1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 :`E8Z:-R ]V-W~r= Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance p`nPhk,:b 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 !1n8vzs"c n"+[ :w4 Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors kxp); 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 OS4q5;1# z ?[r Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion |X,|QC*7? 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 vy_D
>tp bKj%s@x Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior %@;6^= 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 XQ%? n8uv#DsdK Engagement letter 3<k `+,' 约定书(委托书) pAb.c !Gu%U $d 2. Planning and risk assessment zrR`ecC(b 规划和风险评估 #Y0-BYa^ w
j[\B*$? General principles "VkTY|a
一般原则
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! TT50(_8 Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism A,V\"
KU 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 {88gW\GL qb5#_1qz+^ Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 1BAgtd$3 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 =8r 0 (c &FH2fMLQ Risk-based approach } X^|$ 基于风险的办法 r|PFw6 )uK{uYQl Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business $ e\h}A6 了解商业的实质和知识 ?."&MZ nB%;S Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud VR+<v 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Z|_K6v/c "z0zpHXek Materiality (level), tolerable error 28/ A
DZ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 %9k!A]KD lc2 i`MC Analytical procedures Ypeiy`. 分析程序 0O\SU"bP fV v.@HL{ Planning an audit MZTx:EN! 规划审计工作 UA4J>1 i JC}f-%H?K Audit documentation: working papers Nc:({@I 审计文件:工作底稿 f;&]:2.j e'*`.^ The work of others Aub]IO~ 其他机构的文件 {NPuu?& q}/WQ]p} < Rely on the work of experts M
t*6}Cl 依靠专家的工作 3' ~gviI s:2|c]wQ#R Rely on the work of internal audit sp7*_&'J 依靠内部审计工作 .s<*'B7& 3I!?e!y3( 3. Internal control b+6"#/s 内部控制 N0K){ :9R=]#uD The evaluation of internal control systems :Gu+m 对内部控制系统的评估 o]ag"Q -DN8Yb Tests of control L4b:F0 控制测试 Ti2Ls5H} ?;wpd';c Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) SG?Nsp^%`B 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) )mJf|W!Z# l"q1?kaVg Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. K]qM~v<A 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 Fi.aC;sx RrhT'':[ :LWn<,4F& 4.Audit evidence
d\H&dkpH 审计证据 yMZHUd %*o8L6
Hn Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence KJ?y@Q 获取足够、适当的审计证据 .fi/I a8dXH5_ Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 65oWD- 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 ]Ni;w]KE ~
^>417> The audit of specific items l{:a1^[>y 审计的具体项目 cO\- 2[B4f7
Receivables: confirmation IcrL 应收帐款:确认 7QVuc!V )-Ej5'iHr Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties Q\
Gq|e* 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 'JZJFE7Z b$Hz3TJ( Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation /({;0
I*!i 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 `gpQW~*R-; hH->%* Bank and cash: bank confirmation C{Asp 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 X 6lH|R 2/36dGFH Auditing sampling E RdL^T> 审计抽样
0G <hn8> <e)o1+[w 5.Review
[ U8$HQ+x 复核 B51kV0 HPQ/~0$ Subsequent events PF`rWw 随后发生的事件 o<l 2 r GIftrYr LF?P>
1%- ?X9]HlH =s}Xy_+: Going concern (X +s-4% 持续关注 ~AG$5! pO~c<d}b Management representations >p])it[q&$ 与管理层的交涉沟通 E2AW7f(/ =q(GHg;' Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences .mL#6P!d3^ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 "PH6e bm ~%ozgzr^ C;Ic 6. Reporting ogeL[7 报告 64j|}wJ$ 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com k$Rnj`*^ Appendix gV U1Y6. 附录 6<Hu8$G| Audit procedure ^1jk$$f 审计程序 YCy2 2@C