1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 V9_HC f X2YOD2<v Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance %:?QE
; 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 \q'fB?bS^ 9/(c cj Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors iBC>w+t14 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 m@u`$rOh oD@jtd>b% Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion i(iP}:3 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 Q5n :f+ >o#wP Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior
uE`|0 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 /t)c fFM ,D2_Z] Engagement letter B~zg" 约定书(委托书) E2H<{Q
vcO`j<` 2. Planning and risk assessment r Ob"S* 规划和风险评估 7O{O')o! zf>^2t*\ General principles kseJm+Hc 一般原则 "IS^ajaq R 0HVLQI Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism W
d56B+ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 >-5Gt )NmlV99q Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk {V%O4/ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 )z235}P
L2.`1Aag Risk-based approach UW[{d/.wC 基于风险的办法 u<=KC/vZe zZ"U9!T Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business F*JvpI[7n 了解商业的实质和知识 A
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H|QAMfOu Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud !FO^:V<|5 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 apD=>O /dJ)TW(Ir Materiality (level), tolerable error Dnm.!L8 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 "E)++\JL oA;Ty7s Analytical procedures 795Jwv 分析程序 X0Z-1bs ~/jxB)t Planning an audit O< tnM<"( 规划审计工作 t)gi.Ed1"L \btR^;_\A Audit documentation: working papers +}1hU
:qW 审计文件:工作底稿 Ig Vo%)n vo6[2.HS The work of others =PFR{=F 其他机构的文件 CnSX K+@eH#Cv,( Rely on the work of experts
Ep\ 依靠专家的工作 5u|=;Hz*) seuN,jpt Rely on the work of internal audit nz(q)"A 依靠内部审计工作 ^/C$L8# nJ*mEB
3. Internal control 7}'A)C>J; 内部控制 x #tu `!omzE*bk5 The evaluation of internal control systems _h1 HuL 对内部控制系统的评估 ~i }+P71
5Hwo)S]r Tests of control S@}B:}2 控制测试 JU'WiR
bcb 5&<d2EG6l' Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) \7t5U7v8U 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 9jMC|oE G=C5T( Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. vNz;#Je 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 vdH+>l o
T|P1t. "s>fV9YyZ 4.Audit evidence )ew[ Ak| 审计证据 HCJ8@nki
xA& Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence XJmFJafQD 获取足够、适当的审计证据 ,ykPQzO -OrY{^F Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations vr{'FMc 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 \7,MZt /i{tS`[F2a The audit of specific items A \MfF 审计的具体项目 <o&o=Y8 `! nJS| Receivables: confirmation
KbwTj*k[ 应收帐款:确认 1iNsX\M f`hyYp`d5 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties DHm[8 Qp 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 :F7k{~ C#Hcv*D Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation I%}L@fZ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 ` URSv,( O->_/_ Bank and cash: bank confirmation !Tn0M; 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 ='dLsh4P2N a[1
sA12 Auditing sampling ;.ysCF 审计抽样 1z~k1usRK IjG5X[@ 5.Review
xdd:yrC 复核 jDlA<1 4? m/*VV Subsequent events X,RT<GNNb 随后发生的事件 L w>-7) 3yTQ 45x,|h[F{5 !}>eo2$r^ ";PG%_( Going concern `OKo=e~, 持续关注 &sm
@ koOy Z> Management representations r0F_; 与管理层的交涉沟通 5oz>1 |EF>Y9
Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences O6y @G
.+ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 +w "XNl 0TTIaa$ Bj@x$v#/^ 6. Reporting f5@.^hi[ 报告 p{NPcT%& 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com )fNGB]% Appendix (E!%v`_0 附录 "@.Z#d|Y Audit procedure n}19?K]g 审计程序 Dba+z-3Nzy