1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 8]'qJ;E2 |brl<*: Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance b!ot%uZZ 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 ([tbFI}A /<
h~d Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors $(.[b][S 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 9q;+ Al^Z JEs?Rm1^. Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion NFU 5+X-c 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 'SvYZ0ot 7L? ~;;L$ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior :hCp@{ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 qL
UbRp 0bS\VUB( Engagement letter :a[L-lr`e 约定书(委托书) SWPr5h s?7g3H5#0k 2. Planning and risk assessment /
~w\Npf0 规划和风险评估
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NY QV4{=1A General principles YRAWylm 一般原则 50uNgLs Y(-4Agq Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism 7b \Hbg Z 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 >N{K)a 1^b-
J0 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 7M=`Z{=9 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 PIsMx -i0 j%#n}H Risk-based approach W`C2zbC 基于风险的办法 =K-B
I -*M/,O Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business g75)&U`>} 了解商业的实质和知识 M(0
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>G q}U^H Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud 0!eZ&.h?4 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 CES^
c-. k BD\xUjd?)Q Materiality (level), tolerable error K8ecSs}}J 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 .FtW$Y~y (6L[eWuTn Analytical procedures k8Qm +r<p 分析程序 v\'Eo*4
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Planning an audit 1I<D
`H% 规划审计工作 7D|g|i pGc_Klq Audit documentation: working papers hg/G7Ur" 审计文件:工作底稿 Dny5X.8 Ze~^+ EE The work of others \/xWsbG\ 其他机构的文件 c0sU1:e
0 WSz#g2a Rely on the work of experts Cb%?s 依靠专家的工作 9r+]V= mg;+Th& Rely on the work of internal audit
{F+7> X 依靠内部审计工作 Jlj=FA` pd?3_yU 3. Internal control !iN=py 内部控制 K.Nun)< 3P2H!r The evaluation of internal control systems m-xSF]q=< 对内部控制系统的评估 d3v5^5kU dq+VW}[EO Tests of control O-[ lL"T 控制测试 S zR7:U MDZ,a0?4t Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) C!6?.\U/:c 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度)
Mj&q"G jQxv`H Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. $!h21 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 O8%+5l`T! 56Z 1jN^U /o Q^j'v 4.Audit evidence 9tDo5
29 审计证据 \dO9nwa? J!b
v17H" Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence ~Gx"gK0 获取足够、适当的审计证据 LmE%`qNg Q x}\[ Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations kTZ`RW&0 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 aKkL0
D H`odQkZ! The audit of specific items u/-u
l 审计的具体项目 K;^$n>Y ;.>CDt-E] Receivables: confirmation }F=scbpXj 应收帐款:确认 9#Gz2u $ ,Dd
)= Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties .aTu]i3l_ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 | #
Z+s- ^Tgu]t Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation wQ]!Y?I 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 b9b384Q1O =|_:H$94 Bank and cash: bank confirmation 7VQ|3`!< 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 pB*8D COvcR.*0F Auditing sampling 0~
!).f 审计抽样 " |ZC2Zu< VUAW/
5.Review
/R\]tl#2j 复核 =8:m:Y&|`G ?"-%>y@w Subsequent events GG@GjP<_ 随后发生的事件 #D4gNQg@R x$ z9:'U 4&
]Sb} rV;X1x}l l-4+{6lz Going concern 0$Rl78>( 持续关注 2
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Management representations )%H@.;cD_r 与管理层的交涉沟通 r:.3P qbcaiU`-^" Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences vU=+ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 t6m&+N 2|]pD EMK>7 aks 6. Reporting bn$a7\X- 报告 tgeX~. 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com O)v?GQRj Appendix Nmu;+{19M 附录 gT3i{iU Audit procedure W\f u0^ 审计程序 ,n)f=q*%