1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 S~~
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance m#\I&(l+
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 9vQI
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 'F\@KE-d
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 <sALA~p|0
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion o =oXL2}
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 FN$sST
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior <|!?V"`3
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 G`/5=
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Engagement letter
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约定书(委托书) K1th>!JW'
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2. Planning and risk assessment SBf8Ipe
规划和风险评估 '7oWN,-
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General principles ,2|(UTv
一般原则 S%^*h{9u"
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism $?HOke
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk BF="gZoU<
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 Q7!";ol2
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Risk-based approach ;JD
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基于风险的办法 "^Ax}Jr
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business L@|xpq
了解商业的实质和知识 S'h{["P~
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud T{USzMj
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ?;bsg9
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Materiality (level), tolerable error + a,x
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 z0jF.ub
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Analytical procedures 6EX_IDb
分析程序 R5,ISD
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Planning an audit R7
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规划审计工作 ![ce=9@t<
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Audit documentation: working papers URo#0fV4C
审计文件:工作底稿 :L6,
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The work of others J"$Y`;
其他机构的文件 6^+T_{gl
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Rely on the work of experts =o+js;3
依靠专家的工作 #~I.F4
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Rely on the work of internal audit ru 5T0w";V
依靠内部审计工作 < %t$0'
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3. Internal control -Wt
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内部控制 4g "_E
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The evaluation of internal control systems 0sR+@
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对内部控制系统的评估 <y!(X"n`
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Tests of control w vQ.9
控制测试 k^:+Pp
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) Lc?q0x^s
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) =iFI@2
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. fJdTVs@
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。
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4.Audit evidence "?f_U/+D<
审计证据 ? JliKFD%
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence +p\+15
获取足够、适当的审计证据 {I9<W'k{
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations ;&~9k?v7L
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 H2iC? cSR
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The audit of specific items dSkx*#FEE
审计的具体项目 ebTwU]Nb
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Receivables: confirmation }%lk$g';
应收帐款:确认 F=9
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties -n#fj;.2_
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 62Q`&n6
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 6qYK"^+xu
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 6jpfo'uB$
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation }u&,;]
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 |k[
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Auditing sampling ZBxV&