1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 Y`^o7'Z2^P
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 75AslL?t
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 u]bz42]
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors _Wma\(3$
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 9I kUZW
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion =:/>6H1x
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 iC*U $+JG
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior 8Zw]f-5x\
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 7Ud'd<
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Engagement letter <
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约定书(委托书) +'%\Pr(
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2. Planning and risk assessment [pR)@$"k'
规划和风险评估 M=[th
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General principles 2GUupnQkD
一般原则 k%Eh{dA
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism gn.Ol/6D
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 >a@
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk
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审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 r<|nwFJ
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Risk-based approach r=$gT@
基于风险的办法 VVLIeJ(*XT
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business Mz\yPT;Y
了解商业的实质和知识
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud f3t.T=S
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 u~
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Materiality (level), tolerable error = t-fYV
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 l5HWZs^
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Analytical procedures +5-fk>o
分析程序 Ut_mr
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Planning an audit \xeVDKJH+n
规划审计工作 045\i[l=
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Audit documentation: working papers Pw
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审计文件:工作底稿 $}4K
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The work of others PGY9*0n
其他机构的文件 O#G|
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Rely on the work of experts Mciq-c)
依靠专家的工作 s|gp
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Rely on the work of internal audit ]>vf 9]
依靠内部审计工作 I+~bCcgPi
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3. Internal control "*bk{)dz}
内部控制 G
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The evaluation of internal control systems ?@3&dk~ni
对内部控制系统的评估 o\60n
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Tests of control 3SFg#
控制测试 {U6"]f%
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) j8c6[ih
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) ALAL( f`
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. f@x_#ov
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 O%
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4.Audit evidence 6? !I
审计证据 GmAj<