1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 ?kZ-,@h: "1a!]45 + Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance QGOkB 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 *2~WP'~PQd _2`b$/)- Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 6~ y' 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职
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X\A|V& #6#n4`%ER Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion Xl2g Hh 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 h*JN0O<b Sn'!Nq> Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior NL
` 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 NTZ3Np` 2/t; }pw8 Engagement letter i
Pr(X 约定书(委托书) \$4z@`n Y Hci>q`p# 2. Planning and risk assessment S}h
d, "I 规划和风险评估 2uT6M%OC t>%b[
(a General principles ` W);+s 一般原则 (t&`m[>K ?&,6Y'" Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism `Nvhp]E
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ;aD~1;q RJ0,7E<B Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 5QXU"kWH 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 QaEiP n~
7;'UC',' Risk-based approach H'k~;
基于风险的办法 _nzq(m1@ ,%x2SyA Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business %nq<nfDT 了解商业的实质和知识 c8 .WN&]yr, Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud bxxLAWQ( 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 S?i^ ~ <W3p! Materiality (level), tolerable error ?xMTO 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 MW+DqT.h tFn[U#' Analytical procedures Kc^ctAk7; 分析程序 &Q"vXs6Gt v+sF0
j\P Planning an audit #k>n5cR@0 规划审计工作 k:~UBs\)( : Gi8Jo Audit documentation: working papers 4%qmwt*p 审计文件:工作底稿 3HP
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a U,yZ.1V^: The work of others +RpCh!KP 其他机构的文件 =&"pG`x $(0<T<\ Rely on the work of experts )q4nyT>M 依靠专家的工作 AriV4 + GadY#]}( Rely on the work of internal audit 5lzbg 依靠内部审计工作 \
j)c?1*$ g]44|9x(W 3. Internal control xZ2 1iQeN 内部控制 d!&LpODI]* 'CqAjlj The evaluation of internal control systems ?
B|i 对内部控制系统的评估 Dn#5H{D-d ^qC.bv]& Tests of control Dqwd=
$2% 控制测试 @pv:uON\ Dvz 6 E Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) {*CG&-k2D 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 6z~ [Ay qx >Z@o Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. c"`HKf
L 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 Mx93D
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A= 4.Audit evidence p.4Sgeh# 审计证据 j/T@-7^0 c??m9=OX1 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence Qqb%^}Xx'u 获取足够、适当的审计证据 h;}
fdk $E:z*~? Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations Eqny'44 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 &2@Rc?!6_P l&] %APL The audit of specific items Y@ ;/Sf$Q 审计的具体项目 [!KsAsmk &V&beq4)p Receivables: confirmation FRPd
fo37 应收帐款:确认 /N/jwLr d--6<_q Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties 4T)`%Oo<} 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 *$('ous8 yQu/({D Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation UY.o,I>s 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 XNvlx4 KV{ Bank and cash: bank confirmation 5PpS/I:on 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 B~<bc Lq@uwiq! Auditing sampling 3dtL[aVwY 审计抽样 -=1>t3~\ rF?QI*`Y( 5.Review
G}WY0FC6 复核 efbJ2C +y-3tcI) Subsequent events -"Nvu 随后发生的事件 &,/-<y-S yzNDXA. rXGaav9 J}@.f-W\j FPE6H:' Going concern iNL>TVUM 持续关注 ="g9
> #K>Ue>hx Management representations R&/"?&pfa 与管理层的交涉沟通 NeewV=[% 7$L*nf Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences ?*QL;[n1 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 b^P\Kky ~
Bt>Y >(W t 6. Reporting b|.<rV'BTt 报告 =AuxMEg 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com ?IiFFfs Appendix ZzT"u1,& 附录 &c=
3BEh Audit procedure W=K+kB 审计程序 4)snt3k