1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 QurW/a Qr$;AZ G Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance EVNY*&p 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 +r<0zh,n. V}zEK0n(6 Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors D2,z)O%VK 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 &c*^VL\ V,[d66H=N Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion P(K>=O 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 e~"fn*" Bk+{RN(w Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior @_LN3zP 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为
2~t[RY YXI'gn2b# Engagement letter PClMQL# 约定书(委托书) \2vg{ FEJ~k1z 2. Planning and risk assessment nYJTKU 规划和风险评估 s|NjT
XyOl:>%L!P General principles ku..aG` 一般原则 q`G, L( ]7Z{ 8)T Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism e0$=!QlPr 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ]]"jw
{W}A p3}?fej&| Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk V._(q^ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 C*G=cs\i A3ZY~s#Iv Risk-based approach # (- Qx 基于风险的办法 =Z+nX0qF }`NU@O# Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business /P
2[:[w 了解商业的实质和知识 g9Yz*Nee< {Ions~cO) Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud }>[G5[\
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ^7.h%lSg 2"-S<zM Materiality (level), tolerable error Kn?lHH*w7 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 `w.AQ?p@ 7^Yk`Z?|a Analytical procedures U`]T~9I 分析程序 Kb^>-[Yx E{2Eoj;gq Planning an audit 1U,1)<z~u 规划审计工作 5H9r=a Ve/xnn]' Audit documentation: working papers 8x[YZ@iM- 审计文件:工作底稿 aBz
szp]l+ fkSwD( The work of others *;XWLd# 其他机构的文件 n\ Hs@. qSejLh6 Rely on the work of experts @;?T~^nGj 依靠专家的工作 ;zdxs'hJ 3.)b4T Rely on the work of internal audit nJbb
zQ,e 依靠内部审计工作 l)-Mq@V 5p
+ZD7jK 3. Internal control I_q~*/<h 内部控制 P6Mhbmt9* ]LZ`LL'#Y_ The evaluation of internal control systems Hp|}~xjn 对内部控制系统的评估 Cbs5dn(Y J/6`oh?,Q Tests of control i7LJ&g/) 控制测试 !7d*v3)d /(8a~f&%r Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) HBB{m 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) wdvLx wJlX4cT4YV Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. j:bgR8%e 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 #*>E*#?t :L
3&FA iL7VFo:Q 4.Audit evidence n& $^04+i 审计证据 {5|("0[F |*mL1#bB Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence U,Mx@KdV 获取足够、适当的审计证据 rbZ[!LA aV1lJ;0 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations p#KW$OQ]8 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 H7[6yh Q7bq
The audit of specific items Q# ?wXX47 审计的具体项目 aJqeD'\> A*tKF&U5 Receivables: confirmation \b*X:3g* 应收帐款:确认 m%#`y\]I ir3VTqz Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties
>`jU`bR@ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 0qFH
s 6>
{r6ixs1 Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation t_ur&.^SB 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 5HS~op2n/ &2I*0 Bank and cash: bank confirmation _DP|-bp D 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 iK_c.b Ejq#~
Zhr! Auditing sampling k#:2'!7G 审计抽样 "gW7<ilw
{0YAzZ7 5.Review
~]L}p 复核 3_5XHOdE
StYzGJ Subsequent events f
Mf&?`V 随后发生的事件 Wd(86idnc SNT5Am z! 4O{Avt7C YH:8<O,{- k6\^p;!Y Going concern =GR'V 持续关注 &
GWkq> <1~^C Management representations <JI&
{1 与管理层的交涉沟通 )yxT+g2! ~9$X3.+ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 1QJBb \ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 .>6 Wv0 mE#nU(+Ta z"F*\xa 6. Reporting g\M5:Qm
报告 99iUOw c 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com b*,3<