1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 U)n+j}vi np#RBy Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance "DniDA 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 =I}8-AS~V
Pq@%MF]5 Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors \q0wY7w 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 )_\ZUem pSvqGJU3 Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion Y%B:IeF} 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 A
D , HoIK^t~VT# Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior *
)6:yn 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 &u@<0 1= \
LQ?s)~ Engagement letter #@#/M) 约定书(委托书) Ob"48{w$ (rM-~h6g 2. Planning and risk assessment xElHYh(\ 规划和风险评估 dF?:&oP] C{r Sq General principles j6NK7Li 一般原则 0"*!0s~
;c!}'2>vM Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism *C(/2 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 $i^#KZ}-WK ;ORT#7CU Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk jC;^2e 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 p%8v+9+h2
yv@td+-"D Risk-based approach z)Is:LhS 基于风险的办法 1m52vQSo3l }5 2] Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business U49#?^? 了解商业的实质和知识 zuq7 x
7 'k?%39 Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud U=<d;2N# 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 YhVV~bvz* -jv%BJJlX Materiality (level), tolerable error 7 fE
QD?C 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 Y0f
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Y)e6 Zd Analytical procedures ? ^EB"{ 分析程序 /qYo*S_cG Hkcr+BQ Planning an audit /ynvQ1#uA 规划审计工作 Q9UBxpDV: -W^jmwM Audit documentation: working papers ]Tb ?k+a 审计文件:工作底稿 b?p_mQKtZ Z`?Z1SBt The work of others @bc=O1vX~; 其他机构的文件 z2Pnni7Ys eC9nOwp]xH Rely on the work of experts vbDSNm#Yv 依靠专家的工作 dFu<h {iyO96YI[^ Rely on the work of internal audit @dy<=bh~ 依靠内部审计工作 J^Dkx"1GD m_
|:tU(t 3. Internal control J73B$0FP 内部控制 k3-'!dW< _;;'/rs
j The evaluation of internal control systems tP?pN]Q$, 对内部控制系统的评估 *@XJ7G[ 5BL4VGwJ Tests of control !L
+4YA 控制测试 lHV&8fny "|2|Vju% Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) w4: 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) [>B`"nyNQ iK#5nY]. Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. q,ry3Nr4n 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 y%y F34 ]6`]+& OZ/P@`kN.f 4.Audit evidence Po%+:0oX 审计证据 D[m+=- *r
b/BZX{ Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence h83;}> 获取足够、适当的审计证据 B=>:w%<Ii ZB+N[VJs) Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations X&B2&e; 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 l17sJ! I BCw5.@HK* The audit of specific items .pP{;:Avpn 审计的具体项目 &a'H vQV
?,_$;g Receivables: confirmation x=UwyZ 应收帐款:确认 _K4Igq FC' v= * Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties 7*!h:rg 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 `
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F"3LG" Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation H
nKO 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 e?Pzhha mfYY?]A*+ Bank and cash: bank confirmation &\3k(j 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 \S[7-:Lu^ !+&Rn\e%7 Auditing sampling To x{Sk3L 审计抽样 S,K'y?6 ZyJdz+L{@V 5.Review
[k"@n+% 复核 8Z=d+}Gg< FME&vUh/ Subsequent events o%!8t_1mR 随后发生的事件 px@:t}
(J c} K ?s4-2g ^)r^k8y' uR|?5DK Going concern ^E)Kse.> 持续关注 s Zan.Kc# eR'Df"+ Management representations ^8,Y1r9`$ 与管理层的交涉沟通 \DP*?D_}? J
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;g.q Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences -P;_j,~U 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 QJBzv| .'zXO 9<0p1W O 6. Reporting bITc9Hqc 报告 byj}36LN62 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com <A"T_Rk Appendix +-~:E_G 附录 A!([k}@=j Audit procedure hJqLH?Ri 审计程序 ]9xuLJ)