1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 vw$b]MO! }(!rB#bf Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance Kf6D)B 26 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 gi>W&6 LqXVi
80 Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors iUFG!,+d 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 ~xv3R 6b%IPbb Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion
7|yEf 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 7[mP@ { i8KoJY" Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior &^w" 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 ,x
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QQ 2u$ Engagement letter j;qV+Rq]t 约定书(委托书) Ly/ ]t~'wL#Z 2. Planning and risk assessment yeMe2Zx 规划和风险评估 b@Dt]6_UL XwfR/4 General principles +*Fe 一般原则 zC*dJXt@ ao0^; Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism >JA>np 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 hT,rc
Ikg: W]Nc6B*gI Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk |3~]XN- 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 R+t]]n6#
M6 8foeeN Risk-based approach ?bu=QV@ 基于风险的办法 cL!A,+S[_ 1M6^Brx Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business y(/5l 了解商业的实质和知识 {2QP6X sJ .LDp.#d9r1 Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud BP l% SL 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Pd& Npp3 *YX5bpR? Materiality (level), tolerable error =y(*?TZH 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 )#1!%aQ Y@<jvH1 Analytical procedures ]d~{8h!G 分析程序 4;>HBCM4- S>p0{:zM Planning an audit uix/O*^ 规划审计工作 rC]k'p2x X&| R\v=} Audit documentation: working papers OHW|?hI=[ 审计文件:工作底稿 @Kn@j D; n(|n=P:o The work of others )m[<lJbw 其他机构的文件 FV3[7w=D\ 7
, _b Rely on the work of experts T$AVMVq 依靠专家的工作 FzP1b_i -j2y#aP Rely on the work of internal audit AlG5n' 依靠内部审计工作 V1GkX=H}, gHkHAOe/ 3. Internal control ]zCD1*) 内部控制 fBh/$ ywkRH The evaluation of internal control systems S
v0?_3C 对内部控制系统的评估 hF5T9^8 fLd2{jI, Tests of control ~)`\j 控制测试 `m8WLj Lz p}<B Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) )''V}Zn.X 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) x,cvAbwS $uJc/ Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. >T\@j\X4 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 hQ!59 >p0,]-.J,r _d!o,=} 4.Audit evidence C@Go]*c 审计证据 I} 5e{jBB km][QEXs% Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence W}2!~ep! 获取足够、适当的审计证据 b
62B|0i -meY[!"X Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations ^W9O_5\g4a 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 >Yk|(!v WHOX<YJs The audit of specific items 7jQVm{{. 审计的具体项目 cDzb}W*UM r>i95u82' Receivables: confirmation o)n)Z~ 应收帐款:确认 @V:Y%#% 2/tx5Nc Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties
MxT&@pq 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 }p
)Hw2 O^ui+44wp Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation q86}'dFw{ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 &Td)2Wt
sf[|8}( Bank and cash: bank confirmation %.]#3tW 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 @Tq-3Um &WL::gy_S Auditing sampling zJl;|E". 审计抽样 $pAVTz N{&Lo}6F 5.Review
/':64#' 复核 ^);M}~ sQ^t8Y9 Subsequent events /{jt]8/;7 随后发生的事件 {^(uoB C/ j}s/)}n|
N-&ZaK D)DD 6 $w <R".4 Going concern <_Z.fdUA 持续关注 _KkaseR @9n|5.i Management representations $F9w0kz:,* 与管理层的交涉沟通 ov H'_' n}e%c B Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences gPc1oc( 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 b]Kb ~y| Uf]$I`T# V_D wHq2 6. Reporting r79P|)\ 报告 2yZ~j_AF[ 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com ebNRZJ?C, Appendix |2n*Ds' 附录 MN5}}@ Audit procedure )\VuN-d 审计程序 <Opw"yY&q]