1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 {^7Hgg A|X">,A Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance H?
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d 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 AK*LyR? rMLp-aR' Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors %)/P^9I6 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 CkoLTY `\#B18eU Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion %}Ss,XJ 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 lFV N07hG
'":lB]hS Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior "NXB$a!: 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 hog=ut ~,oMz<iMV Engagement letter O$&mFL[` 约定书(委托书) `Nb[G)Xh e%@~MQ- 2. Planning and risk assessment b`~p.c%( 规划和风险评估 MbZJ;,e? ZaV8qAsP General principles v*SEb~[ 一般原则 S||}nJ0 -- %N8L;e Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism $_o-~F2i5 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 P3)Nl^/ iS
WU'K Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ][9%Kl*%@p 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 V-Sd[ xp}hev^@$ Risk-based approach 2[RoxKm 基于风险的办法 O4cr*MCb5 bzuEfFaL Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business WaVtfg$! 了解商业的实质和知识 |Lf"6^@yh QLEKsX7p> Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud )4<__|52"1 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ;*:]*|bw [<g?WPCcC Materiality (level), tolerable error beRVD>T 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 Lvq>v0|
Y2ZT.l Analytical procedures pb
~uE 分析程序 bF"G[pD #\.,? A}9 Planning an audit rV R1wsaL 规划审计工作
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gX]-\ Audit documentation: working papers wsIW
|@ 审计文件:工作底稿 >L;eO'D ]b7zJUz The work of others Ma.`A 其他机构的文件 TZ(cu> ![YX]+jqNp Rely on the work of experts tD(
7^GuR 依靠专家的工作 =vDEfO/T !`g~F\l Rely on the work of internal audit 1zm ulj%& 依靠内部审计工作 7\$qFF-y ]iN'x?Fo 3. Internal control )Dw,q~xgg0 内部控制 %Y<| ;0v [SHXJ4P* The evaluation of internal control systems }=gx# 对内部控制系统的评估 4C<jdv_J 7
%Oa;]| Tests of control &]e'KdXF 控制测试 &x[E;P*Fg -(bXSBs# Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) Tl$[4heE 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) \6E|pbJ}x QDs^Ije Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. kzn5M
&f> 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ^W'
fA{sr 8$85^Of x }\64 4.Audit evidence f&eK|7J_Yf 审计证据 10<x.8fSP J
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence k9 "[H' 获取足够、适当的审计证据 Qy^1*j<@& ?t/~lv Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations R:e<W/P" 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 YQ+tDZY8` k9:{9wW The audit of specific items ;>
_$` 审计的具体项目 (qqO
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XE Receivables: confirmation M=1n QF2J 应收帐款:确认 )PG6gZYW ?u/@PR\D
Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties TD1 [ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 L\)ZC ,sA[)wP { Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation f!oT65Vmi 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 <,Ue
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;u<GOe Bank and cash: bank confirmation WF1px % 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 C ~<'rO}| w[9|cgCY Auditing sampling As 3.Q(#Z 审计抽样 :`-,Lbg 8TGOx%}i 5.Review
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x, 复核 ;3d"wW]}7K 9:ze{ c $ Subsequent events _A+s)]} 随后发生的事件 uJFdbBDSh =NnNN'} lJu;O/ RIb4!!',c N}pw74=1 Going concern :n0vQ5
a 持续关注 J6U$qi 19O,a#{KHf Management representations =+U `-J}g 与管理层的交涉沟通 plb!.g 2q3+0Et8 Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences q;<h[b? 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 P
OdUV BybW)+~ S{;sUGcu 6. Reporting P%{^ i] 报告 >#hO).`C 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com }._eIx" Appendix `S6x<J&T\/ 附录 MYla OT Audit procedure Po ZuMF 审计程序 9cf:pXMi