1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 8eHyL
3x'|]Ns
Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance C&rkvM8
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 ?oHpFlj
RuV
GG)
Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors _8_R 1s
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 hNmJ!Uo
(c
&mCJN
Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion FE|
JHh$
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 VZmLS 4E
.+A+|yR
Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior I75DUJqy]
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 o="M
hp-<2i^"!
Engagement letter oEKvl3Hz_
约定书(委托书) U0N 60
}oGA-Qc}B
2. Planning and risk assessment 2)HuZda
规划和风险评估
k5.Lna
X!dYdWw*m
General principles +Kbjzh3<wG
一般原则 Ao
gVF
PKg@[<g43
Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism |_aa&v~
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 0*D$R`$
CD( :jM?
Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk '=8d?aeF
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 nwRc%C``UK
qm8B8&-
Risk-based approach IE/^\ M
基于风险的办法 A1>OY^p3%
B; h"lv
Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business !/i{l
了解商业的实质和知识 h-<81"}j1
G[I"8iS,
Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud e_ANUll1
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 +V046goX W
*Y7u'v
Materiality (level), tolerable error %^GfS@t
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 "2$fi{9
0e ~JMUb
Analytical procedures a:IC)]j$_
分析程序 BdblLUGK#
V/
u
P%'cd
Planning an audit 9oR@UW1
规划审计工作 -23w2Qt
`1{ZqRFQ
Audit documentation: working papers Nk VK
审计文件:工作底稿 4`]^@"{
O#~yKqB
The work of others 9YQb&
其他机构的文件 1.{z3_S21:
O6a<`]F
Rely on the work of experts ]]9R mh=
依靠专家的工作 &LZn
FR
jaMjZp;{
(
Rely on the work of internal audit a PfO$b:
依靠内部审计工作 6J6BF%
I%X6T@P
3. Internal control Ed,~1GanY
内部控制 pVw}g@<M
BmMGx8P
The evaluation of internal control systems MvHm)h
对内部控制系统的评估 m6&~HfwN
C>j@,G4
Tests of control a
/l)qB#
控制测试 '(yAfL 9}
-)]Yr #Q
Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) `nv~NLkl
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) RD'Q :W
q#ClnG*
Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. %D}kD6=
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ?o4C;
T?soJ]A
#TX/aKr:
4.Audit evidence Cc' 37~6~P
审计证据 ,+vy,<e&
zrL$]Oy}x
Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence M!A}NWF
获取足够、适当的审计证据 .4M.y:F
I{9QeRI
Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations H*&f: