1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 |d5L
Ifb( ]-'9|N*}l Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance >slN:dr0: 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 BP[U`
! 1QJ$yr Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors )/Xrhhx 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 3b3cNYP Mak9qaWqF> Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion NACY;XQ% 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 9AYe,
R _;q-+"6L; Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior
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pe 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 #P-HV V
3]p3 Engagement letter 3=l-jGJk 约定书(委托书) SU'1#$69F [U(&A
e0V> 2. Planning and risk assessment y:OywIi( 规划和风险评估 93Gur(j^ 9(F?|bfk General principles <e&QTyb 一般原则 'TrrOq4 mY8=qkZE Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism 'h^DI` 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 g$"eI/
o E@jl: -*E Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk DiQkT R 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 pmyM&'#Id gwaC?tf[ Risk-based approach wmr%h q 基于风险的办法 ,Q#tA|:8j R
[9PFMn Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business \u
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d 了解商业的实质和知识 :J`!'{r ]A]E)* Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud V&oT':%q 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 c;rp@_ULG? OEE{JVeI Materiality (level), tolerable error 8}oDRN!J 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 !J=;Z9 [a)~Dui0@\ Analytical procedures pd>a6 lI` 分析程序 e~s7ggg2k ?SO F
n Planning an audit 6>BDA? 规划审计工作
01c/;B To8v#.i Audit documentation: working papers ;]ShC\1 审计文件:工作底稿 sR>;h / ~<aeA'>OA The work of others ms\/=96F 其他机构的文件 Bb[0\Hs7 Vc52s+7=8 Rely on the work of experts ,c7u 依靠专家的工作 WUWb5xA ?> M oV5 Rely on the work of internal audit `{|}LFS> 依靠内部审计工作 @oqi@&L'C 'Tf#S@o 3. Internal control ~sHZh 内部控制 W8yfa[z~J ~R?
dDL The evaluation of internal control systems Bd oC6H 对内部控制系统的评估 T3t~=b>&L Sp~Gv>uMK Tests of control
~\:j9cC 控制测试 8@W/43K8- H=o-ScA Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) C3b0`|5 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) c7l!G~yx' 4}8+)Pd Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. t2-nCRXEP 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 e7bT%h9i :YJ7J4 enbN0 4.Audit evidence rxgVT4 审计证据 G\:psx/ ;[OJ-|Q Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence nA_
zP4 获取足够、适当的审计证据 _czbUl vBnKu Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations ^0-e,d
9h 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 ZLN_,/7 K*_{Rs0P The audit of specific items 27*(oT 审计的具体项目 fs3-rXoB H7tQ# Receivables: confirmation @RoRNat 应收帐款:确认 5 <)gCHa 6h:?u4 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties PX69
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 \o62OfF! }
KD7 Y Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation yYG3/Z3u5 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 ;vI*ThzdD =!g/2;-or Bank and cash: bank confirmation f1CMR4D 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 PV]k3&y '?`@7Eol Auditing sampling TJyH/C 审计抽样 47C(\\ e\^g|60f_ 5.Review
s#+"5&!s 复核 ~E<PtDab
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4 Subsequent events n{
.*El>{ 随后发生的事件 M|[@znzR< }rKJeOo^x? _UH/}!nqB Y0Hq+7x ]F"(OWW Going concern *;OJ~zT 持续关注 _uO!N(k. -TK|Y" Management representations "RV`L[(P*k 与管理层的交涉沟通 j[m_qohd7 pB g|n=^ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences J$
6-c'8 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 H)`C ncB D0Vyh"ua nJtEUVMt 6. Reporting
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]k::J>84 Appendix "<PoJPh 附录 >-_:*/66! Audit procedure ;NiArcAS! 审计程序 p4m^ ~e