1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计
^CtA@4 /#]4lFk:h Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance >kN%R8*Sx
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 PL6f**{-
Fb:Z. Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors U$+G9 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 }X;LR\^u[f pZA0Go2!IN Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion qL
0{w7 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 D$W09ng- +_E\Omcw Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior wFHbz9|@I 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 Z
8yt8O gWZzOH* Engagement letter M6mJ'Q482 约定书(委托书) <8_~60 4#c-?mh_ 2. Planning and risk assessment PRyZ; @ 规划和风险评估 O,+ZD^ Y8$,So>~ General principles xD|CQo}: 一般原则 6_#:LFke 74u_YA<" Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism @UG%B7 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ( ;(DI^Un8 9R6]OL)p Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 2&+Nr+P 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ;xKPa6`E 4{Q{>S*h Risk-based approach |[lmW% 基于风险的办法 "F3M m 8U$(9X Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 0K*|B.O 了解商业的实质和知识 Munal=wL {0t-Q k Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud j4fv-{=$ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ^zs]cFN#% =bwuLno> Materiality (level), tolerable error ^jiYcg@_[ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ]?$eBbt 2xx Analytical procedures *=p[;V 分析程序 'Rg6JW\ }bZ
cVc2 Planning an audit |sIr}} 规划审计工作 u#c3T'E Oz:J8l% Audit documentation: working papers MS~|F^g 审计文件:工作底稿 g=gWkN
< {@7{!I|eD The work of others X4bB
其他机构的文件
8FmRD 5,,b>Z< Rely on the work of experts A3#^R%2)W 依靠专家的工作 k m(Mv 6S2u%-] Rely on the work of internal audit 4-wCk=I 依靠内部审计工作 r-,P <.HDv:
3. Internal control b# RTHe&X 内部控制 n:#
gKR-J ;Ww s;.~ The evaluation of internal control systems OK6c"*<z 对内部控制系统的评估 M]RbaXZ9 Jn/"(mM Tests of control MBO3y&\S4 控制测试 _?+gfi+ |1@/gqa Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 9P M\D@A{ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) g3`:d)| h ?Ni5 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. wy1xZQ<5 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 juAUeGT j%V95M%$
xMb)4 cw} 4.Audit evidence #:5vN-9? 审计证据 &QoV(%:] J!5>8I(_wX Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence '^!1A GF 获取足够、适当的审计证据 k$u/6lw]IB %nmD>QCe Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations
ZMI!Sl 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 S5W*
,? )<vU F]e~ The audit of specific items @
z{E 审计的具体项目 k!^Au8Up? OjUZ-_J Receivables: confirmation n&`=.[+A 应收帐款:确认 xjplJ'jB
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G Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties )Hp{8c 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 4Hk eXS. xP3v65Q1 Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation Mu>GgQSZ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 =Z($n:m=* 4]VoIUIuN Bank and cash: bank confirmation &6yh4-(7 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 <ah!! RO]Vn]qb Auditing sampling ?0{8fGM4 审计抽样 cr&sI=i ex-0@ 5.Review
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复核 }=+J&cR /]mfI&l+9 Subsequent events |fJpX5W-l 随后发生的事件 4l7FV<g k4:e0Wd e)Be*J]4 uh][qMyLM f:=y)+@1My Going concern x/UmpJD+ 持续关注
S#kA$yO xcF:moL Management representations
OMi_')J 与管理层的交涉沟通 KKPQ[3g E% ?X-$a Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 3XCePA5z 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 /!V)2j, kb27$4mm )Y
P"\E 6. Reporting Z|8oD*, 报告 0#gu7n|J 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com oi@/H\7j Appendix <3[,bTIk 附录 7_HJ|QB Audit procedure 6@"lIKeP 审计程序 th$?#4SbR