1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 X]9<1[
f H!0m8LCnb Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance ]%-U~avph 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 P<Z` 8a[ @i> r(X Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors [z\baL| 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 117lhx].' 3n)Kzexh Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion LUxDP#~7 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 a_/4 ^+ IO&U=-pn
& Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior huA?*fat 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 ~9APc{"A I74Rw*fB Engagement letter 'hWA&Xx+ 约定书(委托书) _(?`eWo P@G U2[1 2. Planning and risk assessment s*
u1n+Zq 规划和风险评估 lb9?Uc@ #"c'eG0 General principles >&e=0@?+G 一般原则 f*"T]AX0 Fhllqh) Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism ,6MJW#~] 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 Dz$w6d VI9rezZ* Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ^S;{;c
+' 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ;{
H Dz$ Q5dqn"? Risk-based approach |S
).,B 基于风险的办法
ox<&T| &d6ud| Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business U5-8It2OR 了解商业的实质和知识 />8A?+g9u |uz<) Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ed5oN^V.< 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 \kUQe-:he
><IWF#kUA Materiality (level), tolerable error :+>7m 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 uUx7>algF ~vpF|4Zn5 Analytical procedures M0C)SU5" 分析程序 PHT<]:"`< T?[;ej: Planning an audit 5Hj/7~ = 规划审计工作 E(6P%(yt8 |6?s?tC"u Audit documentation: working papers j3%Wrt 审计文件:工作底稿 RAhDSDf 3t.!5L The work of others 1Zp/EYWa{ 其他机构的文件 cs\=8_5 n2-+.9cY Rely on the work of experts rxol7"2l 依靠专家的工作 4<}@hk
Y ,)d`_AD+5 Rely on the work of internal audit `{K-eHlrM9 依靠内部审计工作 z}-R^"40 .eVX/6, 3. Internal control E Lq1 内部控制 =,ax"C?pR `Nvhp]E
The evaluation of internal control systems !wd
wo0 对内部控制系统的评估 xWa[qCr G8w @C Tests of control 60%fva 控制测试 iNi1+sm ?P|z,n{ Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 52#
*{q} 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) Rvf{u8W _(gkYJ+MK Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 6A5.n?B{ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ZHeue_~x4 &-^*D%9 7=X6_AD 4.Audit evidence 5M'cOJ 审计证据 or;VmU8$zb By!u*vSev Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence Kc^ctAk7; 获取足够、适当的审计证据 ,-EN{ed 3I}AA.h'00 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 6=JJ!`"<2 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 q3/4l%"X NW0se
DL The audit of specific items xo @|;Z>&F 审计的具体项目 lQ ki58. <bCB-lG*Kb Receivables: confirmation }0H<G0 应收帐款:确认 zCA8}](C^ @%u}|iF| Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties \,p?pL<' 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 pcOi%D,o x%@M*4:& Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation ]P7gEBi 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 I;_T_m4.q N`N=}&v ] Bank and cash: bank confirmation |SMigSu r` 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 ZT/f .L#4#IO Auditing sampling j+AZ!$E 审计抽样 ;XZN0A2 zn= pm#L 5.Review
^hEN 复核 vFLE%z{\o sP@XV/`3L6 Subsequent events ?Y\WSI?i 随后发生的事件 VY~*QF~P BBX/ &d8n 3ZSU^v ]CS
N7Q+l f]Aa$\@b Going concern UDJ#P9uy 持续关注 Pk5\v0vkg *qL2=2 Management representations Edh9=sxL 与管理层的交涉沟通 xk8
NX-: 0VR,I{<.{ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 5gx;Bp^_ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 :|I"Em3R h;}
fdk $E:z*~? 6. Reporting Eqny'44 报告 &2@Rc?!6_P 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com l&] %APL Appendix Y@ ;/Sf$Q 附录 #X!seQ7a Audit procedure Op9+5]XF 审计程序 5>1c4u`x