1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 RTvqCp 9 %8"e>~ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance ~3Lg"I 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 6DM$g=/' 8qY79)vD4E Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 2"0es40;0 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 un)4eo!7 M}`B{]lLz Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion TlXI|3Ip 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 f1`gdQ)H tR}MrM Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior VeGL)
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 {v=T [D "w^!/ Engagement letter w:%o?pKet1 约定书(委托书) 7R`M,u~f2^ `s"'r ! 2. Planning and risk assessment }O/U;4Z 规划和风险评估 9)y/:sO<P UM!ENI| General principles KX!T8+Y 一般原则 *}]Nf
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e* Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism r#+d&.| 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 z8jk[5z E%+Dl= Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk :H7D
~ n 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 L;
T8?+ x e&simX;W Risk-based approach LUG;(Fko
基于风险的办法 B268e 6FUw"|\u{ Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business +awW3^1Ed 了解商业的实质和知识 {G|,\O1 3;)>Fs; Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud B.wYHNNV 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 0]>u)% P7J>+cm Materiality (level), tolerable error K\>tA)IPSV 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 3Vsc 9B"w Vx(B{5>Vu Analytical procedures
J1/?JfF 分析程序 &K[_J 6Se?sHC> Planning an audit 3 ,>0a 规划审计工作 Tu@8}C
<p}R~zk Audit documentation: working papers /,1D)0 审计文件:工作底稿 e8y;.D[2 il}%7b- The work of others w<C#Bka 其他机构的文件 X-
pqw~$ x1Lb*3Fe Rely on the work of experts A:>01ZJ5S+ 依靠专家的工作 QBtnx[ "/%89 HMD Rely on the work of internal audit b#Kq[} 依靠内部审计工作 *FgJ|y6gk @Gjny BJ 3. Internal control vahoSc;sw 内部控制 y62%26 [ ~I_owCV
Z The evaluation of internal control systems )3E,D~1e% 对内部控制系统的评估 /NBTvTI setLdEi Tests of control |KG&HNfP- 控制测试 Sgj/s~j~1 c{88m/;eP Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) P2k7M(I_& 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) RR25Q.c /8 CY0Ey Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. Up ?=m^ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 Dm{Ok#@r2 $iMC/Kym tE
hr 4.Audit evidence 6}&^=^- 审计证据 Z[IM<S9lz Gbb\h Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence $B _Nc*_e 获取足够、适当的审计证据 Lx+`<<_dJ >BiRk%x Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations #\FT EY! 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 5:gj&jt;)7 .H;B=nd* The audit of specific items ju{%'D!d9 审计的具体项目 \|+/0USn ?JqjYI{$ Receivables: confirmation B?(4f2yE 应收帐款:确认 }: #dV
B+ <'*4j\* Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties G=$}5; t 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 vl5){@
5#uO'<2$ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation T\3 [F%? 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 ~mA7pOHj sv=^k(d3 Bank and cash: bank confirmation 76MsrOv55 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 jH0Bo; vgk9b!Xd Auditing sampling h3 @s2 fK 审计抽样 (+MC<J/i /2w@K_Px6 5.Review
>h7$v~nra 复核 +qE
']yzm! &z ksRX Subsequent events JK^[{1
JI 随后发生的事件 oyQ0V94j Mo|yv[(K, &7][@v
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wT Going concern d pn3 ( 持续关注 K -E`y
SsRVd^=;x Management representations uGCtLA+sL 与管理层的交涉沟通
E\!n49 Z3`2-r_= Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences \3j)>u,r 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 #~e
9h9 + (=I8s/ +2yF|/WW# 6. Reporting 5mIXyg 0: 报告 Oxj(g;} 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com '>]&r