1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 =v<w29P(g %k#+nad Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance iL;V5|(sb 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 j~N*T XkC yF)J7a:U Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors iW6O9~ 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 \na$Sb+ Ixn|BCi60A Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 4<($Z
N8 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 >\1twd{u] 6!]@S|vDX Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior STnM Bz7 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 :=hL}(~] fDs T@W,K Engagement letter g!~SHW)l 约定书(委托书) eF%M2:&c; ''9]`B,:a0 2. Planning and risk assessment 0HWSdf|w 规划和风险评估 |X=p`iz1& :\~>7VFg General principles oSrA4g 一般原则 0G8@UJv6 TIJH}Ri Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism q(qm3OxYo 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 W_wC"
?A% us.[wp'Sh Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk Hpix:To 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ahXcQ9jzFi eI
( S)q Risk-based approach e&x)g;bn 基于风险的办法 wx
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^oG9&"; Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business h>bjG 了解商业的实质和知识 JAHg_! IER;d\_V< Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud q%G[tXw 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 qVh?%c1.Y ,C6( Materiality (level), tolerable error p^Ey6,!8]D 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 l0G{{R0Y C1{Q 4(K% Analytical procedures h.?<(I 分析程序 }m<+tn
3m X}'rPz\Lu Planning an audit
#om Gj& 规划审计工作 Ia%cc
L= Y"t|0dO%b Audit documentation: working papers L<dh\5#p9Y 审计文件:工作底稿 N$>Ml!J f=91
Z_M The work of others F7<M{h5s 其他机构的文件 EJ
{vJZO VJ#ys_W Rely on the work of experts h*^JFZb 依靠专家的工作 ?MywA'N@x NCg("n,jx Rely on the work of internal audit "d-vs t5 依靠内部审计工作 NdJ]\>5oN, |m\7/&@< 3. Internal control #.u&2eyqQ 内部控制 ,sj(g/hg f]10^y5& The evaluation of internal control systems N#-%b"( 对内部控制系统的评估 %ly&~&0 0>m$e(Z Tests of control EiD41N 控制测试 j7);N rk%pA-P2 Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) >Ch2
Ep 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) [6K[P3UZx nd\$Y Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. s-6$C 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 xX%{i0E @ebY_* 0XljFQ 4.Audit evidence <b
~~X`Z 审计证据 ^VzhjKSu CNV^,`FX Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence KY2z)#/ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 F'wG% 43=)akJi Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations \*5z0A9)5) 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 vx$DKQK@l\ BSkmFd(* The audit of specific items i%i s<' 审计的具体项目 `+."X1 ENA"T-p Receivables: confirmation B !x6N" 应收帐款:确认 Wt5pK[JV ~"bBwPI Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties sOz
{spA 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 q( EN]W], KWYjN
h#* Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation
7<:o4\q?m 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 t\:=|t, z2R?GQ5 A Bank and cash: bank confirmation Kl ?C[ 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 ,ZYPffu<* e~he#o[%a Auditing sampling V~8]ag4 审计抽样 ?]*"S{Cq v 6%9 kc+
9 5.Review
lP4s"8E`h 复核 //3fgol
y mDt!b6N/ Subsequent events -oZw+ge} 随后发生的事件 m1K4_a)^[ 2.{zfr ~md06"AYJ o=zl{tZV Jz0AYiCq Going concern `Y!8,(5# 持续关注 =Y^K
M`iE'x Management representations Y#P!<Q>} 与管理层的交涉沟通 [Tvdchl OC .|P
:n' Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences Rw63{b/ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 @5??`
n RP 6<#tq, y(a>Y! dgU 6. Reporting {QN 5QGvK 报告 8B "^}y\0 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com +~==qLsU Appendix 0Bkc93 附录 l"h6e$dP Audit procedure @eESKg(, 审计程序 Oku7&L1