1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 l9)iLOj KM4w{ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance +,7dj:0S 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 !798%T >h<eEv/ Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 1O45M/5\o 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 +-'qI_xo x@2rfs Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion J"|)?$d]z 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 PqPLy +@]1!|@( Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior (U2G" 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 n0U^gsD4J Y_>z"T Engagement letter 4DEsB)%X 约定书(委托书) :84ja>`c _@;2h`q ? 2. Planning and risk assessment I"Ji_4QV 规划和风险评估 Q'JE DH\ V-A^9AAPm General principles ixBM>mRK 一般原则 NUH;GMj,, Y:^ =jV7 Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism Jl Q%+$ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 E{T\51V]% 7oF`Os+U Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 8 jqt=}b 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 vIU+ZdBw N$pwTyk
Risk-based approach ,9|% 基于风险的办法 =G}_PRn 6\ux;lksn* Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business y;0.P?Il" 了解商业的实质和知识 H; TmG<S cL
r? B;FS Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud 1?(BWX)7 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 n8[sR;r5f Q[J,j+f< Materiality (level), tolerable error <ofXNv;` 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 aZ@4Z=LK kjaz{&P Analytical procedures 7b+OIZB 分析程序 ~Zl`Ap +Jt"JJ>% k Planning an audit _QvyFKAM 规划审计工作 oge^2 x)"=
*Jj Audit documentation: working papers HZ8
j[kO 审计文件:工作底稿 {Hp?rY@ ]~WP;o The work of others z
mr=iK 其他机构的文件 yel>-=Vn >-X&/i Rely on the work of experts YL){o$-N"J 依靠专家的工作
@KOa5-u 1"/V?ArfL Rely on the work of internal audit <$
?:| 依靠内部审计工作 4bAgbx-^ 3;>(W 3. Internal control ^{6Y7T] 内部控制 >=U$s@ )V@qH] The evaluation of internal control systems
DIk$9$"<x 对内部控制系统的评估 q{U -kuui LWVO%@)w Tests of control ]XPGlM 控制测试 #H!~:Xu l06 q1M 3 Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) P?9CBhN 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) g,,cV+ \W= Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. ~%<PEl| 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 l
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96 Ku&(+e <ht>> 4.Audit evidence T{)!>) 审计证据 an5Ss@<4AA Bs# #3{ylu Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence Q@$1!9m 获取足够、适当的审计证据 ]ei])
JI RLKO0 # Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations nn=JM7e\9 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 hA@X;Mh^w Ix(4<s
The audit of specific items dt5gQ9(B 审计的具体项目 sm_:M| [D qS2%U?S7 Receivables: confirmation &McmA 应收帐款:确认 CC)9Ks\
3zl!x Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties 61mQJHl. 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 4U6{E# VqbiZOZ@ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation ze4/XR 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 Fe= 4^. 3R{-\ZMd Bank and cash: bank confirmation JQtH},Tr 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 plf<O5' <=zGaU, Auditing sampling .1pEq~> 审计抽样 TWs|lhC7! ^M80 F 7 5.Review
sRMzU 复核 YLCwo]\+> :?p{ga9 Subsequent events "
(xS[i 随后发生的事件
@i`gR% r[,KE.^6~# JNu - z:J Gt1Up~\s {c J6Lq& Going concern %b*%'#iK 持续关注 )F~_KD)7jJ fC-^[Af) Management representations iM956 3v 与管理层的交涉沟通 }UO,R~q~ r zvX~B6 Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences asF-mf;D 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 \
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9k ew"Fr1UGYZ 6. Reporting YL.z|{\e 报告 ]SPB c 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com ~H$XSNPi Appendix e"2QV vB 附录 M ?3N Audit procedure ((5zwD 审计程序 [D,:=p`