1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 ?hSha)1:
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance %~(~W>^A
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 hd=j56P5P
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors InX{V|CW?
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 ^k9rDn/AW
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion E#~2wqK
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 ]J~g'">
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior <lX:eR1
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 pgfu+K7?w
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Engagement letter XDvq7ZD
约定书(委托书) R mgxf/
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2. Planning and risk assessment `i{4cT8:
规划和风险评估 _PdAN= C3
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General principles mc56L[
一般原则 n%8#?GC`
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism vD
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持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 OUKj@~T
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk | )S{(#k
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 z'v9j_\
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Risk-based approach j?d!}v
基于风险的办法 @YbZ8Uc
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business
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了解商业的实质和知识 rGAFp,}-f
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud y>&VtN{E
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 012:BZR
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Materiality (level), tolerable error Ld'EABM
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 `,Q <YT ~
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Analytical procedures .2{ 6h
分析程序 ^$ZI>L0+
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Planning an audit Ed8U;U b
规划审计工作 .Lp Nm'=R
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Audit documentation: working papers SIJ# ?0,
审计文件:工作底稿 CiHn;-b;
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The work of others K7y!s :rg!
其他机构的文件 D'Jm!Ap
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Rely on the work of experts 4/ 0/#G#j
依靠专家的工作 &P{o{
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Rely on the work of internal audit :tg@HyY)
依靠内部审计工作 _?*rtDzIM
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3. Internal control Gl dH SCy
内部控制 Q;d+]xj
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The evaluation of internal control systems AD0ptHUBa
对内部控制系统的评估 5?S{W
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Tests of control ?nj"Ptzs
控制测试 jcT{ugpq
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) w50.gr7
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) n$}R/*
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. dVjcK/T<
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 |8&\N
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4.Audit evidence <yPq;#z(!
审计证据 H'j_<R N
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence $X{B*
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获取足够、适当的审计证据 .Bm ^3A
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations v ^ FV
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财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 .YnP%X=
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The audit of specific items 4O5n6~24
审计的具体项目 @1
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Receivables: confirmation !HT>
应收帐款:确认 1"~O"m sb
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties "W3n
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存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 BXKlO(7
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation fwar8
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应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 J, (U<%n
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation T7WZ(y
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银行存款和现金:银行的确认 k:(e79
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Auditing sampling 2<\yky
审计抽样 4F1.D9u
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5.Review
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复核 &)fhlp5
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Subsequent events %Hl:nT2M
随后发生的事件
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Going concern +Y>cBSO
持续关注 fjz2m
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Management representations ><:lUt*N2
与管理层的交涉沟通 *BP\6"X
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Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences ??esB&