1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 &}N=a
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance U2~7qC,!Do
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 !+Ia#(
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors gtizgUS7
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 u>e4;f`F
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion Av3qoH)[<
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 aDXdr\C6
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior <X5'uve
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 :
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Engagement letter z@\r V@W5
约定书(委托书) o'9K8q\1
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2. Planning and risk assessment c_oI?D9
规划和风险评估 WGG
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General principles T!GX^nn*O
一般原则 .'+*>y!
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism D'dE!CAUs
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 G'*_7HD
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk /~k)#44
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 >o\s'i[
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Risk-based approach ,}9 G|
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基于风险的办法 8UAbTqB-
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business K]0Q=HY{.
了解商业的实质和知识 ]6PX4oK_t
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud cyR K&J
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 BseK?`]U"
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Materiality (level), tolerable error 2(s+?n.N
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 a,B2;4"
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Analytical procedures j _r?4k
分析程序 ;B8#Nf
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Planning an audit P|rsq|',
规划审计工作 lu]Z2xSv
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Audit documentation: working papers zw13Tu
审计文件:工作底稿 (WW*yv.J
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The work of others P>*g'OK^!G
其他机构的文件 q T16th[D
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Rely on the work of experts 3$]SP1Mc(
依靠专家的工作 Bl)znJ^
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Rely on the work of internal audit OokBi 02b
依靠内部审计工作 50 s)5G#
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3. Internal control mLa0BIP
内部控制 9t`Z_HwdCb
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The evaluation of internal control systems $On
对内部控制系统的评估 5if4eitS
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Tests of control uO4kCK<7C
控制测试 "E? 8.`T
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) `(SWE+m1g
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) M<f=xY2$v
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. X>i`z
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 o6@Hj+,,
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4.Audit evidence ZI<p%IQ
审计证据 ?*I
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence "82<}D^;
获取足够、适当的审计证据 P#_8$#G3
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations =r<0l=
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 i(eLE"G+
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The audit of specific items v>vU]6l
审计的具体项目 D,aJ`PK~
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Receivables: confirmation =c)O8
应收帐款:确认 W#pA W
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties 8"C;I=]8
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 <lk_]+ XJ3
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation (qE*z
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 /o<tmK_m
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation ^k&T