1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 vM*-D{ Z0x ar]4V Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 5nv#+ap1 " 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 ?26I,:; Q]Y*K Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors \r;#g{
_ 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 $2oTkOA qON|4+~u% Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion ]i&6c 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 'y;EhOw
j, >Ea8G, Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior V+*
P2| 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 b#uL?f [;4g Engagement letter gn8R[5:!V 约定书(委托书) #|Y5,a,{ [-65PC4aN 2. Planning and risk assessment eJF5n# 规划和风险评估 b3&zjjQ bR*-Ht+wd General principles 5gH1.7i b 一般原则 FOv=!'So 9oRy)_5Z(= Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism dsb `xw 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 %+@O#P &oP+$;Y Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 2 Wt> Mi 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 _GXk0Ia3` ;,C)!c& Risk-based approach y6ECdVF 基于风险的办法 04LI]' iZ#!O*> Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business _Zp}?b5Q 了解商业的实质和知识 L"E7#} Sz%tJD.. Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud nno}e/zqf 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 T%.8'9 9A/\h3HrJ Materiality (level), tolerable error ;X8yFq 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 #o=y?
( gFeO}otm Analytical procedures i2@VB6]? 分析程序 TTeH` oiF}?:7Q7 Planning an audit 3AHlSX 规划审计工作 `n#H5Oyn )#BMTKA^ Audit documentation: working papers $h2){*5E{ 审计文件:工作底稿 eK6hS_E >QjAoDVX? The work of others $Z!`Hb 其他机构的文件 @GBxL*e (X $=Q6 Rely on the work of experts HKU~UTRnZ 依靠专家的工作 KX76UW NO~*T?&
Rely on the work of internal audit @E;=*9ek{u 依靠内部审计工作 6TQoqH8@U [="
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ziM{ 3. Internal control 4~k\j 内部控制 E=jNi Vu)4dD! The evaluation of internal control systems >z/#_z@LV 对内部控制系统的评估 t|H^`Cv6 Q;[,Q~c[u Tests of control 88VZR&v 控制测试 ^"VJd[Hn w&$`cD Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) {%<OD8>p 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) _a5d?Q9Z T?:Rdo!:u Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. ql<i] Y 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 (*Z)(O*z a
K&b{d _76PIR{an 4.Audit evidence VbJiZw(aR 审计证据 = 6tHsN23 jq-p;-i Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence z{[xze-f 获取足够、适当的审计证据 ?p9VO.^5 ,oN8HpGs Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 6FUw"|\u{ 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 +awW3^1Ed {G|,\O1 The audit of specific items 3;)>Fs; 审计的具体项目 B.wYHNNV 0]>u)% Receivables: confirmation oeKHqP wg 应收帐款:确认 8MK>)P o) RSr
%n1 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties &K[_J 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 #,S0HDDHn pwO>h>ik Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation * 1T& 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 {_b%/eR1 =CK4.
Bank and cash: bank confirmation d{rQzia"mV 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 vh
"R'o g+DzscIT Auditing sampling F|F]970 审计抽样 wQv'8A_} ^:K3vC[h;c 5.Review
aY3^C q(r 复核 j;
']cWe @_U;9) Subsequent events ~oI1zNz/ 随后发生的事件 U3 */v4/ ,RE\$~`w A&s:\3*Kh ^
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SGy Going concern hD\rtW 持续关注 (>F%UY (2$(
?-M Management representations _= +V/= 与管理层的交涉沟通 z8{a(nK P 7P"| J\ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences =fu
:@+ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 Z= jr-)kK .9R
[*< 0%,!jW{` 6. Reporting
D0g ZC 报告 Tg!i%v(-t 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com ([
jF4/ Appendix X'%E\/~u 附录 zfI>qJ+Nqt Audit procedure ;} und*q 审计程序 D-8O+.@