1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 9d[5{"2j 9}a_:hAy/ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance G6@M&u5RT 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 l>*"mh OyV<u@[i Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 0sca4G0{ 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 } :=Tm]S lKZB?Kk^w\ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion z4M9M7)" 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 U8qtwA9t :
G\<y Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior D(-yjY8aG 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 ]0hrRA` +6wiOHB` Engagement letter Mi'8
~J 约定书(委托书) PxH72hBS 2MZCw^s> 2. Planning and risk assessment l2N]a9bq@ 规划和风险评估 ^WBuMCe 0cK{ General principles M9zfT!- 一般原则 #Zrlp.M4 {ZY+L;eg1 Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism 7i&:DePM'q 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 y6]vl=^L 8JmFi Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk b[V^86X^ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 5onm]V] !uQPc Risk-based approach orOt>5}b< 基于风险的办法 #9K-7je;j qOIW(D Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business T)r9-wOq 了解商业的实质和知识 |2{wG4 ^%O]P`
$ Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud \=_{na_ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 r@ZJ{4\Q cM&{+el Materiality (level), tolerable error HRB<Y
mP@ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 L:@7tc. Qxj JN^Q Analytical procedures xyI
}y(CN1 分析程序 ai0XL}!+ )7h$G-fe Planning an audit b0oMs=uBn 规划审计工作 %2v4<icvq LD!Q8" Audit documentation: working papers uu`G 2[t 审计文件:工作底稿 n=[/Z! qvPtyc^fN The work of others K4kMM*D 其他机构的文件 5LOo8xN hP15qKy Rely on the work of experts '3uVkp 6tF 依靠专家的工作 =ZqT3_
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Rely on the work of internal audit aA,!<^&} 依靠内部审计工作 ~ 0M'7q' 2k=#om19 3. Internal control 1')%`~ 内部控制 &Y }N|q- Dd\jHF>u The evaluation of internal control systems [UH||qW 对内部控制系统的评估 r(P(Rj2~ kBffF@{
Tests of control {E@Lft- 控制测试 AB4(+S*LA 5k.oW= Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) Oeok; : 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) :5{wf Am %\:[ o Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 62zYRs\Y)X 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 Ig
f&l`\ ]?(-[ s=;uc]9g 4.Audit evidence \ZkA>oO". 审计证据 nR-YrR*k ?U2< Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence B\XKw' 获取足够、适当的审计证据 :>C2gS@ lz?$f4TzA Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 6}!#;@D~ 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 xsD($_ jWrj?DV,2N The audit of specific items hbY5l}\5 审计的具体项目 oaIi2=Tf Jt}Bpg!J Receivables: confirmation fSokm4]vg 应收帐款:确认 XzEc2)0'v xjKR R? Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties GJ_7h_
4 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 6V7B;tB q-}Fvel u Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation {A05u3} 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 *Qg _F6y ,Vt/(x- Bank and cash: bank confirmation &tg&5_ 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 kH
G"XTL ;6>2"{NW Auditing sampling \nPEyw,U 审计抽样 t%E!o0+8Z .K1FKC$C 5.Review
;wz^gdh; 复核 )-a'{W/t [PNT\ElT Subsequent events m}7iTDJR9 随后发生的事件 |#]@Z)xa x-^`~p B><d9d hoK>~:; _./Sk|C Going concern PoG-Rqe 持续关注 tMf}
RBs-_o+ % Management representations U:^PC
x` 与管理层的交涉沟通 Y 0d<~* W3MJ
r&p Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences :bwjJ}F 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 )48QBz? (|klSz_4LM O$_)G\\\m 6. Reporting au:
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6~ 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com (nf~x Appendix }fb#G<3 附录 -p]1=@A<} Audit procedure ywGd> @ 审计程序 ~*z% e*EL