
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审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 _RaVnMJKX4
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion >9tkx/J
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 +z(,A
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior OpbT63@L
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 )fd-IYi-3
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Engagement letter udEb/7ZL
约定书(委托书) }8V;s-1
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2. Planning and risk assessment /i
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规划和风险评估 =!S@tuY
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General principles m>uI\OY{n
一般原则 0^!,[oh6*
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism UQ$\
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持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 dVVvG]
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ZU|V+yT
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 W-C0YU1
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Risk-based approach s;_#7x#
基于风险的办法 |P
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business D)*_{
了解商业的实质和知识 4('0f:9z+
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud XU;{28P
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 f=_Bx2ub
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Materiality (level), tolerable error (Y'UvZlM%P
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ^b"x|8
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Analytical procedures [I++>4
分析程序 kKxL04
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Planning an audit KMpDlit
规划审计工作 cy&
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Audit documentation: working papers (EOec5qXU
审计文件:工作底稿 GFQG(7G9
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The work of others w>z8c3Dq}
其他机构的文件 :\1rQT
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Rely on the work of experts f*|8n$%
依靠专家的工作 f
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Rely on the work of internal audit c6?c>*z
依靠内部审计工作
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3. Internal control HC9vc,Fp
内部控制 e-%7
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The evaluation of internal control systems dr,B\.|jC
对内部控制系统的评估 fXF=F,!t
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Tests of control uGuc._}=
控制测试 Z9J =vzsHE
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent)
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实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 0^<Skm27"
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. z&C{8aQ'
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 g)Vq5en*
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4.Audit evidence eEW roF
审计证据 f"ZqA'KB#
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence 6o[0sM_];
获取足够、适当的审计证据 eHVdZ'%x
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations XJ
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财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 @ 7Q*h
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The audit of specific items vpeq:h
审计的具体项目 x"(7t3xK
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Receivables: confirmation ;H7EB`
应收帐款:确认 wq:b j=j
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties l]a^"4L4`o
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 ILkjz^
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation "J]f0m=
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 ;x!,g5q"q
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation |uQn|"U4
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 .;<7424(%
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Auditing sampling ^Ei*M0fF
审计抽样 -{yDk$"
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5.Review ?dp-}3/G
复核 k1^V?O
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Subsequent events ax-=n (
随后发生的事件 F`YFo)W
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Going concern w"fCI13
持续关注 KcIc'G 9
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Management representations Nf=C?`L
与管理层的交涉沟通 W@:^aH
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Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences q1N4X7<_
审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 a='IT 5
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6. Reporting S9OxI$6Y
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