1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 &Oih#I bz1+AJG Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance \69h>h 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 >-0\wP TJY
[s- Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ,R~{$QUl 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 Uf
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N\IQ7oI Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion qZS]eQW. 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 KDX1_r=Y ruKm_j#J Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior #BZ2%\ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 >$RQ ,_N+t:*#0 Engagement letter Ddr.kXIpo 约定书(委托书) {%"n[DLps rEF0A&5 2. Planning and risk assessment 1_of;=9V 规划和风险评估 oE
H""Bd s6k@W T?"^ General principles b 5u8j 一般原则 U_8 Z& 5x=aJl;G Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism *:+&SxL 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 +'ZJ] RZgklEU Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 6VsgZ"Il 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 E0s|eA& A%[BCY_ Risk-based approach Vx<`6uv 基于风险的办法 4*D'zJsJ 1LK` Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 0'3f^Ajf 了解商业的实质和知识 ~v$1@DQ} Bo#,)%80 Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud @BfJb[A# 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 wi gs1 o
_G,Ph!7 Materiality (level), tolerable error i eL7jN,'m 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ;K$ !c5 tpY]Mz[
J Analytical procedures $5]}] 分析程序 Q:5^K XYh)59oM% Planning an audit t4P`#,:8 规划审计工作 7'~Oai~r nr{#Krkb Audit documentation: working papers ,l47;@kr 审计文件:工作底稿 V`WSZ Mjon++>Z The work of others lA/.4"nN 其他机构的文件 JH|]B|3 (2J\o Rely on the work of experts
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$&`= 依靠专家的工作 4x)etH^o ++=f7yu Rely on the work of internal audit j&Trv
w<t 依靠内部审计工作 7K 'uNPC f'oO/0lx 3. Internal control Ct<]('Hm( 内部控制 3!u`PIQv {M^BY,%* The evaluation of internal control systems 2bnYYQ14
: 对内部控制系统的评估 +L,V_z tgVMgu Tests of control bl3?C 控制测试 A/c #2 \V_Tc` Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) H,3WdSL`K 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) KbSE=3 x>bGxDtu* Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. L+X:M/) 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 Due@' qI%X/' T!ww3d 4.Audit evidence U!\~LKfA 审计证据 jf^BEz5 p>l:^-N;f Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence h.*v0cq: 获取足够、适当的审计证据 &~aS24c &e6!/y& Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations ~Jh1$O,9o 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 L"tzUYxg +WjX@rSq[ The audit of specific items KK}ox%j 审计的具体项目 TYKs2+S6 h5Ee*De Receivables: confirmation H:F'5Zt 应收帐款:确认 &\y`9QpVF -.OZ Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties Miz?t*|{[ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 1N}vz(0" QnA~,z/.w Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation v{X<6^g 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 }0IeKpu5 :2.<JUDM Bank and cash: bank confirmation !<3!ORFO 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 SU5O+;{`' EeR} 34 Auditing sampling 2e9.U/9 审计抽样 +# 3e<+!F UDT\Xc 5.Review
a D+4uGN 复核 bO` SBq$ ox*>HkV Subsequent events }/lyrjV 随后发生的事件 /Nkxb& @'9m()%-]g Xp.$FJ1) klR\7+lK bq2f?uD-} Going concern 8'"=y}]H~ 持续关注 dmWCNeja. '3b'moy Management representations U=WS
] 与管理层的交涉沟通 ob;O,&e0> +s;>@j()V Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 7`f%?
xVn0 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 B@U'7`v PIAE6,* aaP6zJXi 6. Reporting !FwNq'Q8$ 报告 +e,c'. 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com & 'CUc/, Appendix #jh5% @ 附录 _X|prIOb= Audit procedure J 5(^VKj 审计程序 \(RD5@=!4#