1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 `DEz `
D ?:UDK? Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 42Z2Mjtk 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 7QzUw 'r3
I/qg*m Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors {]`O $S 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 $
-;,O8yR _8kZ>w( L Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion GBN^ *I 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 FhW\23OC 7?e*b(vd Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior $5:j" )$, 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 m\[r6t]V .#P'NF(5# Engagement letter C}#JvNyQ 约定书(委托书) `}"*i_0-5' ShFSBD\M# 2. Planning and risk assessment sFMSH:5z 规划和风险评估 v 6Tz7 `9%@{Ryo General principles zaa>]~g . 一般原则 ~gmj/PQ0 GVe[)R Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism cV=h8F
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 E\ 5t&jZr dFK/ Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ~[t%g9 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 Js ~_8 gm\P`~+o Risk-based approach ma,H<0R 基于风险的办法 C8%q?.nH= pq*W;6(- Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 8 YsDE_ 了解商业的实质和知识 Rra<
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud tY~EB.% 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 iG^o@*}a +"'cSAK Materiality (level), tolerable error 9s7sn*aB#5 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 [}} ?a B;@7 Analytical procedures ?I6 !m~ 分析程序 V'K1kYb ^
9UKsy/q Planning an audit ,C1}gPQ6< 规划审计工作 _ ?]bd-E 8XIG<Nc Audit documentation: working papers [< Bk% B5 审计文件:工作底稿 Y
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%X +`>Tuz~ The work of others [W;iR_7T5 其他机构的文件 =
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f+ ;shhgz$ Rely on the work of experts YzNSZJPD 依靠专家的工作 #?DwOUw F[RQ6PW Rely on the work of internal audit SfLZVB 依靠内部审计工作 Zn0e#n | vL0}e 3. Internal control V(3^ev/ 内部控制
T)?:q wc`UcGO The evaluation of internal control systems +}[M&D 对内部控制系统的评估 589hfET 0A9llE Tests of control R~
n[g 控制测试 W;!OxOWZJ %? -E)n[ Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) H3CG'?{ _ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) ;+jz=9Q- Mtq\xF,/+ Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. *oZ]k`-!8 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 UEHJ?
} e!k1GTH^ /6",#B}%b 4.Audit evidence +L(|?|i8 审计证据 [}:;B$, VZF; Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence |iSd< 获取足够、适当的审计证据 |I \&r[J GWd71ZtFO
Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations NhJ]X cfP8 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 {02$pO fSc)PqLP The audit of specific items %]G'u 审计的具体项目 6)=`&>9 x9\z^GU%H Receivables: confirmation 3ScOJo 应收帐款:确认 pY.R?\ ./5LV)_` Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties # `L?24% 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 PzF>yG[ (-S\%,hO Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation k4T`{s}e 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 ^cRAtoa R|D%1@i] Bank and cash: bank confirmation 6sjd:~J: 银行存款和现金:银行的确认
O1+OE!w m4\e`nl Auditing sampling BN7]u5\7 审计抽样 c o 8bnH t?Ku6Z' 5.Review
POXd ,ON9 复核 ==#mlpi`S[ _p*a`,tK Subsequent events 3ch
<a0 随后发生的事件 5]f6YlJZ b
I"+b\K p C^=?!:U '8w}m8{y +h]~m_O Going concern QJ\+u 持续关注 h;[<4zw <>v=jH|L Management representations
^t}1$H 与管理层的交涉沟通 :%[mc-6. ~n=oPm$pR Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences *q&^tn b 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 u_HCXpP!Q @ /.w% pJdR`A-k| 6. Reporting I|x?
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V'5GD Appendix K>2M*bGcp 附录 gp+aUK~o Audit procedure fK|P144 审计程序 N&yr?b'!-*