1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 `0D+
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance Dp8(L ]6
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 uw]Jm"=w
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors f+&yc
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审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 M%/D:0
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion W3b\LnUa
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 H\T
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior '5%DKz
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 vj
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Engagement letter 4J s>yP
约定书(委托书) dZ*o H#B
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2. Planning and risk assessment 4?Io@[7A)
规划和风险评估 $aG'.0HW
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General principles =GF+
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一般原则 Vr'Z5F
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism UxW
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持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 X*T9`]l6
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk aUnm9ur
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 MIgIt"M jz
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Risk-based approach -Jhf]
基于风险的办法 {PU[MHZF
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business m2;%|QE(
了解商业的实质和知识
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud t/3veDh@
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Z5\6ca
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Materiality (level), tolerable error Uc4
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重要性(级别),可容忍误差 !MbRI
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Analytical procedures P5N"7/PfW
分析程序 4ngiad6bR
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Planning an audit CTwP{[%Pk
规划审计工作 :A[ Gtc(_
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Audit documentation: working papers HwDb &pP"
审计文件:工作底稿 w:qwU\U>x
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The work of others `p!.K9r7
其他机构的文件 h.67]U7m
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Rely on the work of experts PgVM>
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依靠专家的工作 !l'Zar
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Rely on the work of internal audit 4F'@yi^Gt
依靠内部审计工作 ^0r@",
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3. Internal control G",+jR]
内部控制 }\1V;T
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The evaluation of internal control systems
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对内部控制系统的评估 rIu>JyC"p
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Tests of control blLX ncyD
控制测试 v'|Dj^3[
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) Ngg (<ZN
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) [x@iqFO9
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. F.JE$)B2EX
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 p}C3<[Nk
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4.Audit evidence ^fRA$t
审计证据 I+}h+[W
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence yM>c**9
获取足够、适当的审计证据 %R}}1
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations k+_pj k
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 T;I a;<mfE
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The audit of specific items ?:UDK?
审计的具体项目 lx%<oC+M
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Receivables: confirmation X.g1
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应收帐款:确认 4O2O0\o:
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties kGCd!$fsk
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 \vKMNk;kz
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation d'PjO-"g
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 y+@7k3"
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation M,NYF`;a
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 ao Y"uT+
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Auditing sampling
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审计抽样 \
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5.Review @ 3FTf"#Y
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Subsequent events 9=Y-w s
随后发生的事件 g;vG6!;E\
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Going concern ,{7Z OzA
持续关注 Kh}#At^C8e
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Management representations EC|t4u3
与管理层的交涉沟通 u1(`^^Ml
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Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences *JUP~/Nr
审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 <