1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 c#N4XsG, _Z0 .c@0 Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance %b^4XTz 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 t<Acq07 @njNP^'Kx Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors s6|'s<x"j 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 2PlhnU Q7 ,j*9 ) Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion t<8)h8eW 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 d{7ZO#E E#KZZ lbx Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior ;gZ
^c]\ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 f7_(C0d S.!,qv z Engagement letter |0i{z(B 约定书(委托书) _c>ww<*3 |c/=9Bb 2. Planning and risk assessment VP#KoX85 规划和风险评估 w
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'1 e(8hSVcl4 General principles z}MxMx
c4h 一般原则 %P0 0 %~~IT}U Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism ;A,X,f 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 fmuh9Z u}nS dZC Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk lJdBUoO 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 D -tRy~} a dqS.xs Risk-based approach ]:gW+6w"C 基于风险的办法 AmF[#)90P 7% D 4 Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business +F)-n2Bi 了解商业的实质和知识 |HmY`w6*z Q6HJ+H-Ub Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud Xq;|l?,O 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 t%Jk3W/f /i,n75/y? Materiality (level), tolerable error T aS1%( 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 QJ XP- VCWW(Y1Fd Analytical procedures v#Rh:#7O%U 分析程序 d=vuy
@}4aF| Planning an audit +aOdaNcI 规划审计工作 uY.Ns ?8 SZKYq8ZA)V Audit documentation: working papers [Qnf]n\FJ 审计文件:工作底稿 3mHzOs\jU >%tG[jb The work of others Tgz=I4g 其他机构的文件 g=t`3X#d lKsn6c,] Rely on the work of experts a$=~1@ 依靠专家的工作 i#la'ICwJ G!6b
)4L- Rely on the work of internal audit ]Ucw&B*@ 依靠内部审计工作 e`n ZiM> mXz*Gi 3. Internal control uHKEt[PS$ 内部控制 zr|DC]
3 ^)-[g The evaluation of internal control systems 8oJl
] 对内部控制系统的评估 iN&oSpQ {32
m&a Tests of control u+j\PWOtm 控制测试 inaO{ny y 7FE36Ub9 Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) fmixWL7.Zg 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) /9pxEidVAS #Nh'1@@ Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. (F&LN!Hn>p 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。
(I$%6JO: T]%-Ri 5mZ2CDV 4.Audit evidence 86=W}eV1r 审计证据 f8;?WSGyD2 3Q$
4`p; Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence 1D'r;`z 获取足够、适当的审计证据 tu}!:5xi yP{ 52%|+ Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations %>&ex0j] 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 _RaE:) 'W(u. The audit of specific items GNJ/|9 审计的具体项目 Q$U5[TZm {IgH0+z Receivables: confirmation 8JY0]G6 应收帐款:确认 T_S3_-|{== M=raKb?F Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties G?}?>
O 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 X<,QSTP S($/Ov Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation @*y4uI6& 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 |#_p0yPy _
dAyw Bank and cash: bank confirmation K%dQ;C*? 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 DO(};R%= 4H6Fq*W{k Auditing sampling RvAgv[8 审计抽样 m#UQ,EM a]r+np]vTy 5.Review
66&uK| 复核 }? _KZ)
Br!;Ac&N Subsequent events Po)U!5Tm 随后发生的事件 56)!&MF 8H4NNj Oy ;}SGJ7 vi}16V84l Ro]Z9C>1o Going concern +KbkdYZ 持续关注
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!QT4 Management representations i3eF_ 与管理层的交涉沟通 &ww-t.. He=C\" Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences ym|7
i9 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 mS'Ad
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a+Y/ 6. Reporting P4#i]7% 报告 0;l~B 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com ',R%Q0Q Appendix $U?]^ 附录 8r(awp Audit procedure $l*?Ce: 审计程序 /ugWl99.W