1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 A|X">,A Y6zbo Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance {pnS Q 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 ~nh:s|l6%M %&w3;d;c Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ~&7MkkftM 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 mUdOX7$c> H1QJk_RL Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion !`,Sfqij 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 g" .are'7 y)W@{@{kl Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior ;;C?{ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 GS a[
oh ;7 E7!t^ Engagement letter m
g4nrr\ 约定书(委托书) }dWq=)* T>2[=J8U 2. Planning and risk assessment > dI LF 规划和风险评估 $Bs {u=+w #t:S.A@ General principles 7Z\--=;|[: 一般原则 MHX?@.
v a1t4Dd Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism #xQr<p$L6 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ZjQ
|Wx V C24sU Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk {f2S/
$q 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 &U5{Hm9Ynr QgU8s'e Risk-based approach YW_Q\|p]M 基于风险的办法 <UV1!2nv* *E/`KUG] Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business *n 6s.$p)% 了解商业的实质和知识 CF&6J$ZBgJ vY${;#~| Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud qln3 k` 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 <`B,R*H{ MGR!Z@1y Materiality (level), tolerable error lOuHVa*} 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 cDFO; Dr LcSX *MC Analytical procedures :(!`/#6H 分析程序 5q;GIw^L
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q Planning an audit K;>9ZZtl 规划审计工作
A: 5x| H%UL%l$ Audit documentation: working papers
gX]-\ 审计文件:工作底稿 wsIW
|@ >L;eO'D The work of others ]b7zJUz 其他机构的文件 Ma.`A P@$/P99 Rely on the work of experts w)kNkD 依靠专家的工作 tD(
7^GuR =vDEfO/T Rely on the work of internal audit 6y+Kjd/D 依靠内部审计工作 ;V*R*R j9?}j#@ 3. Internal control x(etb<!jd 内部控制 _aFl_\3> k
o.(pb@+ The evaluation of internal control systems u frW\X 对内部控制系统的评估 Q[vJqkgT
B_nVP Tests of control Zhh2v>QOy 控制测试 <>s`\
% "?ucO4d Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) T>}5:,N~ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) -(bXSBs# v 1z Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. E^ P,*s 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 !sDh4jQ` Z:,U]Z( dv8>[# 4.Audit evidence !%^^ \, 审计证据 k2c}3 MeP k7?N ?7w Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence WG6FQAo^8 获取足够、适当的审计证据 -fwoTGlX 96 q_K84K Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations uD1e!oU 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 4L ;% h r@v,T8 The audit of specific items pk?w\A} 审计的具体项目 iVp,e x_|UPF Receivables: confirmation ,Sq/y~ 应收帐款:确认 BSYzC9h` lD^]\;? Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties !>{G,\^=pT 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 rR9|6l
3 A<5ZF27 Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation C\/xl#e<@ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 _hRcc"MS` i@P)a'W_ Bank and cash: bank confirmation ]+|~cRQ9I 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 %X4xv_o`f bvv|;6 Auditing sampling tZ}
v%3 审计抽样 0vEoGgY0*: 'MEz|Z 5.Review
mQCeo}7N5 复核 56+s~hG qUjmB sB Subsequent events oFy=-p+C 随后发生的事件 (g[h
8
c :rHJ4Tl !lf|7 =U #dJ^4P lJu;O/ Going concern 3
Mxp)uG/ 持续关注 zo +nq%= tSVc|j Management representations 9Wnn'T@Tl 与管理层的交涉沟通 x^kp^
/f 8Eakif0CO Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences xl6,s>ob 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 Xe<sJ.&Wf Y' %^NP}o : YXX8|> 6. Reporting z.GMqW%B 报告 a=DcZ_M 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com v}1QH Appendix eZ|%<Wpu 附录
tNGp\~ Audit procedure b~'"^ Bts* 审计程序 txiP!+3OWB