1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 Dg&84,bv^ Fn4v/)*H Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance T1LYJ]5 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 k+<945kC Hbm 4oYN Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors bJ^
JK 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 zWsr|= [ Z8$}Rpo Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 5]xuU.w' 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 7|rH9Bc{U 4aW@c<-r? Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior lqzt[z gN 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 oA1_W).wJ u9lZHh#V- Engagement letter kfy!T rf 约定书(委托书) 4S_ -9&z &|yLTx 2. Planning and risk assessment {#,<)wFV\ 规划和风险评估 PEMkx"h + rp Nb. General principles e#Tv5O 一般原则 .*O*@)}Ud %#6@PQ[R. Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism mScv7S~/s 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 x4_IUIgh f/Gx}
x= Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk Rr) 5[ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 jhu
&Wh c`6c)11K Risk-based approach !_W:%t)g 基于风险的办法 ou,[0B3n0 G0FzXtu)q Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business `~1!nfFD 了解商业的实质和知识 e`*}?N4d UwN Vvo Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud Y&|Z*s+
+} 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 j,IRUx13f AtT7~cVe Materiality (level), tolerable error :]3X Ez 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 rd <
m:r d;i|s[6ds` Analytical procedures WBe0^=x 分析程序 {X{R] }=R]<`Sj.j Planning an audit hmy%X`%j 规划审计工作 ?K1B^M=8 -I<
>Ab Audit documentation: working papers 6BE,L 审计文件:工作底稿
)p&g!qA ;(Yb9Mr)z The work of others MK<
y$B{} 其他机构的文件 o3WOp80hz bM W|:rn Rely on the work of experts )u?f| D 依靠专家的工作 7iB!Uuc XF`2*:7 Rely on the work of internal audit VRo&1: 依靠内部审计工作 _3IT3mb2n -t-f&`S|| 3. Internal control ]m1fo' 内部控制 kk4 |4 ?Y=aO(}=h The evaluation of internal control systems !j~wAdHk 对内部控制系统的评估 4&)sROjV= 7?lz$.*Avp Tests of control so))J`ca) 控制测试 ct+F\:e {i;,Io7W Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) iUkUo x 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) kBUkE-~ !Vpi1N\ Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. f \&X$g 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 >t+ ENYb ]3r}>/2( Ae5A@4 4.Audit evidence bWyimr&B 审计证据 4[ uqsJB ?<Qbp;WBo Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence oXo>pl 获取足够、适当的审计证据 *tjaac;z<J `$
a!CJu, Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations If'q8G3]- 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 :>-zT[Lcn w4
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2 The audit of specific items ^}
{r@F 审计的具体项目 )x-b+SC B>{%$@4 Receivables: confirmation
^^q&VL 应收帐款:确认 jUT`V
ZK4& YNr5*P1 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties E}wT5t;u 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 Mo/R+\u+Y
9qX$ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation r3V1l8M
V 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 !~
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<K- Bank and cash: bank confirmation VQIvu)I 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 wv~:^v' dv+Gv7&2/ Auditing sampling .!1[I{KU 审计抽样 (KI9j7 m.++nF 5.Review
j"Jf|Hq $ 复核 6R :hs C$ 9hr7+fW]t Subsequent events u|KjoO
随后发生的事件 8Z!%rS RvG=GJJ9 Q{~g<G <NZPLo F 2ZxhV4\ Going concern
$9%F1:u 持续关注 NX\AQVy9 #WjQ'c: Management representations X~IilGL8: 与管理层的交涉沟通 Z/,
R{Jgt" GR|\OJ<2 Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences =
#-zK:4 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 97
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-k + jMH 6. Reporting ?22U0UF 报告 :uo
)-9_ 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com K/9Jx(I,qL Appendix ]QlW{J 附录 ;PaU"z+Je~ Audit procedure 0SvPr[ > 审计程序 1IoW}yT