1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 v\}s(X(J
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance @GyxOc@6
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 V\6V&_
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors \\d!z-NOk?
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 dZ6P)R
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion ] i:WP2
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 tMDJ,rT
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior 0n)99Osq(u
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 _rakTo8BY
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Engagement letter eR|u']Em>T
约定书(委托书) $O[$<D%H
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2. Planning and risk assessment !V O^oD7
规划和风险评估 ~bnyk%S
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一般原则 (
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism (O-.^
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持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 R|g50Q
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk sBq6,Iu
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 O]cuJp
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Risk-based approach De^Uc
基于风险的办法 IZSJ+KO
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 1@<PcQBp
了解商业的实质和知识 (`)ZR%i
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud 6+LBs.vl}
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 r>,s-T!7
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Materiality (level), tolerable error yLgv<
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重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ; nc3O{rU
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Analytical procedures X"EZpJ'W
分析程序
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Planning an audit X4dxH_@
规划审计工作 Q`)iy/1M
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Audit documentation: working papers r>_40+|&
审计文件:工作底稿 !e?2
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The work of others e.Gjp{
其他机构的文件 HaA2y
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Rely on the work of experts 8Xx4W^*_
依靠专家的工作 H~<w*[uT
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Rely on the work of internal audit PdqyNn=
依靠内部审计工作 'B9q&k%<
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3. Internal control 9,cMb)=0
内部控制 qtlcY8!
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The evaluation of internal control systems M97MIku~9
对内部控制系统的评估 bZlKy`Z
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Tests of control ,(;]8G-Yj
控制测试 5*\]F}
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) HB*H%>L{"B
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) TOw;P:-
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 4vJg"
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交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ^E&WgXlb
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4.Audit evidence &a!MT^anA~
审计证据 JXQh$hs
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence ht_'GBS)
获取足够、适当的审计证据 @iBaJ"*,
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations `5
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财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 C;I:?4
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The audit of specific items 8k )i-&R
审计的具体项目 &P&VJLA