1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 3Zy $NsY3 Q@M>DA!d^V Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance
,k% \f]a 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 -N'xQ(#n3q \tL9`RKpg Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors @y)'h]d 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 *hJ&7w ~ Gp}:U>V) Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion F%Te0l 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 v=-8} S =\jp%A1$
Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior f>g<:.k* 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 MjGeH>
c axf 4N@ Engagement letter a(!_3i@ 约定书(委托书) kpxWi=y 6[q<%wA 2. Planning and risk assessment >]6inS9 规划和风险评估 0RaE!4)!; ifo^
M]v General principles u!NY@$Wc 一般原则 <2{CR0]u B,`B!rU Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism +9 Uo<6} 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 y.KFz9Qv _RzwE$+9 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk :n1^Xw0q 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 LyEM^d] wHGiN9A+ Risk-based approach )3W`>7> 基于风险的办法 Fpz)@0K; ".n,R"EF Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business y">_$ 了解商业的实质和知识 O26'|w@$ DK!QGATh Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ^h
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- 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 $d<vPpJ3 80i-)a\n Materiality (level), tolerable error #>I*c_- 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 R`)^eqB gBF2.{"^ Analytical procedures X\?PnD`, 分析程序 <=]wh|D s~A#B)wB Planning an audit ^jY'Hj.Bs 规划审计工作 &$\B&Hp@ Dd1
\$RBo Audit documentation: working papers wi7a_^{
审计文件:工作底稿 03] r8o9C The work of others ? {@UB* 其他机构的文件 4G:?U6 S4r-s;U-v/ Rely on the work of experts
\Lp|S:u 依靠专家的工作 4|?y
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6 Ec44JD Rely on the work of internal audit >";I3S-t 依靠内部审计工作 M
Y2=lT k0%*{IVPN 3. Internal control z.NJu
q 内部控制 i ,[S1g J}$St|1y The evaluation of internal control systems j. @CB` 对内部控制系统的评估 Ya%-/u hJkP_(+J\ Tests of control \!+sL JP 控制测试 sZ-A~X@g
j -H2h Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 9n(.v} 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) Dz<"eyB\ bO)voJ< Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. _$&C$q$ 1y 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 fyRSg B00$ mes/gqrJ1I ]c67zyX=% 4.Audit evidence {S+ $C 审计证据 x#_\b-
}bU1wIW9I Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence rA=iBb3` 获取足够、适当的审计证据 <BUKTRq <)D)j[ Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations X9|={ng)g# 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 B+8lp4V9% GmjTxNU@ The audit of specific items Q+Sx5JUR~ 审计的具体项目 12D>~#J *OX;ZQg0 Receivables: confirmation JO|%Vpco 应收帐款:确认 kYwV0xQ vpnOc2 - Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties )~u<u:N 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 _4Cia
i2Ql lQkCA- Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation v;%>F)I 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 2YS1%<-g* X,ES=J0 Bank and cash: bank confirmation R#K,/b%SV 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 *bOgRM[ ;,OZ8g)LH Auditing sampling =>y%Aj&4 审计抽样 GLS`1! 1@$n)r` 5.Review
x{o&nhuk[S 复核 R6xJw2;_ `
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Kq Subsequent events
4s <|8 随后发生的事件 >j%4U* r+yl{ KKFV+bK) [M;B
9-2$ =IIB~h[TB Going concern 8<2
[ F 持续关注 lD K<gd 9i8 ~ Management representations ?Dr_WFN
jO 与管理层的交涉沟通 8|U-{"!O? /x2MW5H Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences x%$as; 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 Xy[*)< 4:50d
j 3|Vh[iAa\ 6. Reporting v
7g? 报告 P
{8d. 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com *#
7 1aZ Appendix @i9eH8lT 附录 0v"h/ Audit procedure r;~2NxMF/ 审计程序 >3,t`Z: