1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 'FxYMSZS$ bL
MkPty Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance T#N80BH[ 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 F*!gzKZ" $QffrU' Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 24O
d] f 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 )<Ob =W|vOfy Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion Bxt_a.LthH 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 w 3d\0ub i&pMF
O Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior ChVY
Vx( 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 `.`FgaJ
| 7YD\ !2b Engagement letter w'XSb.\)_m 约定书(委托书) |i s 9 :SdIU36 2. Planning and risk assessment R05T5Q1]A 规划和风险评估 o[imNy~ ~ ]3 j[3' General principles Tz2x9b\82 一般原则 0@w&J9yG _-
(z@ Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism \`&xprqAw 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 G\uU- z$) Es:5yX! Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk aYR\ <02 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 hsz$S:am V"BVvSNu Risk-based approach epYj+T
基于风险的办法 > `0| X TftOYY.hQ Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business W*3o|x 了解商业的实质和知识 O/nqNQ?< "LXXs0 Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud {#0Tl 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 zK,~ 37)\ %{Xm5#m Materiality (level), tolerable error ItMl4P`| 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 R:BBF9sK? Qk|( EFQ9 Analytical procedures rrbZ+*U 分析程序 2"zI R( D.
77WjwQ Planning an audit RlPjki"Mg 规划审计工作 xL|?(pQ/BK +7`u9j. Audit documentation: working papers = SA
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审计文件:工作底稿 +V6j` y+l<vJu The work of others N4'
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其他机构的文件 h!Z Z2[ ws#hhW3qK Rely on the work of experts Qa>%[jx,@, 依靠专家的工作 W&Y4Dq^ NT'Ie]| Rely on the work of internal audit <JG Yr 4V 依靠内部审计工作 twAw01". fQ^h{n 3. Internal control -v;iMEZ) 内部控制 9tW3!O^_ cPx66Dh& The evaluation of internal control systems \?J=mE@;1 对内部控制系统的评估 :p,c%"
8 5/*)+ Tests of control KwY`<t1lA; 控制测试 7'c8]/qh L!`*R)I45 Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) q=T<^Tk#e 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) *sIi$1vHu v\J!yz Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. ~4l6unCI 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 .0rJIO R9S7_u ^!N;F" 4.Audit evidence SZNFE 审计证据 =9#i<te !$g(& Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence dP$y>%cB 获取足够、适当的审计证据 xKRfl1 #1gTpb+t Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 1t!&xvhG 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 ch%Q'DR_I) Yk(NZ3O The audit of specific items {6REfY
c 审计的具体项目 O%rS;o #sozXza\G Receivables: confirmation J$o[$G_Z 应收帐款:确认 x'VeL| &QiAM`MbC= Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties "Wzij&WkQ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 N9~'P-V ',v0vyO8 Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation %a%+!wX0x 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认
M}_M_ P7M0Ce~iW Bank and cash: bank confirmation f)!{y>Q 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 bYRQI=gW': L>|A6S#y8/ Auditing sampling 'dd<<E
审计抽样 #CBo ^ ^U)WB 5.Review
< :S?t2C 复核 |wl")|b% TU^tW Subsequent events ^+.e5roBKj 随后发生的事件 oQE_?">w c{r6a=C WoN]eO c"jhbH!u4 U7f#Z Going concern
`\}zm~ 持续关注 `s]zk {x YjMbd?v Management representations DXw9@b 与管理层的交涉沟通 P7^TRrMF "1\RdTw Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences uvAy#, 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 h_}BmJ h_ NC#kI3 { 5 }(YMsUb 6. Reporting iKCTYXN1( 报告 <CdG[Ih 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com o8yEUnqN Appendix n$Oky-P" 附录 R&d_WB4w Audit procedure zke~!"iq 审计程序 bU@>1>b6lE