1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 rla:<6tt i0Pn Z
J Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance =*MR(b> 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 Z)9R9s O%JSViPw Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors J!p<oW)a! 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 d-$_|G+ ]b1Li} Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion k0ItG?Cv 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 bZ5n,KQA5 3H8Al Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior MOHHZApt 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 +/cg
w, YoSQN/Z Engagement letter b! tludb 约定书(委托书) jD9lz-Y@ ,2zKQ2z 2. Planning and risk assessment HeS'~Z$ 规划和风险评估 5~}!@yzc
!$>G#+y General principles
{;n0/
一般原则 uiMIz?+ WU\m^!`w=F Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism lB:l)!]||= 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 !J^tg2M8: ?r3e*qJGn Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk W~dE
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 r{ @ `o@q {D(,ft;s^ Risk-based approach RVF F6N^ 基于风险的办法 r8v:|Q1" >q9{ Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business JlIS0hnv 了解商业的实质和知识 9d\N[[Vu]R
rPTfpeqN) Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud !: |nI77| 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 !5.v'K
' - L`7+ Materiality (level), tolerable error Qj!d ^8 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 5$^c@
0 >hb-5xC Analytical procedures 'j#a%j@{ 分析程序 78w4IICk i./Y w Planning an audit /Ynt<S9" 规划审计工作 vKkf2 7 =|JKu' Audit documentation: working papers B;c=eMw 审计文件:工作底稿 vnZ/tF S7#0*2#[o The work of others v=Mz I#0L 其他机构的文件
5KaSWw/ 4vGbG:x Rely on the work of experts <PQRd 依靠专家的工作 uXNp!tY R `Q?J[e Rely on the work of internal audit yu_gNro L 依靠内部审计工作 4#@0T"T~M G>j"cj 3. Internal control V
*uEJ6T 内部控制 \S5V}!_ my=~"bw4 The evaluation of internal control systems Esa6hU# 对内部控制系统的评估 cJV!>0ua 4ioNA/E Tests of control a;yV#Y 控制测试 4^BLSK~( l~{T#Q Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) yh$ ~*UV 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) :z124Zf 8fEAYRGd Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 04[)qPPS 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 MHn&;
A] 4SBLu%=s% 98 ayA$ 4.Audit evidence cnYYs d{ 审计证据 /gF]s_ EK.c+Or, Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence yOM
-;h 获取足够、适当的审计证据 fl!1AKSn@N =mAGD*NK
u Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations B~e7w 4 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 uRs9}dzv AF
QnCl Of The audit of specific items f`bIQ 9R 审计的具体项目 d`<#}-nh 0sY#MHPT& Receivables: confirmation ?n73J wH 应收帐款:确认 t2m ^ %PSz o8.l Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties Dt
(:u,
% 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 64;oB_ #SK#k<&P Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation Ds;Rb6WcnY 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 7Im}~3NJG VQ/ <09e Bank and cash: bank confirmation hE9'F(87a 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 8o%E&Jg: U8Cw7u2 Auditing sampling ~rQ4n9G 审计抽样 m]
EDuW Vl&+/-V 5.Review
B/:>{2cm 复核 lu<Np9/5< a [0N,t Subsequent events $Cut 随后发生的事件 (4E.Li<O Y+}OClS LAOdH/*: %kaTQ"PB Fwg#d[
:u Going concern k
QB 1=c 持续关注
_D!M
nTK K[`4vsE Management representations m3h2/}%9` 与管理层的交涉沟通 G}Q}H* "`y W]v Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences E5v|SFD 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 Q'>_59 :XNK-A W ghE?8&@ iq 6. Reporting 1e+h9|hGYw 报告 ~`tJvUo0 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com KE }
o Appendix _.oRVYK/ 附录 Qu,)wfp~ Audit procedure Cnb[t[hk+j 审计程序 ;7B2~zL