1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 e
6*=Si}V NQmDm!-4 Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance /1*\*<cs 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 D%zIm,bf <$E8T>U Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 9V~yK? 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 x)*[>d2yd 2.yzR DfZ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 5s;#C/ZZ
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 a^BD55d? \ CYu; Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior 3I]5DW %- 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 Ab`G b sMZ \6 Engagement letter ]l`DR4
= 约定书(委托书) ~c4Y*]J )jg3`I@ 2. Planning and risk assessment /=%4gWtr 规划和风险评估 NJ.kT uk @:}z\qBM General principles V;$lgTs|' 一般原则 [yz;OoA:; . @.CQB=E Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism k:fRk<C 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 FXbNmBXF sB $!X@ Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk QeGU]WU{ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 *N7\d9y bz
1\EkLL Risk-based approach X:YxsZQ5Y 基于风险的办法 bbz86]AhY OA+W$ Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business gbvBgOp 了解商业的实质和知识 =&vV$UtV |nD`0Rbw Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud )[A}h'J) 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 &kP>qTI^p~ H]cCyuCdH Materiality (level), tolerable error >6Q-e$GS@ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ;I9D>shkc akR*|iK#b Analytical procedures Rcu/ @j{O 分析程序 mV-MJ$3r ~`y6YIJ3 Planning an audit ST{<G 规划审计工作 >d=k-d lm$T`:c Audit documentation: working papers &`@K/Nf$9 审计文件:工作底稿 44!bwXz8 Zvc{o8^z The work of others ZW2U9 其他机构的文件 G*ecM`Bl oC[$PPqX# Rely on the work of experts 4]Krx
m`8 依靠专家的工作 86[TBX5' y8\44WKW Rely on the work of internal audit j &~OR6 依靠内部审计工作 q?`bu:yS 3iDRt&y=. 3. Internal control ^;L;/I[- 内部控制 ^27r-0|l^ 5K,Y6I&$SJ The evaluation of internal control systems (%tKGeb 对内部控制系统的评估 F;kNc:X`) Y}PI{PN Tests of control YqYCW}$ 控制测试 `U)~fu/\2M -|g~--@Q Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) `w2h
JP 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) Ok9XC <Xu L \pe Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. A%pcP
zG; 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 _Y=>^K]9K 4~D?F'o @`)A) 4.Audit evidence kA fkQy(~ 审计证据 >
-f`mT Y7= *- Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence M*|x,K= U 获取足够、适当的审计证据 G >bQlZG Ye T[KjX Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations K^EW*6vB8O 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 P/4]x@{ih G;MmD?VJ g The audit of specific items \It8+^d@ 审计的具体项目 9%pq+?u9 S
-GcH Receivables: confirmation I6~.s
Tl 应收帐款:确认 Hr:WE+' .cjSgK1 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties BZe x 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 Y$shn]~ .hXxh)F Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation ,..&j+m 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 -b8Vz}Y "1t%J7c_ Bank and cash: bank confirmation ^ 14U]< 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 hIE$u t + Jc95Ki1X Auditing sampling -r7*C:E 审计抽样 `;L>[\Xi Z+x,Awq 5.Review
Hz `aj 复核 j@
lHgis f%;8]a9 Subsequent events 'gI q_t|^ 随后发生的事件 [2
:Q.Zj 8HDYA$L akoK4!z 1YL6:5n q,(U 8 Going concern ]yy10Pk[! 持续关注 {1Z8cV x\T 9V~8a Management representations D6fry\ 与管理层的交涉沟通 &'Pwz *]:gEO Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 3 -Nwg9U 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 jvv3;lWDL. @z[,w` kZ~ 0fw- 6. Reporting d0vn/k2I 报告 -^yb[b, 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com MEf`&<t Appendix
yhxen 附录 LlKvi_z Audit procedure GgwO>[T 审计程序 {}RE;5n\['