1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 B mq7w,L. /esSM~*H Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance = :rR%L!a 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 CybHr#LBc t?p[w&@M2 Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors cDMA#gp 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 (,eH*/~/ \HFeEEKH Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion Ilvz@= 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 N%{&%C 6{ JF]HkH_u Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior YC\~P
VG 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 <7TE[M' uGl+"/uDu Engagement letter L-[<C/`;t 约定书(委托书) cCN[c)[c| SesJg~8 2. Planning and risk assessment jj8AV lN 规划和风险评估 ot P7;l kBd #=J General principles &Mbpv)V8 一般原则 R?g
qPi- (NUwkAOM} Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism x
fw)0S 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 +^hFs7je) rkW*C'2fz Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk V}ZF\SG(K 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 weC$\st:D !=>pI/ECQ* Risk-based approach (</cu$w>H) 基于风险的办法 6JBE=9d-Q X<J
NwjM% Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business ='<0z?A
f 了解商业的实质和知识 rz0~W6 U p;Kw$fQ? Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud knZee!FA7
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 jLc4D' MnUal}MO Materiality (level), tolerable error XEMi~L+ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 x]6OE]]8L +K2jYgy Analytical procedures "Q;n-fqf 分析程序 xS]=WO* RVtb0FL Planning an audit hb7H- Z2 规划审计工作 & D4'hL3 WP7*Q:5 Audit documentation: working papers )2C`;\/: 审计文件:工作底稿 \ '6hv>W@ h{I)^8,M The work of others iqURlI);P 其他机构的文件 ziCTvT d(zBd=; Rely on the work of experts FS30RP3
`/ 依靠专家的工作
_c?&G` ]cLO-A Rely on the work of internal audit HYf&0LT<11 依靠内部审计工作 Im
i)YC z/aZD\[_ 3. Internal control hSE\RX 9 内部控制 Oe=7z'o E\&~S+:Xp The evaluation of internal control systems }
-9 对内部控制系统的评估 F?xbVN }N!I|<"/ Tests of control &m_4# 控制测试 6hQ?MYX e*.
l6H/B Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) ^@e4 mO 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) gH5E+J_$ I|]
~f[xI Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 9mfqr$3 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 E$d
Pu H'Q4IRT IY2caXu 4.Audit evidence 7(AB5.O 审计证据 M \rW 'Y{fah Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence ]P;Ng=a 获取足够、适当的审计证据 @DG$ XOK.E&eilj Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 6tBL?'pG 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 .XQ_, ," ~ew , The audit of specific items ;LM`B^Q]s 审计的具体项目 gB,~Y511 "HSAwe`5jU Receivables: confirmation t=\y|Idc 应收帐款:确认 /pni_-l* GF[onfQY7 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties &y"e|aE 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 R@Ch3l@ 9BgR@b Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation q_K8vGm4e 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 FYh+G-Y# mb_*FJB-_ Bank and cash: bank confirmation s
8O"U% 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 @
*'$QD, S?n, O+q Auditing sampling p\T.l<p 审计抽样 >sk vg 7kJ =C 5.Review
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w} 复核 &'
E( YJi C}.4Q Subsequent events I[u%kir 随后发生的事件 #1c%3KaZI H]2cw{2 &0A^_Z .nA ^ 'W<| Kppi
N+ || Going concern ?QuD:vck 持续关注 'o41)p @}sxA9a Management representations %DH2]B? 0 与管理层的交涉沟通 GSck^o2{ p2Yc:9r9+A Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences .;#Wf@V 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 BVAxeXO
fX"cQ& h8# 14? 6. Reporting rt- ^?2c? 报告 4H@:| 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com h$3o]~t Appendix 4O}ZnE1[ 附录 BC|=-^( Audit procedure x93t.5E6 审计程序 Z]U"i 1lA