1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 !6wbg x+O}R D*G Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance lRn6Zh 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 'z#{'`$a -9S.G Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors [xXml On! 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 u&=SZX&G k 5T[9|zJs Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion zN\~v 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 |U_48 lA4Bq Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior
`9QrkkG+ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 F:/R'0 >4d2IO1\ Engagement letter ?80@+y] 约定书(委托书) M} IRagm 6TE RQ 2. Planning and risk assessment K/~+bq#+ 规划和风险评估 `>fN?He jl<rxO?-F General principles vf@d(g 一般原则 AJrwl^lm SnbH`\U" Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism F}Bc +i#] 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 qYFol#=% 1K'0ajl1A Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk N0c+V["s 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 B{ N
KDkDH /Q"nQSG Risk-based approach r'hr'wZ 基于风险的办法 x8T5aS !MB % Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business ]lF'o&v] 了解商业的实质和知识 {6<7M *seKph+'c Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud NDB ]8C 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Z*kGWL q[]!V0Ek10 Materiality (level), tolerable error oll~|J^sg 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 (j u-r*0 )2oWoZvi9 Analytical procedures uNnwz%w 分析程序 1vu4}%nD t8s1d Planning an audit zQ
{g~x 规划审计工作 K0]'v>AWr $*%Ml+H- Audit documentation: working papers t4?g_$> 审计文件:工作底稿 $B4}('&4FQ ^ h^2='p The work of others w2~(/RgO 其他机构的文件 i~z:Fe
{ ja~b5Tf9 Rely on the work of experts G=3/PYp 依靠专家的工作 ~0fT*lp Fm-W@ Rely on the work of internal audit "yc/8{U
依靠内部审计工作 NV;5T3
q yy.3-( 3. Internal control 8N6a= [fv< 内部控制 )?pin|_x vD) LRO
Z The evaluation of internal control systems CBSJY&:K 对内部控制系统的评估 %@Ks<"9 e=Kv[R'(M Tests of control D +)6#i
Y 控制测试 m[oe$yH ;k7` ` Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) GU'5`Yzd9 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) ^V_acAuS^ qB]z"Hfq, Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 7^
KQQ([ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 *8/Q_w FTCp3g ~A
8lvuw3 4.Audit evidence WGG|d)'@ 审计证据 A>>@&c:( Eg-b5Z); Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence )0AE*S 获取足够、适当的审计证据
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9VI Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations e^&YQl 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 RO wbzA)]r lbg6n:@
The audit of specific items wc bs-arH 审计的具体项目 Y hLtf(r OM!ES%c, Receivables: confirmation c#"\&~. P 应收帐款:确认 T
,7Y7MzF QJdSNkc6 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties @aCg1Rm 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 {K3\S
0L tsfOPth$* Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation tx5_e[ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 ).oqlA! A$XjzTR Bank and cash: bank confirmation ~g|e?$j 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 7U.g4x|< Bf'jXM{- Auditing sampling 'b661,+d 审计抽样 aGpRdF1;! ~O1*] 5.Review
#(aROTV5a 复核 &@+K%qW[e _&(ij(H Subsequent events _\]D<\St 随后发生的事件 q`$QroZT" k}lx!Ck w,}}mC)\* /mD KQ< n;Iey[7_E` Going concern Jh466;
E 持续关注 HENCQ_Wra @bqCs^U35 Management representations /0o 2 与管理层的交涉沟通 _L$)~},cT "apv)xdW Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences [tD*\\IA 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 ,s)~Y
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% ES |%RFXkHS 6. Reporting ~-:CN(U 报告 l?FNYvL 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com --^D)n Appendix b$$XriD] 附录 M9&tys[ KX Audit procedure oTa
! F;I 审计程序 q!ZmF1sU