1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 %$b:X5$Z b9!FC$^J Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance L*:jXmUM_~ 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 rW=Z>1 0=?<y'= Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ?nL.w 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 A,a.8!*}vd UeRj< \"Q Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion ~;N^g4s 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 OynXkH]0T+ _fKou2$yz Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior V;v8=1t! 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 [EKQR>s) >G%o,9i Engagement letter 6ZP"p<xX 约定书(委托书) !4X
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R)Uq9 2. Planning and risk assessment T
\_]^]> 规划和风险评估 3qf
Ym}d ZusEfh? General principles ;<ZLcTL 一般原则 V{!J-nO 5;YMqUkw Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism <P=twT;P 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 y]f"@9G# 9@Jtaq>jf Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk }n>p4W"OM 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 32`{7a3!= ]jo1{IcI Risk-based approach r/u A.Aou^ 基于风险的办法 '2 PF ci?qT,& Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business NeE
t 了解商业的实质和知识 N(Fp0 #
mV{#B= Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ~=uWD&5B4 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 zo4qG+>o 75XJL;W # Materiality (level), tolerable error @}}$zv6l, 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 E2Q[ZoVS +l
HjC$ Analytical procedures e4 >_v(' 分析程序 =4FXBPoQK -;^j:L{ Planning an audit Z$/xy" 规划审计工作 %H]ptH5 uM_wjP Audit documentation: working papers Bu#VMkchJ 审计文件:工作底稿 P\1L7%*lU wk5s)%V The work of others 5kCUaPu 其他机构的文件 [OC5l> &,{fw@#)_ Rely on the work of experts |}=acc/ 依靠专家的工作 u{['<r;I 1g8_Xe4 Rely on the work of internal audit UC
]\yUK1J 依靠内部审计工作 f4 P
8Oz ;f#v0W`5 3. Internal control 5z7U1: 内部控制 J&W)(Cf
aX)I3^ar The evaluation of internal control systems %4et&zRC 对内部控制系统的评估 ILEz;D{] (l^3Z3zf& Tests of control itBwCIj G 控制测试 .F
O}-jCW;K Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) /:~\5}tW 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 1OCeN%4]Qk 9g'LkP Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. X' H[7 ^W 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 #`CA8!j!! e7Xeo +/ "p_J8
4.Audit evidence ,':
fu 审计证据 6Ypc` 2Rw&C6("w Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence BTGvN% 获取足够、适当的审计证据 =,spvy'"*C /uPcXq:L~ Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations :61Tu
n 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 uki#/GzaO x$5) ^ud? The audit of specific items l=S 35og 审计的具体项目 ]m
g)Q:d, QM5R`i{r Receivables: confirmation cv998*|X: 应收帐款:确认 WIC/AL' .7e2YI,S Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties q)X$^oE!6 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 IUE~_7 60P#,o@G Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation }zkHJxZgE 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 Tl(^ }\tdcTMgS Bank and cash: bank confirmation "& ])lz[u 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 mHV%I@`Y6 nKPYOY8^ Auditing sampling 4r>6G/b8* 审计抽样 sGyeb5c Wk~WOzr}^ 5.Review
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g&UagBj 复核 "+kL
)] PDJr<E? Subsequent events Gw>^[dmt! 随后发生的事件 hL/)|N~ h1B? 8
pD wQqb`l7+ #pP[xE"Y 7mI:|G Going concern /Y9>8XSc 持续关注 !}YAdZJ F"&~*m^+ Management representations %eX{WgH 与管理层的交涉沟通 h].
<t& ~HTmO;HNf" Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 'n{Nvt.c 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 Bc+w+ YLqGRE`W 9>l*lCA 6. Reporting u[@l~gwL 报告 v*'^r)Q[p 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com ?oVx2LdD| Appendix rf
$ QxJ 附录 }#L^! \V} Audit procedure ,F79xx9ufg 审计程序 1n=lqn/