1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 $M1;d1e6' qporH]J-E Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance $4]4G=o 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 _OK!/T*FBt zXe]P(p< Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors G420o}q 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 -JclEp 1TgD;qX Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion +}BKDEb 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 &7eN
EA I1p{(fJ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior v}@Uc-( 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为
FWLLbL5t 1([?EfC Engagement letter OSwum!hzN 约定书(委托书) O1oh,~W mlz|KI~\F; 2. Planning and risk assessment NkAu<>
G _ 规划和风险评估 Z[kVVE9b? .la_u8
A] General principles j(c;r> 一般原则 O81'i2MJ9 <JW%h :\t Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism ]oKHS$W9 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ~^o YPd52* jTqEV
( Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk bc2S?u{ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 (Y"./BDY d[p?B-7% Risk-based approach B!J&=*=e 基于风险的办法 EEHTlqvR /^`do3a} Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business ~le:4q
aX 了解商业的实质和知识
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c Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud C0&ZQvvy1: 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 1Q$/L+uJ5 jori,"s
Materiality (level), tolerable error mC'<Ov<eJ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ?%b#FXA QL-E4] Analytical procedures >{"E~U 分析程序 q oz[x cfHtUv Planning an audit ZD4:'m`T/ 规划审计工作 ,oJ$m$(Lj f~f)6XU| Audit documentation: working papers 7<LCX{Uw 审计文件:工作底稿 48.4GwL7 i8=+<d The work of others xqv&^,ic 其他机构的文件 (?[%u0%_ H4W!@"e Rely on the work of experts (b7',:_U7 依靠专家的工作 8,)<,g-/= ^a7a_M Rely on the work of internal audit PD-*rG ` 依靠内部审计工作 { ^R>H|~ 9e;:(jl^ 3. Internal control -.5R.~@ 内部控制 u/J1Z>0 RH;A|[7T& The evaluation of internal control systems 4UMOC_ 对内部控制系统的评估 c7]0>nU; !fJy7Y Tests of control yB4
eUa!1 控制测试 pwA~?$B1 9dva]$^:*1 Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) I.U=%{. 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) ~pwk[Q!
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sM$8 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. ~e686L0j 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 n/%M9osF 1 ;Uc-< oW6b3Q/B 4.Audit evidence oKPG0iM: 审计证据 %kuUQ%W1 ?2K~']\S Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence IB^vEY!`6_ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 =0>[-:Z H?;@r1ZAn Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations C-&s$5MzGb 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 i4)]lWnd $]4o!Z The audit of specific items }D!o=Mg^ 审计的具体项目 *`t3z-L Z OqD.=O( Receivables: confirmation !j9(%
,PR 应收帐款:确认 'wo}1^V ,hCbx#h Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties {z@a{L:SC 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 MTn}]blH fjm3X$tR Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation fbJa$ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 m>!aI?g rE?B9BF3O Bank and cash: bank confirmation <m%ZDOMa 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 -~
Dn^B1^ ,8stEp9~h] Auditing sampling S~^]ib0 审计抽样 QM
{B(zH Gyc_B 5.Review
U}GO* + 复核 )O>
M~ b\H,+|iK Subsequent events fH%C&xj'& 随后发生的事件 Lv
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Q>TNzh )#,a'~w Going concern f+2mX"Z
[F 持续关注 od*#) :e\M~n+y Management representations F`.W 9
H3 与管理层的交涉沟通 2c3/iYCKP v1 f^gde Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences U :8cz=# 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 m[Qr>= " hPt=j{aJ%< afjEN
y1 6. Reporting Iz&<rL;s 报告 5?TX.h9B4 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com fF.+{-. Appendix r(g2&}o\ 附录 $LtCI Audit procedure r<'B\.#tp> 审计程序 |lh&l<=(f