1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 _ -,[U{
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance .dvs&+I
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 ZT,au
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors Cq-99@&;
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 y;O
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion TaKCN
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 w2U]RI\?2
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior :73T9/
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 9N|JI3*41
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Engagement letter 'SIc2H
约定书(委托书) qc.9GC
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2. Planning and risk assessment Q1H.2JXr
规划和风险评估 5F:\U
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General principles ADMeOdgca
一般原则 %H}M[_f
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism aQso<oK
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ]!@!qp@
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ~{6}SXp4U
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 Kke
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Risk-based approach ux[13]yY
基于风险的办法 /4+*!X
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business ,yi@?lc
了解商业的实质和知识 eJEcLK3u
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud 4XeO^#
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ikPr>
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Materiality (level), tolerable error BJsN~`=r
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 7[}WvfN8#
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Analytical procedures g
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分析程序 " &mwrjn"T
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Planning an audit ==bT0-M.~
规划审计工作 A}1:fw\Fn3
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Audit documentation: working papers v\XO?UEJ2
审计文件:工作底稿 Ba
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The work of others H
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其他机构的文件 /NVyzM51V
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Rely on the work of experts g;y*F;0@
依靠专家的工作 QX9['B<
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Rely on the work of internal audit <Oj'0NK-
依靠内部审计工作 jgw+c3^R_
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3. Internal control X-%91z:o58
内部控制 a#3,qp!
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The evaluation of internal control systems BagV
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对内部控制系统的评估 Aac7km
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Tests of control ~@iYP/=/Q
控制测试 'W[Nr
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) d,t'e?
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) gac/%_-HH7
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. e?dR'*-z
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 !]!9 $6n
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4.Audit evidence DZ5h<1
审计证据 4n.EA,:g:(
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence Y-*]6:{E
获取足够、适当的审计证据 m pM,&7}
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations @]%cUjQ
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 5U(ry6fI=
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The audit of specific items RSf*[2
审计的具体项目 /f,*|
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Receivables: confirmation +*$@ K'VL
应收帐款:确认 {`[u XH?3d
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties P.]O8r
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 0bR})}a+Yg
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation eX{Tyd{
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 #^<Rx{
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation +?bOGUik
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 Dad*6;+N
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Auditing sampling iYzm<3n?
审计抽样 1;y?!;FD
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5.Review pkEqd"G
复核 =h}IyY@o
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Subsequent events HVcd< :g0
随后发生的事件 `n~bDG>
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Going concern ;/.XAxkFL
持续关注 +"2IQme5
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Management representations Wq]Lb:&