1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 Mq) n=M k
hT&[!J{> Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance P# 2&?.d\ 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 A9PXu\%y \3K 6NA!L Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors a?' 3 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 ZCPK{Ru QE /uI/8>p( Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion oTZ?x}Z1 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 hZnT`!iFE^ m}.ru)
^p Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior |Hn[XRsf 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 aKs!*uo0H hTI8hh Engagement letter `7jm 约定书(委托书) ~Wu Elns ezTu1-m 2. Planning and risk assessment mFa
yU w 规划和风险评估
N>`+{ YVVX7hB General principles R#~}ZUk2 一般原则
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otJl/> Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism R7*Jb-;$! 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 /Nq!^= tYIHsm\b Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk DGY#pnCu 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 o^RdVSkU; kN9S;o@) Risk-based approach A(_AOoA' 基于风险的办法 a#H=dIj [e)81yZG> Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business Y^LFJB|b4 了解商业的实质和知识 AX**q$'R ..FUg"sSO Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud iM2
EEC 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 .Q"3[ 5!#"8|oY Materiality (level), tolerable error WAY<X:|We 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 {+c/$4< ;0E"4(S.q1 Analytical procedures V.WfP*~NJ 分析程序 7qE V5! 3FUZTX]Q1 Planning an audit <6<uO\B\ 规划审计工作 x+B~ t4A &o"Hb=k< Audit documentation: working papers .u7d 审计文件:工作底稿 |UnTd$m #BS]wj2# The work of others PB>p"[ap4 其他机构的文件 _if&a' M0Z>$Az]t Rely on the work of experts %W"\ 依靠专家的工作 U]vNcQj yE9JMi0 Rely on the work of internal audit ?d+B]VYw
依靠内部审计工作 d\;M F &4*&L.hPM^ 3. Internal control $pk3d+0B 内部控制 7P/j\frW vlIdi@V The evaluation of internal control systems n_Um)GI> 对内部控制系统的评估 TG?;o/ j,/o0k, Tests of control ~$r^Ur!E\ 控制测试 ^e@c
Ozt 'IfM~9'D Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) eE7Rd> 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) gY0*u+LF )2S0OY. Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. Xz]}cRQ[ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 D{N1.rSxv {w!}:8p tB(Q-c 4.Audit evidence R2]?9\II 审计证据 pvmm" f z*yN*M6t Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence qgZ(o@\ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 oeIB1DaI ^|\ *i Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 4]
? 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 0?p_|X'_ s #L1:L The audit of specific items U^pe/11)H 审计的具体项目 J=zZGd% "Wi`S; Receivables: confirmation :Hd?0eZ| 应收帐款:确认 EVq<gGy SNK+U"Q Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties r}hj,Sq' 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 NmB0CbB |:!0`p{R Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation iZjvO`@[ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 FNc[2sI ybS7uo Bank and cash: bank confirmation P:*'x9` 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 f7s]:n*Ih k9^P#l@p Auditing sampling &7@6Y{!/
审计抽样 +e?ixvld ke3=s 5.Review
8:s3Q`O 复核 ORtl~V' <[~x]- Subsequent events 3N]pN<3@ 随后发生的事件 kOtC(\]5 sp_(j!]jX W{-N,?z ).ugMuk Ro-Mex2 Going concern #h r!7Kc;N 持续关注 -q+Fj;El mD )Nh Management representations .7)A8R7Wt 与管理层的交涉沟通 iicrRGp3 zb;'}l;+ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences /au\OBUge 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 4yBe(&N-d JWn9&WK .5dZaI) 6. Reporting ,Y`C7Px 报告 t S!~>X 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com sWX Appendix C62<pLJf 附录 DJ<c Audit procedure 'm2,7] 审计程序 J| 'T2g