1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 }<&?t; |9X2AS Qu Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance
>XX93 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 Q$sC%P(y 6cD3(// Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors HZ1 nuA 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 )0g!lCfb y>7 r;e Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion F>GPi!O 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见
A[F_x*S pl$wy}W- Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior mq(-L 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 Cq'{% GVfRy@7n Engagement letter w9n0p0xr< 约定书(委托书) Y#6LNI v6Wz:|G/u 2. Planning and risk assessment /1$u|Gs
* 规划和风险评估 J%T=FU T Qx<lw General principles e)m6xiZ 一般原则 p<?lF B I=5
7 Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism fRq+pUxU 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 G~ LQM 7U^{xDg.b Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk H!Dj.]T 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 [j0jAl 6']G HDK Risk-based approach 5evk_f 基于风险的办法 t=|}?lN< Qvel#*-4 Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 'St?nW3 了解商业的实质和知识 Jd',v Db;>MWt+e Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud H9(UzyN>i 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 VJl0UM3{J K\zb+ Materiality (level), tolerable error a .?AniB0 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 xxr'g = 6y57m;JW/ Analytical procedures hpYv*WH: 分析程序 -]{
_^ :Nwv&+ Planning an audit {47Uu%XT 规划审计工作 :$gs7<z{rm 7G*rxn"d Audit documentation: working papers &9z`AY]> 审计文件:工作底稿 xg 8R>j :ln?PT
The work of others 2|]
<U[ 其他机构的文件 !ZvVj\{ BUV4L5( Rely on the work of experts {d]B+' 依靠专家的工作 {u9n?Z% t
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Rely on the work of internal audit ~4O3~Y_+GN 依靠内部审计工作 [2>zaag I+S fZ:q^ 3. Internal control y?A*$6 内部控制 GN=8;Kq% ?L H[,8z The evaluation of internal control systems r!w*y3
对内部控制系统的评估 Sa0IRC<LV _[i.)8$7 Tests of control ld):Am}/o 控制测试 i)$+#N ;!lwB Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent)
s{{8!Q 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) DiY74D Ciz,1IV Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 13)6p|6x 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ]YfG`0eK< A$n.'*gK O '`|(
L 4.Audit evidence e'c3.sQ|? 审计证据 Uovna:" )OucJQ Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence a`]ZyG*P 获取足够、适当的审计证据 -dN`Ok<g >Q
^ mR Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations ( ]0F3@k#s 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 ' V*}d L<XX?I\p The audit of specific items cxvO,8NiB 审计的具体项目 vjh'<5w9Wi &5sPw^{,H Receivables: confirmation 6W3."}; 应收帐款:确认 +ZGH mA_EvzXk\ Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties VS>hi~j 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 lw?C:-m 0(9gTxdB Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 4>H0a 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 c,ct=m.|6A _3O*"S=1 Bank and cash: bank confirmation TiZ
MY:^ 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 V$;`#J$\b +iQ~ Y2Gh Auditing sampling #BS!J&a 审计抽样 ;A*sub rq1~%S 5.Review
6& hiW]Adm 复核 z~v-8aw |Xd&aQ Subsequent events 9o6qN1A0g 随后发生的事件 LW("/ J4iu8_eH!D s k~7"v{Y. `ZP[-: ` -GQ.B{%G Going concern LUz`P6 持续关注 VeQ [A?pER //Xz Management representations N "
eK9> 与管理层的交涉沟通 6(1
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6|o3 YhAO Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences r8FA
V9A 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 2!{_x8,n "/UPq6 |L-- j 6. Reporting b+Vlq7Bc 报告 4xFAFK~lx 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com c]z^(:_> Appendix ,pk
zNe`F 附录 09G]t1!, Audit procedure &qa16bz 审计程序 &;GoCU Le