1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 u%XFFt5 *uA?}XEfi Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance a(x[+ El 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 Y0s^9?* 1yX&iO^d Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors R3?~+y& 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 PO&xi9_ 3C_g)5
_: Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion &sS k~: 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 Gk[P-%%b / Y1`. Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior mNb+V /*x3 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 DOhXb
~{^AP Engagement letter K
O)<Zh 约定书(委托书) wf|CE410 Z]w_2- - 2. Planning and risk assessment mG?a)P 规划和风险评估 ik8e \?3];+c9 General principles CvbY2_>Nh 一般原则 ]\#RsVX 7DOAG[gH Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism JiI(?I 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作
RK rBHqh@ zN2sipJS8 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ngm7Vs 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 uUc[s"\ _F@FcFG1Z* Risk-based approach >W-e0kkH 基于风险的办法 ^1*p]j( QRdb~f;<hj Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 5+ fS$Q
了解商业的实质和知识 SCGQo.~, P92:}" )*> Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud cq[}>5*k 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 i
w m7M $<ZX};/D Materiality (level), tolerable error !^8'LMY<I 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ( _nkscf 3J(STIxg Analytical procedures A)`M*(~ 分析程序 ?|s[/zPS= E+~~d6nB Planning an audit e;!<3b 规划审计工作 }\gpO0Ox C{2UPG4 x Audit documentation: working papers brTB
/(E 审计文件:工作底稿 .Bi7~*N !2{MWj The work of others U{ahA
其他机构的文件 ~)ByARao= UI!EIZ*~ Rely on the work of experts 0hNc#x6 依靠专家的工作 niA{L:4 S
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7 Rely on the work of internal audit c!841~p(Q 依靠内部审计工作 l;|1C[V [fW:%!Y' 3. Internal control jXW7
1$B 内部控制 C}00S{nAZ x`o_&09;CG The evaluation of internal control systems j;+nnpg 对内部控制系统的评估 *{-XN w\@Anwj#L Tests of control #vDe/o+= 控制测试 WrG)&&d Q0 ^?jh Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) SQz>e 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) DAvAozM Zmp ^!|=X! Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. q-!m|<Z 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 "arbUX~d zF{z_c#3@ BRW
4.Audit evidence #K4wO!d 审计证据 W5yqnjK
$4 |bBYJ Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence
c^=,@# 获取足够、适当的审计证据 Zd5frc$ ml3]CcKn Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations =)T5Y,+rJ 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 :_?>3c}L W}Z|v
M$ The audit of specific items `U;4O)`n 审计的具体项目 /sYD+*a ( E0be. Receivables: confirmation )P,jpE8 应收帐款:确认 oR5`- E8V,".!+E Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties Q}m)Q('Rk 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 Qb SX'mx< 7pGlbdS Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 2} T"|56 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 43(+3$V M7 gGZ$}vX Bank and cash: bank confirmation r<~1:/F|
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 ,ur_n7+LH "4
ovMan Auditing sampling l9SbuT$U 审计抽样 hZyz5aZ)K 5X[=Q> 5.Review
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%L4 复核 eR;cl$ M~wJe@bc Subsequent events 3|@Ske1%Y 随后发生的事件 T$RZRZo \a}%/_M\ km8[azB o XRaq\a`=: % +eZ U)N Going concern g y
&B"` 持续关注 q5QYp q,+d\-+ Management representations 3g} ]nj:N 与管理层的交涉沟通 \E0Uj>9+[ n*' |7 #; Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences -,p(PK 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 QDy
L0l{C PiM@iS fpzC# 6. Reporting ~KCOCtiD 报告 O[q {y 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com ` NcWy Appendix CxwZ$0 附录 `F(KM ' Audit procedure &{"aD& 审计程序 )Ibp%'H