1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 \,UpFuU\ \a#{Y/j3 Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance l*r8.qp 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 _Y{8FN(4 m:6^yfS Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 7aF'E1e'3 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 2 m"2>gX *5|;eN Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion Vy.gr4Cm 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 .Us)YVbk iXoEdt) Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior Ow#a|@ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 ^}w@&Bj
e C F,-l
B Engagement letter 8v<802
约定书(委托书) M]Kxg; Abw=x4d(i 2. Planning and risk assessment YkN0,6 规划和风险评估 Arr(rM v}cTS@0 General principles *VUD!`F 一般原则 A#o ~nC< X-,mNvz Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism w"Q/ 6#!K 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 w@![rH6~F
dguN<yS-E Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk yG'
5: 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ;L*Ku'6Mt q`Rc \aWB% Risk-based approach N*1{yl76x 基于风险的办法 s![Di Z|#G+$"QV Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business wsKOafrV 了解商业的实质和知识 .OM^@V~T gmqL,H# Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud |j2$G~B6 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 W>_K+:t _:1s7EC Materiality (level), tolerable error !MyCxM6 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 qo*%S eqY8;/ Analytical procedures 5y~Srb?2 分析程序 N
x;Oz {3* Ne / Planning an audit tqFE>ojlI 规划审计工作 Q)/oU\ ]as+gZ8 Audit documentation: working papers H3xMoSs 审计文件:工作底稿 3j6Am{9 ;u?L>(b The work of others FyhLMW3 其他机构的文件 jt
v<{7a PL|ea~/ Rely on the work of experts B9:
i.rQ 依靠专家的工作 01<Ti
" [BTOs4f Rely on the work of internal audit 8b[<:{[YB 依靠内部审计工作 4n0Iw I `'E(L& 3. Internal control iu iVr$E 内部控制 x+bC\,q Z [YSET The evaluation of internal control systems %BwvA_T'Q 对内部控制系统的评估 <{cf'"O7 ) xU F5
Tests of control $/kZKoF{f 控制测试 #|QA_5 | /X+2K}3 Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) "=Cjm`9~j 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) NtG^t}V _Wtwh0[r* Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. yIu_DFq% 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ~,Kx"VK $}t;c62 \'6%Ld5km 4.Audit evidence blKF78 审计证据 d$HPpi1LL QKI g5I- Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence J(5#fo{Q.g 获取足够、适当的审计证据 fD*jzj7o, wz{&0-md*' Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations f_z]kA
+H 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 2-%9k)KH fp?/Dg"49. The audit of specific items iBk1QRdn 审计的具体项目 Z_4|L+i<{ 'd]t@[# Receivables: confirmation *&~(>gNF, 应收帐款:确认 k !V@Q!>, +yxL}=4s Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties )C$pjjo/` 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 @2~;)* 6eQa@[.Q Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation W.l#@p 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 *{(tg~2'( g~XR#vl$ Bank and cash: bank confirmation zym6b@+jN 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 MDoV84Fh nP0rg Auditing sampling g f<vQb| 审计抽样 ;+*/YTkC+P 0.&-1pw 5.Review
H`4KhdqR 复核 S])*LUi G%>{Z?!B Subsequent events > .K 随后发生的事件 qb$M.-\ne N_E)f z,RjQTd _q}^#- yeLd,
M/I Going concern 24k;.o 持续关注 eMtQa;Lc9o i.gagb Management representations Lb~'
I=9D 与管理层的交涉沟通 13A~."b N j:W6? A Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences |<JBo
E]3B 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 !$p E=~1C l6N"{iXU ir~4\G! 6. Reporting 1sq1{|NW~ 报告 7w}]9wCN? 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com P"|-)d Appendix }[y_Fr0 附录 ~&WBA]w'+ Audit procedure >$7{H] 审计程序 B.}j1Bb