1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 2TxHY|4 rcx'`CIJ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance Ce%fz~*b 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 ZY Ci&l j1Q"s( Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 1p%75VW 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 &!=[.1H< /GQN34RD Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion q4wS<,3 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 N)tqjq (tLAJ_v!.K Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior x6BO%1 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 o[ua$+67E dRXEF6G Engagement letter /O$7A7Tl 约定书(委托书) ^o@N.+`&< WU"
Lu 2. Planning and risk assessment ivb?B,Lz0 规划和风险评估 TTSyDl
/ ~\ I General principles ]g0h7q)79 一般原则 0qPbmLMK 3gcDc~~= Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism &P,z$H{o@ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 Dno'-{- u}:p@j}Zv Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk =OUms@xcE 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 E#L"*vh ~t ` uq Risk-based approach c<c"n' 基于风险的办法 (X?'}Ur
/l)|B Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business \ O#6H5F 了解商业的实质和知识 f#mcWL1} zx7g5;J Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud i4XE26B;e 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 +"HLx%k g=gWkN
< Materiality (level), tolerable error X-$\DXRIo 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 q#n0!5Lv2
8FmRD Analytical procedures 5,,b>Z< 分析程序 8>KBh)q k m(Mv Planning an audit 6S2u%-] 规划审计工作 13X\PO'9 5jb/[i^V Audit documentation: working papers X^!1MpEQ 审计文件:工作底稿 b# RTHe&X 0<{zW%w The work of others P`$"B0B) 其他机构的文件 F.%g_Xvk: #w
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T Rely on the work of experts 9t1aR*b&@ 依靠专家的工作 "")I1iO
g '0juZ~>} Rely on the work of internal audit 5^}"Tn4I 依靠内部审计工作 Bn5O;I13
9P M\D@A{ 3. Internal control g3`:d)| 内部控制 h ?Ni5 = DT7]f
U The evaluation of internal control systems a+--2+~= 对内部控制系统的评估 3ZF- n` $<~o,e-4 Tests of control .8O. 控制测试 uzA_Zj
x ~G;lEp Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 8)1k>= 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) aIA9rn
sUki|lP Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 6]/LrM, 23 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 etPb^$ Tr}
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% bi^Xdu 4.Audit evidence <DM
/"^* 审计证据 B}(+
\Q$I SG)hrd Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence m-M.F9R 获取足够、适当的审计证据 h5x_Vjj 6^Q Bol Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations <yxEGjm 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 }aPx28:/ w,<nH:~ The audit of specific items + \DGS 审计的具体项目 mo$`a6[h< CflGj0oy8 Receivables: confirmation .sO.Y<-fl 应收帐款:确认 h]DS$WZ NJVAvq2E. Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties {!$E\e^d 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 Yb~[XS |p EEU)eltI Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation P{'T9U|O- 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 +;H-0Q5 {GTOHJ2 Bank and cash: bank confirmation '`/Qr~] 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 (sXR@Ce$ 7V^\fh5~ Auditing sampling !c;Z<@ 审计抽样 .5i\L OTd e~NEyS~3 5.Review
L=ala1{O 复核 Q*W`mFul Stzv Subsequent events zNu>25/)( 随后发生的事件 ?l6NQ;z N,iYUM? <3[,bTIk 7_HJ|QB 6@"lIKeP Going concern th$?#4SbR 持续关注 8>}k5Qu }#~DX!Sj Management representations V<ZohB?y 与管理层的交涉沟通
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LpsM} Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences O%1X[ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 eQiK\iDS xJQ-k/` P6n9yJ$,cb 6. Reporting HF2w?: 报告 Au-_6d
T 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com D4@'C4kL Appendix !)Y T_ib 附录 *Zj2*e{Z9U Audit procedure cv .R`)l 审计程序 +@U}gk;#c