1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 w|lA%H7`J W+k SL{0 Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance DQui7dr)l 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 `O/1aW1 #{-B`FAQ Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ckykRqk} 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 o9*}>J<+RQ ^T2o9f Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion ]
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4H 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 !Z]#1"A8 KxhMPvN' Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior q|r^)0W 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 sVWOh|O[W ~ >6d}7xs Engagement letter
z0!k 约定书(委托书) EX@wenR +&bJhX 2. Planning and risk assessment Kg?(Ax4 规划和风险评估 5e1;m6 vLCyT=OB` General principles {8p<iY- % 一般原则 >h)D~U(H g6aIS^mU Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism >oh7f| 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 pUF$Nq>og #$n >+lc Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ^hZZ5(</8P 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 inQ1$ _Fe%Ek1Yy Risk-based approach %'o'Kh''= 基于风险的办法 y Ny,$1 c6-~PKJ
L Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business aNUU' [ 了解商业的实质和知识 HD%n'@E 7C / ^Gw Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud )?y
${T 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 1egq:bh 9t8NK{ Materiality (level), tolerable error 2Sgv 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 tW-wO[2 Dm{9;Abs% Analytical procedures 9u?[{h.`B 分析程序 wHuz~y6 80_}}op?8 Planning an audit a=_:
`S]} 规划审计工作 6K7DZ96
L t4d^DZDh! Audit documentation: working papers v]h^0WU 审计文件:工作底稿 WQiIS0BJ * z"%{SI^ The work of others M!tR>NMH 其他机构的文件 tn38T% utzf7?nIS Rely on the work of experts 3-Bz5sj9 依靠专家的工作 *q-VY[2 vC^Ul Rely on the work of internal audit |1%eo. 依靠内部审计工作 !-HJ%(5:F A<}nXHs- 3. Internal control q x5jaa3 内部控制 (&i
c3/- X<sM4dwxE The evaluation of internal control systems `c)[aP{vN 对内部控制系统的评估 A1Es>NK[qW
%w#z Tests of control B4/\=MXb 控制测试 'ws@I?!r .k -!/ ^ Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) tP1znJh>y 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) sa?s[ @rP#ktz] Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. vd9PB N 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 PR3i}y> a9_KoOa.H ~K@p`CRbV 4.Audit evidence :z-?L0C=0 审计证据
uCHM }ijFvIHV Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence zDf96eK 获取足够、适当的审计证据 &q>C 1\aV4T Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 7H
g;SK6t0 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 z2iWr T@xaa\bzg The audit of specific items uquY
z_2 审计的具体项目 KFBBqP B{K_?ae! Receivables: confirmation ;TKsAU 应收帐款:确认 ]+5Y\~I mtf><YU Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties SveP:uJA[ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 V]Kk=
$\#wsI( Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation j9/hZqo 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 pS "A{k)i rRXF@ Bank and cash: bank confirmation qtjx<`EK> 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 aJJ)ZP2+ 0HI0/Tvu$< Auditing sampling \I
7&F82e 审计抽样 I@kMM12>c A
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&8dj*!4H 复核 q}]z8 L JSoInR1E Subsequent events =%S*h)}@ 随后发生的事件 (g>&ov(d f3*S
IKi *-3*51 jW Iv{uk$^7S lvG+9e3+ Going concern h^f?rWD:nz 持续关注 b?-KC\}v o,qUf Management representations Z*Fn2I4 与管理层的交涉沟通 >CYz6G j geNvp0 Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences :n OCs 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 c3)6{ m' eM&1Ba 82YZN5S3]3 6. Reporting !]MGIh#u 报告 "d*-k R 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com r@CbhD Appendix K7ZRj\(CJv 附录 km,@yU Audit procedure ^@$T>SB1 审计程序 7-}/{o*,5