1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 ,Fiiw
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance ]Hq%Q~cE
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 UPF=X)!M
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors SF7
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审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 hI0l2OE
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion ]ghPbS@
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 ~ .-'pdz%
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior cyyFIJj]
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 , 88}5)b[
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Engagement letter Sq>UMfl&
约定书(委托书) |Sm/Uq(c
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2. Planning and risk assessment .rHO7c,P~
规划和风险评估 }$jIvb,3?
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一般原则 |n;7fq
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism A[MEtI=Q J
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 \&fK 8H1
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk l"/O s_4O
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 sKtH4d5)
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Risk-based approach N{0 D <"
基于风险的办法 L 'y+^L|X
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business G(i/ @>l
了解商业的实质和知识 #%~wuCn<
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud p{U ro!J,K
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 xp=
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Materiality (level), tolerable error I5{SC-7
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 pB`<4+"9
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Analytical procedures ZC"p^~U_e[
分析程序 H`sV\'`!}
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Planning an audit \TjsXy=:)
规划审计工作 V0>,Kxk
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Audit documentation: working papers {dDU^7O
审计文件:工作底稿 [LE_lATjU
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The work of others U<$ |ET'
其他机构的文件 *:iFhKFU
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Rely on the work of experts $|AxQQ%f
依靠专家的工作 h1xYQF_`Z
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Rely on the work of internal audit bTJ7RqL
依靠内部审计工作 NeYj[Q~xy
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3. Internal control OvkY zI`
内部控制 c(fwl`y!x
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The evaluation of internal control systems Lq:Z='Kc
对内部控制系统的评估 tlE+G@|^
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Tests of control ;tO (,^
控制测试 =Z 2sQQVS
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) W1 E((2
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) z'
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 7C=t19&R'
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 HghNI
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4.Audit evidence %%*t{0!H+
审计证据 w1[F]|
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence J^U#dYd
获取足够、适当的审计证据 \\_Qv
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations IYd)Vv3'j
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 VgOj#Z?K
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The audit of specific items L0}"H
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审计的具体项目 cJ&%XN
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Receivables: confirmation ^b'[81%
应收帐款:确认 }{s<!b
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties ht` !@B
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 +v/_R{ M
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation w[t!?(![>
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 r/SV.`
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation "YM)bc
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 R["_Mff
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Auditing sampling Z3)1!|#Q
审计抽样 J"# o #~
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5.Review j"hfsA<_I
复核 *
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Subsequent events -:&qNY:Vp
随后发生的事件 %[b~4,c1
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Going concern L'M'I0"/
持续关注 )Z2HzjE
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Management representations k%Jv%m}aB
与管理层的交涉沟通 *H8(G%a!^
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Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences r&U