1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 lgonR _rMT{q3 Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance )jk1S 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 u.kYp q^N0abzgP Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors B80odU& 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 zd9]qo YXzZ-28,< Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion e*P=2*]M 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 =\Vu=I r6n5 Jz Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior .IH@_iX 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 >nhE%:X> >Qm<-g Engagement letter v:"m 约定书(委托书) [X }@Ct
6 Be{/2jU% 2. Planning and risk assessment 7V=MRf&xQ 规划和风险评估 kPO6gdwq$ *t.q m5h General principles M20Bc, VI 一般原则 `8Jq~u6_Z CzSZ>E$%U Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism mLg{6qm(q 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ;vJ\]T ml !{Q:(B#ec Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 7 DY WdDX 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 /^'Bgnez v]:+`dV Risk-based approach x7.QL?qR. 基于风险的办法 Z cm<Fw qx2E-PDL;< Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business BIV<ti$. 了解商业的实质和知识
;P;"F21^> 0iJ!K;A2% Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud [0&'cu> 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 2$
|]Vj*Zs SE^j= 1 Materiality (level), tolerable error zLsb`
)! 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ufw3H9F(O `ke3+%uj o Analytical procedures Qz@IK:B} 分析程序 X(k{-|9] > -y&$1 Planning an audit E dn[cH7 规划审计工作 V#0
dGP-Z <vB<` Audit documentation: working papers g@~!kh,TH 审计文件:工作底稿 c~}={4M] qKdS7SoS The work of others +VCo$o 其他机构的文件 9Uh
a2o ?;|@T ty% Rely on the work of experts IKi{Xh]\ 依靠专家的工作 M{?.hq O' +"d%2' Rely on the work of internal audit (j' {~FB 依靠内部审计工作 <S1?
? S!;LF4VA 3. Internal control
7%}ay 内部控制 D~#Ei?aH Eh\ 1O(a( The evaluation of internal control systems {L@+(I 对内部控制系统的评估 '>j<yaD' (CdJ;-@D Tests of control UJz#QkAio 控制测试 &<,SV^wag DY9fF4
[9a Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 9W!8gCs 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) \dRzS@l Ji;SY{~kv Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. ?J
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a; 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 `SV"ElRV i S% yN*:.al 4.Audit evidence |G(1[RNu 审计证据 N.Dhu ~V z[fB!O Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence 25:Z;J> 获取足够、适当的审计证据 3VmI0gsm.> c=6ahX}d Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations )^4hQ3BS 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 b
pCNho$ h#i\iK&A The audit of specific items pb#mg^8 审计的具体项目 57~Uqt ?d$"[lKX Receivables: confirmation 8j%'9vPi 应收帐款:确认 !tEe\K\e gv#4#] Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties ;54(+5pqx 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 jM~Bu.7 i6 AUfS- Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation !X|k"km" 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 79ckLd9 f/} Bank and cash: bank confirmation j{"z4Y4 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 YOyp|%! 7JUb Va% Auditing sampling < f(?T` 审计抽样 38~PWKt L=O lyHO 5.Review
f1mHN7hxW 复核 B0d%c&N${ G
Wsd| kxU Subsequent events |uI?ySF 随后发生的事件 t9FDU I"@p aLZ DAdYg0efex -DP*q3 5 L/x-i Going concern %,\=s.~1 持续关注 IG< H"tQ 22
&'@C> Management representations G2`${aMS 与管理层的交涉沟通 PWH^=K a(;!O}3_)( Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences OfTfNhpK 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 NjX[;e-u BcQEG *N tdep|sD 6. Reporting VO=!8Yx[ 报告 b9~A-Z 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com VWx]1\ Appendix =su]w2,Iy 附录 ~`qEWvPn Audit procedure }#1/fok 审计程序 n[,XU|2