1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 !
Vlx " a,4E{7 Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance !H{>c@i 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 O:pg+o& DT)][V^w Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors k;2.g$)W[c 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 <>Dw8?O
~TeOl|!lE+ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 0a#v}w^* 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 (E&M[hH+ qswC>Gi Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior 3EY
m@oZj 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 [@8 po-()L ~K99DK. Engagement letter yFQaNuZPC 约定书(委托书) `wU['{= a?8)47) 2. Planning and risk assessment +R HiX!PG 规划和风险评估 \=mLL|a yjH'< General principles r]DU 一般原则 ZH8 w^} U1pE2o- Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism =Y6W
Qf 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 T!>h Pg W[
W)q%[) Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk e84%Y8,0 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 nvXjW@)` kR^h@@'F" Risk-based approach Ip=QtNW3
\ 基于风险的办法 ->.9[|lIg d;wq@e Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business o$Nhx_F 了解商业的实质和知识 !Ko> VwZ~ntk Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ; '
vkF 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Ql l{;A <)T~_s Materiality (level), tolerable error ~> lqEa 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 wy${EY^h S-Vj$asv! Analytical procedures hfyU}`]
分析程序 3oH/34jj #OM)71kB8 Planning an audit Ut;4`>T 规划审计工作 US"g>WLwJ g<M!]0OK Audit documentation: working papers cSV&p| 审计文件:工作底稿 l'wu- l"nS+z The work of others ha=2isq 其他机构的文件 xT*c## `67i1w` Rely on the work of experts #{J~
km / 依靠专家的工作 X#JUorGp 4
l-UrnZ Rely on the work of internal audit ?Z?(ky! 依靠内部审计工作 L3xN#W;m7 $ B&ZnZ? 3. Internal control r~f
;g9I 内部控制 jG;J qT \gPMYMd The evaluation of internal control systems LPu*Lkx 对内部控制系统的评估 ./Ek+p*96H Bl8|`R^g Tests of control Y:,C_^$w; 控制测试 k_wcol,W @P75f5p}< Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 42"nbJ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) Q>Z~={" SE^l`.U@ Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. j7gTVfO 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 !3k-' ),z& 7_l
Wr 9wldd*r 4.Audit evidence v^t7)nx^ 审计证据 &;P\e 37a1O>A Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence qmFbq<& 获取足够、适当的审计证据 MkJBKS NiW9/(;xB Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations iO?^y(phC 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务
wLqj<ot f)z(9JJL The audit of specific items Komdz/g 审计的具体项目 tm=,x~ ^
GY^g-R Receivables: confirmation Y!_c/ !Tx 应收帐款:确认 `H
$XO{w xi "3NF%= Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties Kd+E]$F_OH 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 a@W9\b@I 2 A!*8w Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation Um4zI> 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 2v4K3O60G >L4F'#I Bank and cash: bank confirmation kG!hqj 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 DH+kp$,} qwj7CIc( Auditing sampling u$[8Zmgzz 审计抽样 PLs`Ci|` $Uy+]9
5.Review
cRrJZ9 复核 _1G/qHf^S a_5s'Dh Subsequent events Ul]7IUzsu 随后发生的事件 s
Z&|omN 87l*Y|osP wW\@^5 8YlZ({f c]#}#RJ`\ Going concern !Ea!
"} 持续关注 z!bT^_Cc0 !fn%Q'S Management representations >\?
z,Nin 与管理层的交涉沟通 h>GbJ/^ ,IboPh&Q78 Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences @#,/6s7? 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 [iq^'E eQ/w
Mr ~=OJCKv5( 6. Reporting Lv%t*s2$/ 报告 &>+T*-' 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com QH(&Cu, Appendix Ii[U% 附录 `&q+ f+z Audit procedure L
QV@]z& 审计程序 h092S |iY