1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 ;_<R +w3- /%wS5IZ^ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance >=~\b 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 +vBi7#& 5/meH[R\M Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ]%Q!%uTh 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 vQAFg G +>$]leqa Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion p>6`jr 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 9d(\/
7 Sj9fq* Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior Knq9"k 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 |VfEp O%bbyR2 Engagement letter c}(WniR-" 约定书(委托书) _(W@FS ^ Ltho` 2. Planning and risk assessment 5> k:PKHL 规划和风险评估 Z>[7#;; f:c'j` General principles U1RU2M]v 一般原则 _z\/{ Bo 35L:r| Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism g:
i5%1 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 \}j MC lj4Fg*/Yn Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk $=aO
*i 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 )uPJ?
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ne_]+ Risk-based approach FpoHm%+ 基于风险的办法 IqOg{#
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$>DX\h Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business z>x@o}#u\| 了解商业的实质和知识 Nw;qJ58@ sI ,!+ Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud H4/wO 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 c9(3z0!F? |,8z"g Materiality (level), tolerable error \kADh?phV 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 [ks_wvY:' >{#JIG. Analytical procedures B#sCB&( 分析程序 "wUIsuG/p
q+P@2FL Planning an audit rxY|&!f 规划审计工作 !avol/* MKK ^-T Audit documentation: working papers #Z&/w.D2 审计文件:工作底稿 WT
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X5.|9 The work of others 4kOO3[r 其他机构的文件 MP]<m7669* m</m9h8 Rely on the work of experts FX:`7c]:9 依靠专家的工作 XLh)$rZ )"?4d[ 5 Rely on the work of internal audit X/_I2X 依靠内部审计工作 k"wQ9=HP7 ]5%0EE64 3. Internal control bS_#3T 内部控制 ,Oo`*'a[o7 2TK \pfD The evaluation of internal control systems iL/c^(1 对内部控制系统的评估 z^Hc'oVXj: QM$UxWo- Tests of control %nA})nA7= 控制测试 l#)X/(?; 2y[Q Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) Vk5Z[w a 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度)
hfB$4s9 ^FCXcn9 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. K_Y-N!h 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 qGk+4 yC So%X(,
| UQVL)-Z 4.Audit evidence Ee>VA_ss 审计证据 }\_.Mg^y U,GSWMI/K Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence YAi-eL67l 获取足够、适当的审计证据 c:Ua\$)u3, -t-f&`S|| Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations ]m1fo' 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 n ]%2Kx ucCf%T\: The audit of specific items ns[/M~_r 审计的具体项目 B-I4(w($ DP_b9o
\5 Receivables: confirmation IsXNAYj 应收帐款:确认 S"bN9?;#u jkeerU6 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties G?Et$r7:R 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 bpu`'Vx LKN7Lkl Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation
manw;`Q 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 uWS]l[Ga Ou[K7-m%& Bank and cash: bank confirmation /<[0o] 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 pyEQb# jCd]ENl+_ Auditing sampling lZzW-
%K 审计抽样 _kKG%U.gbK 0d2P 5.Review
(Tx_`rO4VY 复核 l5z//E}W dJuy Jl$* Subsequent events ~ !uX"F8Xl 随后发生的事件 GrF4*I`q =<\22d5L }:$cK
(| /*C!]Z>. y_PA9#v7 Going concern ^}
{r@F 持续关注 KXKT5E$ _z
p<en[ Management representations ^[hAj>7_8$ 与管理层的交涉沟通 pl8b&bLzi SQMl5d1d: Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences =DwLNyjU4
审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 b'4a;k!rS Y e0,0Fpw 4Kqo>|C 6. Reporting M)13'B. 报告 2EgvS!" 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com w4L()eP#?= Appendix <4
{m99 附录 tPy
k^NJ; Audit procedure 8W3zrnc 审计程序 # epP~J_f