1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 hGf-q?7
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance w#^U45y1v
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 IF@HzT;Q
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors XW L^
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 fB+b}aoV
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion a9~"3y
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 +3,|"g::
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior uvA(Rn
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 /dDzZ%/@
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Engagement letter -s$<Op{s
约定书(委托书) j|e[s ?d
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2. Planning and risk assessment %So]3;'
规划和风险评估 ~@8+hnE]
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General principles 1'G8o=~
一般原则 JLb6C52
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism <E\V`g
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 MjaUdfx
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk t
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审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 W>spz~w%j
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Risk-based approach S)%_we LW7
基于风险的办法 oJ78jGTnb
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business T`$KeuL
了解商业的实质和知识 -PAF p3w\y
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud #/j ={*-
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 {4ptu~8
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Materiality (level), tolerable error =:h3w#_c
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 2w?G.pO#
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Analytical procedures vW' 5` %
分析程序
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Planning an audit -Gsl[Rc0H;
规划审计工作
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Audit documentation: working papers LCQkgRs}~{
审计文件:工作底稿 yBz>0I3
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The work of others B[NJ^b
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其他机构的文件 Sb^
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Rely on the work of experts xaXV^ZM3
依靠专家的工作 "@/ba!L+
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Rely on the work of internal audit N4 [E~-
依靠内部审计工作 PI7I
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3. Internal control ;]&-MFv#
内部控制 ,0T)Oc|HL/
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The evaluation of internal control systems R!{7OkC
对内部控制系统的评估 Riql,g/
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Tests of control "d?f:x3v^
控制测试 v#=ayWgk
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) |t\KsW
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) rh $1-Y
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. F7uhuqA]N
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 'P/taEi=R
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4.Audit evidence
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审计证据 /v&`!nKu
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence silp<13HN
获取足够、适当的审计证据 EHWv3sR-
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations K%<GU1]-]
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 /:6Q.onmLn
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The audit of specific items pSrsp r
审计的具体项目 UQdyv(jXq
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Receivables: confirmation )tPl<lb
应收帐款:确认 L` [F~$|
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties jmPp-}tS7
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 ]xB6cPdLu
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 7+S44)w}~
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 cX"G7Bh
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation _U=S]2QW
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 O<iI
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Auditing sampling J]]\&MtaO
审计抽样 ypT9 8
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5.Review <