1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 dLG5yx\js F71.%p7C8" Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance c7'I'~ 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 P7<~S8)Y 7teg*M{ Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors rn U2EL 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 KYd2=P6 wQ@@|Cj4L Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion " ?n~ /9` 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 |Ax~zk; f GY. +W_ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior &nTB^MF
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 3x.|g "P'W@ Engagement letter [P,1UO|$B 约定书(委托书) pgfI1`h [u=b[( 2. Planning and risk assessment og!Uq]U/y 规划和风险评估 PtwE[YDu @R(6w{h9 General principles
|Zncr9b 一般原则 OT\[qaK "~N#Jqzr: Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism |'b=xeH.^< 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 f
\[Z`D Ga"$_DyM Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk f4CwyL6ur 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 HmAA?J} /|P&{
! Risk-based approach 7[ *,t 基于风险的办法 J*A<F'^F1 }vPDCUZ Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business {pm>F}Cwy 了解商业的实质和知识 /DJyNf* zf4@:GM` Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud +^{yJp.H# 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 =0MW+-
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!L Materiality (level), tolerable error &iId<.SiJ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 X+
h|sy J}nE,U2 Analytical procedures Nq"/:3@4 分析程序 Z~9\7QJn F]0O4p~fl Planning an audit `$fwLC3j 规划审计工作 /`Yp]l <._MNHC Audit documentation: working papers +i
!/J 审计文件:工作底稿 ?6; +.h\ BOoLs(p The work of others BI3Q~ADV 其他机构的文件 8~u#?xs6 ezY
_7 Rely on the work of experts r~si:?6: 依靠专家的工作 CY<,p$ 3;u* _ ]N_ Rely on the work of internal audit a.y_o50#T 依靠内部审计工作
pBG(%3PpW o=X6PoJN_ 3. Internal control YJ'h=!p}G 内部控制 EdhT;! 2fu|X#R The evaluation of internal control systems pkWzaf 对内部控制系统的评估 `Jq
?+W rLw,? Tests of control SYOND>E 控制测试 ?PO~$dUc]
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V Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) k+f!)7_ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) #Wey)DI loZJV M Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. kQxY"HD 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 N
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f+ogLa= [k ZvBd 4.Audit evidence )Fe-C 审计证据 ]s?BwLU6 #joGIw Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence G9TK)Nz 获取足够、适当的审计证据 + G#qS1 x JQde 4 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 3)^-A4~E 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 \Azl6`Em .3l'&".' The audit of specific items E5w.wx 审计的具体项目 ,^3e
Mn snT! 3t Receivables: confirmation X3NHQMI 应收帐款:确认 g7res ,3Y~ #{,i Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties -o#HO_9 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 8zP{Cmm lpQsmd# Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation ^a4 y+! 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 -9Wx;u4]o (D]l/akP Bank and cash: bank confirmation ,F`:4=H% 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 R?a)2jl US A!N Auditing sampling qOVs9'R 审计抽样 .?UK`O2Q aT$q1!U`j2 5.Review
9JV(}v5[ 复核
#"&h'V TBHIcX Subsequent events qcEiJ}- 随后发生的事件 _Il/ i& dPwe.:
uh*b[`e 8 !]$ljg PdcF Going concern cobq+Iyu 持续关注 hPLQ)c? KY9sa/xO Management representations /.l8Jb4 与管理层的交涉沟通 xWWfts1t UKMr,{iy Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences ~gQ$etP
d 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 <GC<uB |p PLf tz\7,yGT 6. Reporting h4N!zj[ 报告 +e+hIMur 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com rT9<_< Appendix h?5$-#q~ 附录 %p6"Sg* Audit procedure ^=D=fX"8% 审计程序 g
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