1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 F^S]7{ Ih4$MG6QC Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance ~tZB1+%) 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 "fUNrhCx 6a_U[-a9; Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors aAG']y 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 S?J(VJqE Q]3]Z/i Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion }^j8< 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 e4tC[6 ; [IAk9B.\ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior V>GJO (9 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 ?~E"!
%[M0TE=J Engagement letter q ywl
G 约定书(委托书) *c&OAL] _`p^B%[ 2. Planning and risk assessment -;FAS3(wy 规划和风险评估 =tP^vgfQ ,v#n\LD`
General principles K<`W>2" 一般原则 l&:8 'k+%= 5\w*W6y Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism wu`+KUx 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 |]k,0Y3v xXa4t4
gR Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk jb{9W7;RL 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 e6
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Risk-based approach :Ea|FAeK8 基于风险的办法 <r`;$K
~I%164B+/ Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business aDxNAfP
了解商业的实质和知识 uOy/c 8` ,S(s Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud f?ibyoXL 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 kE8s])Z,+ \Q1&w2mw Materiality (level), tolerable error D
.LR-Z 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 r|jM; P8|ANe1
v Analytical procedures AI#.+PrC{/ 分析程序 ~J>;l
s1 }#%Ye CA? Planning an audit S<*IoZ?T 规划审计工作 F]r'j
ZL $p&eS_f Audit documentation: working papers aR('u:@jHi 审计文件:工作底稿 (_CvN=A p@uHzu7 The work of others '5[(QM5Gi& 其他机构的文件 )b>misb/ &}7R\co3 Rely on the work of experts 9y;}B
y 依靠专家的工作 R8eBIJ/@_ -C}"1|P! Rely on the work of internal audit LL)t) 依靠内部审计工作 q5-i=lw I"x|U[*B 3. Internal control b=pk;'- 内部控制 R){O]<+ VNIl%9:-l The evaluation of internal control systems >~Tn%u<
对内部控制系统的评估 VKX|0~ g\@ .qKF Tests of control Bp5ra9*5+~ 控制测试 CI-za !T *AGf'+j*z Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) x9a\~XL>a 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) `BG>
%# X;GU#8W Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. Y)1J8kq_ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 t8h*SHD9 BG?>)]6 ~9vK6;0 4.Audit evidence K<`Z@f3'w 审计证据 |3!) xP&7i'ag Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence yt5<J
-m 获取足够、适当的审计证据 w4\
3* PlLt^q.z[ Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations udA@9a^; 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 'ROz| iJ
\R]2YY`EP The audit of specific items Og1vD5a 审计的具体项目 5V =mj+X? 7H{1i Receivables: confirmation /_{ZWLi( 应收帐款:确认 ~M} K]Li Ry]9n.y Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties 0:u:#))1 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 =mZYBm,I
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FjtS Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation :Hm'o} 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 7
g+T 1 Ga3[g Bank and cash: bank confirmation }8aqSD<: 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 ]YFjz/f S\A0gOL^ Auditing sampling Y)pop:y t 审计抽样 w(S~}'Sg*P K|-m6!C!7 5.Review
:adz~L$ 复核 3.BUWMD 5=|h~/.k Subsequent events
nYZ6'Iwi' 随后发生的事件 2-8Dc4H]
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wLqj<ot !o_eK\p Going concern Komdz/g 持续关注 tm=,x~ eUB!sR% Management representations Y!_c/ !Tx 与管理层的交涉沟通 `H
$XO{w z|%Pi J, Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences m+s*Io{Ip 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 O(8CrKYY ;NdH]a{ uZrp ^ 6. Reporting %~Rg`+ 报告 $[fq Th 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com DH+kp$,} Appendix qwj7CIc( 附录 nf"#F@dk Audit procedure 'hBnV xd& 审计程序 `Tyd1!~