1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 /hQTV!\u 7:)= Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 6`J*{%mP 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证
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}p Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ;w a-\Z 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 kD8$ir'UYG )CD4k:bm Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion bzF>Efza 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 tMR&>hM =e$<[" Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior h.l^f>,/ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 6k|o<`~, zn@<>o8hU Engagement letter $BXZFC_1S 约定书(委托书) '=Nb`n3% ;}@.E@s%' 2. Planning and risk assessment >7V96jL$Y 规划和风险评估 TwH%P2)x G3
rTzMO General principles iVT
C"v 一般原则 aY@]mMz\ ,.A@U*j Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism MzM"r"u 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 g
Fizw:l 2!Yq9,` Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 6!*be|<& 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ZVs]_`(+ opU=49b Risk-based approach #^4p(eZ[} 基于风险的办法 2Tec#eYe aMe]6cWHV> Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business * ?x$q/a 了解商业的实质和知识 kVz9}Xp" m!Cvd9X= Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud !}[}YY?',i 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 #I8)|p?P LM\ H%=*L Materiality (level), tolerable error lR5[UKr 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ]Wr2I M JZI)jIh Analytical procedures
U*(/eEtd- 分析程序 T$rhz)_q `?E|frz[ Planning an audit { R
H&mu 规划审计工作 -FpZZ8=,M2 MdXOH$ps Audit documentation: working papers #{K}o} 审计文件:工作底稿 8?LsV< E)sC:oO The work of others P1C{G'cR 其他机构的文件 iZY4+
X !ij
R Rely on the work of experts \]<eLw-v 依靠专家的工作 2 tD{c^
9< kb3>q($ Rely on the work of internal audit PL} Wu= 依靠内部审计工作 C2}n &{T + OKk~GYf 3. Internal control C0C2]xx{ 内部控制 2qd5iOhX+ E{s p The evaluation of internal control systems zUq ^ 对内部控制系统的评估 ;>
hRj! Znr6,[U+q Tests of control }aO6% 控制测试 e~oh%l^C72 &s6;2G&L$ Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) abMB- 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) CWT#1L= E? l
K(C Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 4.Kl/b; 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 9K!kU6Gh )7]la/0 W(5XcP( 4.Audit evidence #qLsAw--Q 审计证据 6-E>-9]'E JuW"4R Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence >0F)^W? 获取足够、适当的审计证据 Ec/&?|$ 4y*"w*L Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations :j2?v(jT_l 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 OQ(w]G0LP ='A VI-go5 The audit of specific items H!'Ek[s+ 审计的具体项目 f/7on|bv cN% r\ Receivables: confirmation 0oK_u Y
4g 应收帐款:确认 '4KN "DO|B=EejP Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties h"0)g:\ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 -7Bg5{FA F(O"S@ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation W Og pDs 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 p!>5}f6 M^ZEAZi Bank and cash: bank confirmation $E/N 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 m!5MGq~ *{:Zdg'~E Auditing sampling FEH+ PKSc 审计抽样 ^(kmF UV,Z a yYl3 5.Review
*iX PG9XZ 复核 *I:a\o~$[ YsO3( HS Subsequent events 3AcS$.G 随后发生的事件 ]z O6ESH )%q!XM
8vkCmV EtnuEU 15z(hzU?# Going concern Sx:JuK@ 持续关注 K
0e*K=UM 1%$t;R Management representations G%A!yV 与管理层的交涉沟通 !J&UO/q. ' hDs.Wnu
Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences +iqzj-e&e[ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 ){LU>MW{& cG"wj$'w b_&:tE--] 6. Reporting ?[]jJ 报告 ,|g&v/WlC% 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com ]GT+UX Appendix I
`77[ 附录 tdHeZv Audit procedure u4tv=+jh 审计程序 j.!5&^;u4