1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 cUy6/x9&
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance %LVk%kz
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 Wa[~)A
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors }#yRaIp
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 ^5;Y
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion MGmtA(
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 X
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior 7rhpIP2n
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 Rj E,Wn
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Engagement letter uH
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约定书(委托书) 0kCUz
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2. Planning and risk assessment "&2D6
规划和风险评估 hw1ZTD:Y
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General principles ueWG/`ig
一般原则 c6lEWC:
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism pP".?|n
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 WVo%'DtF`
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk :+R||qi
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 \!YPht
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Risk-based approach fqZ!Bi
基于风险的办法 @9c^{x\4
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business !'[sV^ds
了解商业的实质和知识 iSsy_ |
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud MRJ dQCBV
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 %9zcc)cP
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Materiality (level), tolerable error U2Ur N?T
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 @:c
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Analytical procedures H$[--_dI{
分析程序 JdV!m`XpXy
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Planning an audit J#X 7Ss
规划审计工作 p 3_Q
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Audit documentation: working papers <~Y4JMr"
审计文件:工作底稿 =1esUO[nx
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The work of others ~ R* 6w($
其他机构的文件 \?C(fpR
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Rely on the work of experts (JM4W
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依靠专家的工作 APLu?wy7s5
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Rely on the work of internal audit .z{7
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依靠内部审计工作 lv\2vRYw-
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3. Internal control q,*IR*B:a
内部控制 |MBnRR
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The evaluation of internal control systems iYnw?4Y
对内部控制系统的评估 I{RktO;1
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Tests of control nrf%/L
控制测试 @E==~ b
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) '17=1\Ss6;
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) B@s\>QMm
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. !W3Le$aL
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 NuP@eeF>,
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4.Audit evidence HQE#O4
审计证据 P/y-K0u
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence Us%VBq
获取足够、适当的审计证据 >Ek`PVPD
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations qt1#P
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 lLg23k{'
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The audit of specific items Bf-&[ 5N}
审计的具体项目 .*zQ\P
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Receivables: confirmation bh_ALu^CSX
应收帐款:确认 Onc!5L
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties >kB?C!\
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 T&S<