1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 [`GSc6j
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance uNn1qV
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 ysOf=~1
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors n'mrLZw
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 gg#9I(pX
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion *}89.kCBF
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 t}R!i-D|HB
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior L!xFhVA<
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 #[M^Q
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Engagement letter nqH[
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约定书(委托书) ]z'L1vQl7
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2. Planning and risk assessment *}C%z(
规划和风险评估 :(XyiF<Ud
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General principles 8)8~c@
一般原则 s;bGg
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism IB#
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持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 'df@4} 9
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 9mHCms
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 &qWg$_Yh
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Risk-based approach A]m*~Vj]
基于风险的办法 N>3{!K>/Y:
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business c<_1o!68
了解商业的实质和知识 C2R"96M7q
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud =k<b* 8
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 kI`HD
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Materiality (level), tolerable error 7Z2D}O+
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 4-[U[JJc
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Analytical procedures @VP/kut
分析程序 e*'bY;8lo
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Planning an audit \
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规划审计工作 8*8Y\"
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Audit documentation: working papers
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审计文件:工作底稿 x(u.(:V
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The work of others m>Wt'Cc
其他机构的文件 qWK}
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Rely on the work of experts
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依靠专家的工作 0>j0L8#^p
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Rely on the work of internal audit ])y)]H#{
依靠内部审计工作 4;~xRg;u&*
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3. Internal control 0UpRSh)#
内部控制 < k(n%
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The evaluation of internal control systems *8qRdI9
对内部控制系统的评估 ]NaH *\q
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Tests of control |b@`ykD
控制测试 c%G~HOE=B
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) c)Q-yPMl)
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) "=]'"'B:
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. _Rjbm'kC
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 d^?e*USh
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4.Audit evidence te;bn4~
审计证据 d>J
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence C
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获取足够、适当的审计证据 ax _v+v %
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations hHMp=8J7
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 M| }?5NS
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The audit of specific items rr1,Ijh{D
审计的具体项目 S5m.oHJI*
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Receivables: confirmation l-IA Q!d
应收帐款:确认 (Ms #)E
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties #( 4)ps.
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 toG- Dz&