1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 h3G.EM:eG
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance d]v+mVAyE
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 I4_d[O9
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 3`V1XE.;
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 @ GDX7TPV
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion v90T{1+M|4
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 M#jN-ix
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior qoU3"8
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 30cd|
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Engagement letter (jWss V1
约定书(委托书) :osz
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2. Planning and risk assessment j6}R7$JR
规划和风险评估 yubSj*
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General principles ZU2laqa_
一般原则 Wsj=!Obc
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism gPC@Yy
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ~%y @Xsot>
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk }ynT2a#LU'
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 YoODR
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Risk-based approach (&\aA 0-}H
基于风险的办法 0Fr1Ku!
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business !^fa.I'mM
了解商业的实质和知识 xyHejE}
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud r4 dOK] 0
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 &~DTZgY
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Materiality (level), tolerable error &lc8G
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 } /^C|iS7
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Analytical procedures UH`h OJ?
分析程序 w5C*L)l
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Planning an audit V~{
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规划审计工作 -#&kYK#Ph
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Audit documentation: working papers =v6*|
审计文件:工作底稿 uV6g[J
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The work of others *e"a0
其他机构的文件 {==pZpyyh
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Rely on the work of experts P1zK2sL_
依靠专家的工作 8Z#j7)G
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Rely on the work of internal audit @!tVr3;N$
依靠内部审计工作 WT3gNNx|
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3. Internal control /M0/-pV9
内部控制 g9h(sLSF
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The evaluation of internal control systems *=F(KZ
对内部控制系统的评估 2-If]Fc
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Tests of control > 6CV4 L
控制测试 /ci]}`'ws
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) eH>#6R1-
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) jh ez
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. >O9sk
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。
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4.Audit evidence #~ v4caNx
审计证据 G&{HTYP
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence m$Y
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获取足够、适当的审计证据 yOXO)u1n
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations TvhJVVQ+?
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 0OZ Mlt%z
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The audit of specific items 4n( E;!s
审计的具体项目 RNJFSD.
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Receivables: confirmation U\<-mXv
应收帐款:确认 GRYe<