1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 e!1am%aE @[hD;xO Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance D
+CP?} / 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 =(p]L n4DKLAl Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ]+@I]\S4 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 80Z'1'u0 q#P@,|nc: Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion -zH` 9>J5| 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 T9-2"M=|< xC -&<s Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior Tu}?Q.pKo 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 yMK VF`D* kZ<"hsh,Y' Engagement letter 1p
COLC%1 约定书(委托书) qnTW?c9Z5 3mLtnRX[m 2. Planning and risk assessment eBg:[44V 规划和风险评估 VK^m]??s_ I+']av8e General principles <g{d>j 一般原则 +YCKd3/
vALH!Kh Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism Q<fDtf} 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 'qiDh[ATa ,O1/|Y Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk *QP+p,L* 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 uN9J?j*ir .dTXC' Risk-based approach p[7?0 ( 基于风险的办法 {9<c*0l _?c7{ Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business >4]y)df5 了解商业的实质和知识 \'-E[xNcWI RKO}
W#? Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud Ql{:H5 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ,!oR"b! t-VU&.Y Materiality (level), tolerable error 7s}Eq~ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 M|}V6F_y % O\zYtQR Analytical procedures T1g3`7C3 分析程序 o ^Ro 54i 8m 5T
Planning an audit P|QM0GI 规划审计工作 aP/Ff%5T 8>a%L?BY Audit documentation: working papers
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h!s 审计文件:工作底稿 ,<!v!~Iy c,FZ{O@ The work of others Ktn:6=, 其他机构的文件 .1A/hAdU ND\M Rely on the work of experts U~q2j#pJ 依靠专家的工作 q cGsx2 u{%dm5 Rely on the work of internal audit )h`8</#m{ 依靠内部审计工作 PHxNo) [SU;U['7 3. Internal control jkV9$W0 内部控制 _o'a|=Osx> ~+CEek The evaluation of internal control systems FG)(,?q 对内部控制系统的评估 %abc-q *1g3,NMA Tests of control T$*#q('1"} 控制测试 XWag+K sr-tZ^d5S? Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 3#N`n |UgC 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) PpezWo)9 8'#L+$O &N Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc.
4n6t(/]b< 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 R^&.:;Wi> fxknfgbg 0^K2"De 4.Audit evidence Y@ X>ejk" 审计证据 !24PJ\~I K8RV=3MBLD Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence 9Xh1i`.D 获取足够、适当的审计证据 *>E_lWW. TW-^C;
Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations !nL>Ly 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 pch8A0JAl) =d#(n M* The audit of specific items I+W:}}"j 审计的具体项目 (Rh$0^)A ?10L
*PD@ Receivables: confirmation vOo-jUKs 应收帐款:确认 ]DjnzClx qi$nG_<<Z Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties KW(^-:wmr 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 \hI|I!sDWy qyzH*#d=Cf Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation `Gh J)WA< 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 /<1zzeHRSD {Kz!)uaC Bank and cash: bank confirmation }U|0F#0$
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 rqz48~\lJ
Og7^7)) Auditing sampling {LBL8sG 审计抽样 @6b4YV
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n9T 5.Review
@*BVS'\ 复核 2`J#)f| {9vMc Subsequent events q\xsXM 随后发生的事件 s*R UYx 'm0_pM1:D +]p/.-Uw
i,,mt_/, UJ><B" Going concern eW;c
3< 持续关注 $}B&u ) ogqKM_ Management representations ce:wF#Qs 与管理层的交涉沟通 |h&
q Vg}+w Nt5 Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences Cz6bD$5 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 ySHpN>U qtuT%?wT@Z d2fiPI7lg 6. Reporting ki|OowP 报告 rJ(A O'= 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com B.L _EIw Appendix jT`u!CwdT 附录 A3|2;4t Audit procedure ]e$n ;tuW 审计程序 x>+sqFd\