1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 *~SanL\
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance ~D\zz }l
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 BH\!
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors PEDV9u[A
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 L|
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion q)PLc{N
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意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 iV2v<ap.n
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior
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职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 B3g#)
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Engagement letter It:,8
约定书(委托书) )/cf%
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2. Planning and risk assessment
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规划和风险评估 :e rfs}I
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General principles t5RV-$
一般原则
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism '@dk3:3t
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 t0.71(
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 7.FD16
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 Nbb2wr9A
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Risk-based approach ex6QHUQ
基于风险的办法 ^?5HagA
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business q1pB~eg5
了解商业的实质和知识 keb.%cb=
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ~yiw{:\
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Te2C<c
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Materiality (level), tolerable error :hTmt{LjN
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 J_ 7#UjGA,
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Analytical procedures "</A)y&
分析程序 %f 5c,}
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Planning an audit [\-)c[
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规划审计工作 =$SvKzN
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Audit documentation: working papers >S>B tRl
审计文件:工作底稿 ~J HEr48
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The work of others ,!dVhG#
其他机构的文件 0+T:};]
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Rely on the work of experts 5Nl?Km~
依靠专家的工作 i
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Rely on the work of internal audit y({lE3P
依靠内部审计工作 ?Ta<.j
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3. Internal control ~S\,
内部控制 YI>9C 76L
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The evaluation of internal control systems $8}'h
对内部控制系统的评估 P'^& SK
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Tests of control k)9+;bKQQ
控制测试 u#UtPF7q
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent)
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实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) De2$:?
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. t;`ULp~&
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ZCuo YE$g
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4.Audit evidence YJ|U|[
审计证据 '61>.u:2
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence |
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获取足够、适当的审计证据 qu&p)*M5
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 0BH-kr
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务
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The audit of specific items C3'?
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审计的具体项目 Tp|>(~;ai
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Receivables: confirmation Nt\0) &b
应收帐款:确认 U>sEFzBup
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties #r/5!*3
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 [8Fn0A
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation "L!U7|9J
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 BS
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation eV~"T2!Sb
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 B#?rW*yEe
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Auditing sampling o/ 7[
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审计抽样 6
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5.Review *s<cgPKJ@
复核 m>RtKCtP
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Subsequent events =sAU5Ag68
随后发生的事件 z{&