1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 =Z+^n
?"
Gpu[<Z4
Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance :I#.d7`uk
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 mlByE,S2E
.F ?ww}2p]
Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors t=7Gfv
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 EE'2<"M
(U'n1s/X
Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion C1-U2@
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 }%XB*pzQ
5RLO}Vn]
Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior ranem0KQ)]
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为
hlVC+%8
mu
B Y
Engagement letter I[%IW4jJ
约定书(委托书) 9':Ipf&x
7#)k-S!B
2. Planning and risk assessment va@;V+cD
规划和风险评估 l4RqQ+[KA;
}d5]N
General principles qK'mF#n0#
一般原则 rRevyTs
s~,!E
Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism !
hHe`
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 gNr4oOR{
gxhp7c182
Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk qBk[Afjgz
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ,.Ofv):=
=)bOteWM
Risk-based approach IEm?'o:
基于风险的办法 oN}\bK
z_(l]Ern}
Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business }P2*MrkcHB
了解商业的实质和知识 yl>^QMmo
g(P7CX+y
Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud -(57C*#ap
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Ps0Cc _
,q*|R
O
Materiality (level), tolerable error U,b80%k:
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 m&A bH&;
ky !ZJR
Analytical procedures y1 a%f.F`
分析程序 ;FlDRDZ%
A]"6/Lr9P
Planning an audit lsV>sW4]Z
规划审计工作 OC5oxL2HTe
9{u/|,rq1
Audit documentation: working papers xpa+R^D5G
审计文件:工作底稿 /;_$:`|/
~%\vX
The work of others 23LG)or.JC
其他机构的文件 jYU0zGpj
Cdl"TZ<
Rely on the work of experts CMC
p7-v
依靠专家的工作 ->|eMV'd
=0e>'Iw2
Rely on the work of internal audit p
!DdX
依靠内部审计工作 T>|+cg
tQj=m_
3. Internal control ft8
内部控制 :V8oWMY
1q'_J?Xmd
The evaluation of internal control systems KXTk.\c
对内部控制系统的评估 (QFZM"G
:SFf}
Tests of control U;&s=M0[
控制测试 J{Ij
0Wd5s{S
Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) _u-tRHh|A
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) v'L"sgW6I
O0^Y1l
Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. /pe.?Zd
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 !/2kJOSp
fk^DkV^<
El`G<esX
4.Audit evidence +SV!QMIg
审计证据 = r=/L
D6_#r=08
Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence
fNr*\=$
获取足够、适当的审计证据 aS3-A
4
#;2mP6a[
Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations t2ui9:g4j
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 n\JSt}A
mznE Cy
The audit of specific items C1HNcfa7
审计的具体项目 ~O;?;
@
@)ozgs@e
Receivables: confirmation "=f,4Zbj
应收帐款:确认 i/N6 8
k<