1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 R4GmUCKB=
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance !/, 6+2Ru
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 SHS:>V
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 1$oVcDLl
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 @54,
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion ~(kIr?^
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 }q9;..oL
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior J;4x-R$W
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 FDM&
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Engagement letter J&%vBg^
约定书(委托书) |4//%Ll/
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2. Planning and risk assessment D"_~Njf
规划和风险评估 xevG)
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General principles K}ACZT)Wp
一般原则 D(xgadr
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism y]Q
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持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 '0x`Oh&PK
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk /'?Fz*b
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ;m$F~!Y
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Risk-based approach !PUbaF-.6
基于风险的办法 ?P4@U9i
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business (x,w/1
了解商业的实质和知识 $+P9@Q$
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud U*F|Z4{W
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 E< nXkqD
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Materiality (level), tolerable error NfcY30}:
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 Wh[+cH"M
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Analytical procedures 32jOs|<\
分析程序 1 Y_e1tgmm
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Planning an audit X.<_TBos|
规划审计工作 ?6.vd]oNO
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Audit documentation: working papers 8;9GM^L
审计文件:工作底稿 !
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The work of others /!ZeMY:x
其他机构的文件 j-|YE?AA
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Rely on the work of experts '
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依靠专家的工作 avxI\t
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Rely on the work of internal audit 4S|! iOY
依靠内部审计工作 Im%|9g;P
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3. Internal control +aRjJ/*
内部控制
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The evaluation of internal control systems L
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对内部控制系统的评估 1;r^QAK&
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Tests of control ~(Gv/x
控制测试 pHFlO!#]|
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) Yu=4j9e_mG
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) L^rtypkJ
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. Us.yKAHPV
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ;>[).fX>/
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4.Audit evidence `*PVFm>
审计证据 d}tn/Eu?B
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence {OP-9P=p
获取足够、适当的审计证据 <K:?<F
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations @eMDRbgq;[
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 ]3hz{zqV^
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The audit of specific items 6,M>' s,N
审计的具体项目 E>TD`
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Receivables: confirmation =]oBBokV
应收帐款:确认 udB:ys
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties M]!\X6<_
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 h*)spwF-
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation #O]F5JB
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 3?Y%|ZVM
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation qhV
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银行存款和现金:银行的确认 1JgnuBX"
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Auditing sampling
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审计抽样 k<=.1cFh
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5.Review a}`4BMi3
复核 Z<En3^j
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Subsequent events aGNt?)8WPZ
随后发生的事件 #^<