1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 WSKG8JT^|
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance |l`X]dsfQ
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 XBdC/DM[
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors Ds$FO}KD{
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 NhS0D=v6
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion u7<B*d:
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 @| qnD
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior +);o{wfW
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 :Dw;RcZQ
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Engagement letter [P`Q_L,+
约定书(委托书) Y+F$]!hw
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2. Planning and risk assessment l3)(aay!
规划和风险评估 0&$e:O'v
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General principles cg}46)^<QH
一般原则 ]nEN3RJ
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism 6^s]2mMfk
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 &B/cy<;y,
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk k;#$Oxa>t=
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 RHz'Dz>0
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Risk-based approach )Tpc8Hr
基于风险的办法 )p).}"
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 5MO:hE5sm
了解商业的实质和知识 P)tX U
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud 6 7~m9pk
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 oy;N3
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Materiality (level), tolerable error AuX&
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 \V +$2
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Analytical procedures /1gKc}rB2
分析程序 <xOpm8
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Planning an audit @$F(({?
规划审计工作 iShB^
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Audit documentation: working papers f]0kG
审计文件:工作底稿 s@'};E^]@r
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The work of others pz:$n_XC}
其他机构的文件 J3}^\k=p"
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Rely on the work of experts R5H
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依靠专家的工作 KQNSYI7a
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Rely on the work of internal audit @lc1Ipfk"
依靠内部审计工作 _(0!bUs>
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3. Internal control {t;Q#Ou.
内部控制 %Jq(,u
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The evaluation of internal control systems }V ;PaX
对内部控制系统的评估 D@"q2 !
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Tests of control st:[|`
控制测试 W7O%.xP
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 7Aq4YjbX
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) t8U)za
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. _U.8
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交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 R0gjx"U
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4.Audit evidence nR!qolh
审计证据 c5mv4 MC
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence 0Dc$nL?TqX
获取足够、适当的审计证据 ~5:]Oux
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations BaR9X ?~O$
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 $*G]6s
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The audit of specific items V.1sb
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审计的具体项目 [j1SX-NX
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Receivables: confirmation s%H5Qa+Uh
应收帐款:确认 kFw3'OZ,
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties 1k-^LdDj
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 3-hu'xSU
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation @H]g_yw [:
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 0 -=onX
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation ,HUs MCXQ
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 TJ?}5h5
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Auditing sampling O)\xElu
审计抽样 yXg783B|v
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5.Review @wl80v
复核 u17Da9@;
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Subsequent events U%t:]6d&}
随后发生的事件 ~
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Going concern )n5]+VTZ5
持续关注 zp% MK+x
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Management representations I@pnZ-5
与管理层的交涉沟通 7M3q|7?
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Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences L6r&