1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 X}
8rrC= xJc'tT6@ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 4v E,nx= 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 )1H]a'j )M'#l<9B Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors Z#"6&kv 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 {[)J~kC+ %<I
0-o Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion fv<($[0 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 <t]i'D(K 9dy"Y~c Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior @f{)]I +f 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 5vg@zH\z GW.s\8w Engagement letter @36^4E>h 约定书(委托书) "6Ly?'HK MJ&6 Z* 2. Planning and risk assessment cZ^$!0 规划和风险评估 ^N0hc!$ Hsx`P General principles gt{ei)2
b 一般原则 7m@pdq5Ub r{6 ,; Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism o(|`atvK 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 cs~
}k7>< s+Ln>c'|o Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk f85j?J
m 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 p5G O@^i *A
c~ Risk-based approach SQa.xLU 基于风险的办法 .^P^lQT]> X+bLLW>& Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 6mMJ$FY+ 了解商业的实质和知识 Dzc 4J66 7d'4"c;*; Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud :vX;>SH$p 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险
YgdoQBQ Q.M3rRh Materiality (level), tolerable error <~X=6 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ^x:4%%Q]l P%B1dRa Analytical procedures -
[Zau$;J< 分析程序 |~v($ c e`#Gq0}8 Planning an audit |w /txn8G| 规划审计工作 BniFEW:< Kq6m5A]z Audit documentation: working papers +S0A`rL 审计文件:工作底稿 i!YZF$| *% uv7G@%N The work of others @YWfq$23 其他机构的文件 +<bq@.x )k29mqa` Rely on the work of experts BQ_\8Qt| 依靠专家的工作 A 7DdU NR --",}%- Rely on the work of internal audit gEU)UIJ 依靠内部审计工作 kDO6:sjR7 vk;>#yoox 3. Internal control rv|k8 内部控制 6TPcG d Z eQ9{J9)? The evaluation of internal control systems ;$[o7Qm5r 对内部控制系统的评估 EkWe6m f_.1)O'83 Tests of control '{6`n5:e 控制测试 f&^Ea-c bp$8hUNYz- Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) J8? 6yd-7 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) T7cT4PAW EB@!?=0x Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. Z4hP 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 YF&SH)Y7 sY1@ch" !v`q%JW( 4.Audit evidence NF&\<2kX 审计证据 pok,`yW\ ] ^ Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence Hvor{o5|tB 获取足够、适当的审计证据 ?:n{GK 9n8;eE08 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations )S8q.h 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 4_r8ynq{z \4zvknk< The audit of specific items =7Tbu'O; 审计的具体项目 ;CAB.aB~ *p.ELI1IC Receivables: confirmation s8eiq`6\H} 应收帐款:确认 -!;vX
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oEHy[ Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties Av+
w>~/3 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 #Kn7
xn[ m{+lG* Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation xW"J@OiKL 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 /_jApZz 1Rp|*> Bank and cash: bank confirmation QfwGf,0p 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 ]p0m6}B ^T^U:Zdq Auditing sampling :nZ*x=aq 审计抽样 GIZNHG S@_@hFV jd 5.Review
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3f 复核 ZMx_J TTy1a:V Subsequent events L/<Up
随后发生的事件 \dufKeiS&a {'r(P& cJE2z2uW0 ;?n*w+6< y)(SS8JR Going concern xn}'!S2-b 持续关注 +[~\\X zWjGGTP~3& Management representations j&8 ~X2?* 与管理层的交涉沟通 xYwbbFGrG U35}0NT _ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences #axRg=d?K 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 ZU "y< |h6@hB\ Th,2gX9 6. Reporting @ZX{q~g! 报告 T6phD8# 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com (!Ml2 Appendix Ud{-H_m+ 附录 'u696ED4 Audit procedure 5l)p5Bb48c 审计程序 OQ[>s(`*{