1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 bUipp\[aV (+]Ig> t Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance Q@3ld6y 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 il `C,CD }[hDg6i Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors g:@Cg.q8 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 ]8q%bsl+ *`\4j*$^ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 9v5.4a} 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 .q|xMS}4 B<|q{D$N/ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior IAt+S-q0 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 MO(5-R` 6i?kkULBS Engagement letter
t`&s 约定书(委托书) \a~;8):q=i mtHi9).,y| 2. Planning and risk assessment /M{)k_V 规划和风险评估 $)i"[ 6P/9Vh j' General principles \sXmMc 一般原则 +(=[M]5#n c+\Gd}IJq Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism :
u|UVp5 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 <T=o]M$
nu1w: Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk +$pO 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 w-q=.RSTn= s3f
GX|; Risk-based approach u0$5Fd&X 基于风险的办法 u.xA}yVS F0o18k_" Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business }~0{1& 了解商业的实质和知识 _tg3%X] ES:p^/ =* Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud 5
"Xo R) 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 nG(|7x Q=9VuTE Materiality (level), tolerable error 8)Bn?6. 重要性(级别),可容忍误差
_ jM6ej< Lh5+fk~i~8 Analytical procedures D-;43>yi< 分析程序 E'6z7m. 5E!|on Planning an audit >+W?!9[p:2 规划审计工作 &opH\wa Ni;{\"Gt Audit documentation: working papers 70 DQ/b 审计文件:工作底稿 *Sp O|*' rt4|GVa The work of others jind!@}! 其他机构的文件 Q0oDl8~ u>-uRz<)t Rely on the work of experts =F;^^VX 依靠专家的工作 QH56
tQq MJk:s[o Rely on the work of internal audit l=.InSuLT 依靠内部审计工作 U S~JLJI ,HjHt\!~< 3. Internal control {~
vPq 内部控制 @zpHemdB !-Tmu The evaluation of internal control systems i_Q4bhVj 对内部控制系统的评估 P24 z@40g)R2A Tests of control jq]\oY8y 控制测试 8CHf. SXh yyYbB
]D Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) <GU(/S!} 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) m+JG
e5fR< ? F:C!_ Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. dXr
!_)i 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 E9NGdp&-Ah ?%TM7Z4 UHm+5%ZC 4.Audit evidence Y K 62#
; 审计证据 |kRx[UL Sr-^faL Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence >!WBlSy 获取足够、适当的审计证据 ' [M2Q"X @ F"ShT0 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations fxCPGj 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 /t2<OU9 &rE l The audit of specific items b8xfV{3 L 审计的具体项目 A-NC,3 Kh_>V m/ Receivables: confirmation xn#I7]]G 应收帐款:确认 t7&
GCZ aIyY%QT Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties "g&l~N1$ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 <UHf7:0V o]k]pNO Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation +R jD\6bJb 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 mCP +7q7 ,}$x'8v Bank and cash: bank confirmation q+=@kXs>+ 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 _p^ "! HGMH
g Auditing sampling {.[,ee-)9 审计抽样
WN?`Od:y nWg)zj: 5.Review
|Szr=[ 复核 ~]s"PV:| rb4g<f| Subsequent events "U~@o4u; 随后发生的事件 ]uXsl0'`V Yl3PZ*#@ Q 6aK2{-+ `'t;BXedz/ G~j<I/)" Going concern 6>^k9cJp 持续关注 jtJ8r5j 1 833t0Ml1A/ Management representations --hnv/AjI 与管理层的交涉沟通 yM ~D.D3H Jm^jz Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences d|HM 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 %HS!^j3C% !S}Au Mw pIjVJ9+j 6. Reporting &xT~;R^ 报告 BFRSYwPr 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com fXQRsL8
] Appendix 3`!KndY1 附录 U~c;W@T Audit procedure 1F8EL)9 审计程序 s&hP^tKT