1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 C;(t/zh JF
/,K"J Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance k<+0o)) 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 W-/}q0h ;\MW$/[JCy Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 0EJ(.8hwm 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 w\}?( uO $H$j-)\D Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion /pp1~r.s?> 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 ;l}- Z@! / TY(bPq Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior <_(/X,kBK 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 ?aW^+3i 5{$LsL Engagement letter )!tK[K?5 约定书(委托书) S>.F_Jl {-BRt)L[ 2. Planning and risk assessment q64k7<C, 规划和风险评估 1wW)tNKIF @xc',I General principles *%vwM7 一般原则 81*M= ? ,YhdY6 Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism t tXjn 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 lgpW@g bqQq=SO Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ;+1RUv 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 2YuN~- KN"S?i]X Risk-based approach Blq8H"3!: 基于风险的办法 LK"
bC TPhTaKCio Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business XlI!{qj| 了解商业的实质和知识 Nm):9YQ/ Z/rTVAs@r Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud PQ|69*2G 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ! Q<>3xZ 76.{0c Materiality (level), tolerable error l^J75$7 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 tRpEF2 wM[~2C=vx Analytical procedures G|
8%qd 分析程序 )bx_;9Y{ c#N<"cy> Planning an audit a(]`F(L 规划审计工作 6n1rL (6v(9p Audit documentation: working papers E2L(wt}^ 审计文件:工作底稿 r}yG0c, PM":Vd/ The work of others L!_ZY 其他机构的文件 Z`3ufXPNlO j]0^y}5f+s Rely on the work of experts '&;yT[ 依靠专家的工作 >!6i3E^ b%f[p/no Rely on the work of internal audit 7k
Ky\W 依靠内部审计工作 mW%?>Z1=>d aAu>Tn86D. 3. Internal control *c[2C 内部控制 "!K'A7.^ N)% ;jh:T The evaluation of internal control systems juBw5U< 对内部控制系统的评估 :Sg_tOf midsnG+jnf Tests of control 27ckdyQx 控制测试 1xf=_F0`& 56hA]O29O Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) M\b")Tu{0 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) ]aCk_*U p#f+P? Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. avp;*G} 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 (SVWd
gb Fyyg`J /9yaW7w 4.Audit evidence *sQcg8{^ 审计证据 m\/(w_/? ZWV|# c<G Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence z<gu00U7 获取足够、适当的审计证据 Ta
JB4zB "x'), Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations /\mKY%kyh 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 bshGS8O C9S@v D+ The audit of specific items Vv$HR 审计的具体项目 CGw--`#\ ;evCW$
G= Receivables: confirmation y'ja< 1I> 应收帐款:确认 AgF5-tz6x
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties Q4s&E\} 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 (UNtRz'=; uQ
LlA&I" Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation ^C&+
~+ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 &Y@#
g9G U3vEdw<lV Bank and cash: bank confirmation F="z]C;u 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 /.5;in r^$~>!kZ| Auditing sampling ZA#y)z8!E 审计抽样 09M;}4ev&7 ghk5rl$ 5.Review
LE?u`i,e=+ 复核 0BkV/v1Uc /7$mxtB5%L Subsequent events !Q-wdzsp? 随后发生的事件 Ccfwax+ ?3sT"r_d@ dTEJ=d40 NnxM3* bm&87 Going concern cTZ)"^z! 持续关注 rqCa 2 #`tD1T{; Management representations `NwdbKX 与管理层的交涉沟通 8dT'xuch ;'RFo?u K Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences AZFWuPJo 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 e/e0d<(1 v@ONo?) 0/]_n
d 6. Reporting urY
`^lX~ 报告 @%i>XAe#0 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com %/0gWG Appendix j.-VJo) 附录 UPCQs", Audit procedure i8V
0Ty4~N 审计程序 ~] =?b)B