1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 \m#{{SGm IQQ>0^Q~ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance eC`G0.op 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 H3+P;2{ K_%gda|l+ Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors j%i6H1#.Z 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 lJt?0;gn P52qt N< Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion _8e0vi!~2 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 o,'Fz?[T% 2FQT
u*p&B Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior ;0-R"c)- 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 lT_dzO B1TWOl?d{ Engagement letter iUlSRfrC$# 约定书(委托书) (3&P8ZGNR 6S^JmYq 2. Planning and risk assessment w[#*f?at~ 规划和风险评估 gw<udhk
W!JEl|] General principles ;Qidf}: 一般原则 6Oy6r
36}&{A Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism KgXu x-q 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 aVp-Ps|r <MJ-w1A Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 8Yf=) 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 8zQN[[#n P?+
VR=t Risk-based approach LeYI<a@n@$ 基于风险的办法 !UHX?<3r 3g5D[>J' Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business h]&o)%{4 了解商业的实质和知识 ~R~eQ=8 y<PQ$D) Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud lqvP
Dz 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 dte-2?%~j Jt3*(+J>/ Materiality (level), tolerable error :VE0eJ]J6 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 j|LO g S7b7zJ8A Analytical procedures oiQ:&$y 分析程序 fzUG1|$e NMESGNa)z Planning an audit Xt!wOW 规划审计工作 }O2P>Z?V pW_mS| Audit documentation: working papers dw%g9DT 审计文件:工作底稿
Kxi@"<`S -m$2"_ The work of others zEDN^K ' 其他机构的文件 9[h8Dy !{vZvy" Rely on the work of experts r`e6B!p 依靠专家的工作 f/U~X; py6O\` \ Rely on the work of internal audit 5m\)82s 依靠内部审计工作 %2'Y@AX` lXXWQ= 3. Internal control Aa^w{D 内部控制 zb.sh A@e!~ The evaluation of internal control systems z&z5EtFUTh 对内部控制系统的评估 h;A~:}c, Z<'iT%6+r Tests of control zKThM#.Wa 控制测试 r|y\FL \_7'f Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 0
O(V y y 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) !w/]V{9`X le6eorK8 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. YD#L@:&gv 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 !ZY1AhGZ lU.aDmy< .2y @@g 4.Audit evidence NRI[| 审计证据 o1H6E1$= 79B+8= K Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence Nhtc^DX 获取足够、适当的审计证据 f7Gs1{
CIz_v.&: Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations df/7u}>9 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 D4*_/,} lU`t~|>r+ The audit of specific items uEkGo5
审计的具体项目 @*WrHoa2N 4^!%>V"d/ Receivables: confirmation xu@xP5GB^ 应收帐款:确认 k<RaC= 9TEAM<b; Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties [B j\h7G 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 /xd|mo)D &Y3ZGRT Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation eTI?Mu>C 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 6 kD. 2B+qS'OT Bank and cash: bank confirmation fIn^a3TV 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 `2y?(BJp w`atk=K Auditing sampling 6Q_ZP#oAV 审计抽样 vZPBjloT!. 0J
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=RW 5.Review
xF*i+'2 复核 0iKAg #V
y:6O Subsequent events fM"&=X 随后发生的事件 QE721y ED>P>Gg ?>
My&yB BY@l:y4 ,M$h3B\;r Going concern u
R]8ZT") 持续关注 #Fkp6`Q$x [J55%N;#1 Management representations &,* ILz 与管理层的交涉沟通 2_TFc2d 27MwZz Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences :mt<]Oy3 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 '_
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spWo{ ^_BjO(b'e 6. Reporting wJu9. 报告 ;_0frX 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com ^b
3nEcQn Appendix Z_mQpt|y 附录 8EU/}Ym Audit procedure :Xu9`5 审计程序 vVSf'w