1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 ~Q&J\'GQH wb0$FZzh Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance {V6&((E8 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 Ca|egQv |}z)>E Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors wM+1/[7 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 ,AP0*Ln ~w?02FU Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion vN Bg&m 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 W:_-I4q~ FJ_7<4ET Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior +/ZIs|B4,z 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 w"v!+~/9 *%Rmdyn Engagement letter 6kYluV+j 约定书(委托书) F\ B/q suY47DCX) 2. Planning and risk assessment gQ_<;'m)2 规划和风险评估 >Uw:cq AELj"=RA General principles dH y9
wU 一般原则 4>d4g\Z0L
A7%d Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism P_(8+)ud- 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 {DRk{>K, YzESVTh Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk QTy=VLk43 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 l7|z]v- YvJFZ_faX Risk-based approach <Ht"t]u*Bn 基于风险的办法 vGkemJ^/ C?\(?%B Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 8A#,*@V[ 了解商业的实质和知识 k+J%o%* < h.edb6 Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud M~A#_%2U 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 T#ls2UL*xh ,b*?7R Materiality (level), tolerable error 1SExlU 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 e$[O J<t 8 0tA5AP Analytical procedures U#z"t&o=L 分析程序 \n{#r`T uj8saNu Planning an audit Z[#8F&QV!m 规划审计工作 I~&*^q6 | K(+=V)'Dz Audit documentation: working papers NNt n 审计文件:工作底稿 ~P\4
N >V"{]v The work of others C
m:AU; 其他机构的文件 ~O}r<PQ |/Vq{gxp+ Rely on the work of experts `i`P}W!F 依靠专家的工作 t/[2{'R4 vFUp$[ Rely on the work of internal audit <f>77vh0 依靠内部审计工作 nt2b}u>* Ue}1(2.v 3. Internal control WsHDIp 内部控制 d:'{h"M6 {y"Kn'1 The evaluation of internal control systems 9K$
x2U 对内部控制系统的评估 G#%Sokkb' I'5[8 Tests of control sP
Nm.W$_ 控制测试 /nO_e e|tx`yA Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) F$UL.`X
_/ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) (dg,w*t
' gt8dFcm|s Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc.
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u+~) 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 n*[ZS[I z};|.N} /we]i1-9 4.Audit evidence Mi.#x_ 审计证据 ef'kG"1 }1 O"?6 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence ;Rv WF ) 获取足够、适当的审计证据 q7CLxv
&QG ,1I-%6L Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations z?DCQ 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 lf-.c$.> k~)CJ6} The audit of specific items "nz\YQdg 审计的具体项目 CzlG#?kU?2 G ]h Receivables: confirmation 6$OmOCA% 应收帐款:确认 X+Sqw5rH ^|<>`i6 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties =Htt'""DN 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 lW"0fZ_x'E ?GX@&_ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 6|=]i-8 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 ,|*Gr"Q= GJdL1ptc Bank and cash: bank confirmation }k.yLcXM 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 ]EK(k7nH ;8<HB1 &, Auditing sampling ?n#$y@U 审计抽样 ]U#of O 1V]ws}XW 5.Review
P<>NV4 复核 <<-L,0 6D]fDeH\ Subsequent events bGwOhd<. 随后发生的事件 8pEA3py fTpG>*{p "$N$:B @U m$C1Ea-wnT ;'Hu75ymo Going concern nP[Z6h 持续关注 0xZ^ f}@L B.=n U Management representations @|cHDltH 与管理层的交涉沟通 1>[#./@ >&\.{ aj Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences
kMW9UUw 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 >-V632(/{o (Q*x"G#4> r?u4[
Oe# 6. Reporting Ytc[ kp 报告 PK|qiu-O&* 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com 4"|3pMr Appendix uhj]le! 附录 HY_>sD Audit procedure xyo~p,(~t 审计程序 LL);Ym9d