1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 %7Gq#rq X`]>J5 Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance ;~}!P7z 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 :mdoGb$dr 0.wN&:I8t Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors Hjy4tA7,l 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 uBaGOW|Pl AUaupNN Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion You~
6d6Om 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 *m6*sIR ,nw5 M.D_ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior Z~"8C Kz 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 oTpoh]|[
Bf,}mCq Engagement letter u/`x@u 约定书(委托书) Q0""wRq' 4DGKZh'm" 2. Planning and risk assessment +C4NhA2 规划和风险评估 I=8MLv 0B5d $0 General principles G?+]BIiL 一般原则 c+<gc:#jy fp"GdkO#}i Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism u z:@ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 pzDz@lAwR k%LsjN.S Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk +AOpB L' 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 :-b-)*TC; e/IVZmUn^ Risk-based approach PO0/C q) 基于风险的办法 XP@&I[J3sI p?+;[!: Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business /<IXCM. 了解商业的实质和知识 \Xg`@JrTM oeG?2!Zh Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud /oU$TaB
>( 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 MPJ0>Ly (/J %Huy Materiality (level), tolerable error Now2ad& 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 mP ^*nB@, |Fzt|
\ Analytical procedures i
th!,jY*i 分析程序 7FP
@ v ng S!~p/bB[+I Planning an audit /_/Z/D! 规划审计工作 +hMF\@ x>[ gShAV! Audit documentation: working papers +PHuQ 审计文件:工作底稿 toC|vn&P ]iiB|xT The work of others hmtDw,j 其他机构的文件 /C[XC7^4' Z
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98 Rely on the work of experts 7, :l\t 依靠专家的工作 (7}Zh|@W O>arCr=H Rely on the work of internal audit wRE2rsXoU 依靠内部审计工作 ]+AgXUrbOD ._}Dqg$ 3. Internal control ~ePtK~,dv 内部控制 ;+VHi%5Z lK y4Nry9 The evaluation of internal control systems [{rne2sA 对内部控制系统的评估 $
4A!Y 'J#uD|9) Tests of control q3Y49d 控制测试 7o`pNcabtz yI*h"?7T
Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) P,SI0$Z 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) vjXCArS 0,[-4m Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. A-qpuI;f 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 I$Fr8R$ /Oa.@53tK6 R2nDK7j 4.Audit evidence )N]%cO(^ 审计证据 #'h(o/hz&& vTYgWR
,h Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence lyrwm{& 获取足够、适当的审计证据 kv?j]<WN [IW6F Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations kpO+ 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 7:h_U9Za?$
05vu{> The audit of specific items &pLCN[a 审计的具体项目 ,DWC=:@X ogKd}qTov Receivables: confirmation sh8(+hg 应收帐款:确认 ?anKSGfj
5v-o2 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties vke]VXU9z 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 55|.MXzq {Ng HH]]O Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation s2\6\8Ipn 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 _<G% {:d9q Bank and cash: bank confirmation pNR
69/wGi 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 &T/}|3S h\$juIQa Auditing sampling 834dsl+U 审计抽样 'l3K*lck i3\6*$Ug 5.Review
AehkEN&H/t 复核 )VCRbz"[g H>2f M^ Subsequent events HxH=~B1"P 随后发生的事件 LC:bHM,e s|=.L&" auT$-Ki8 hFWK^]~ a lw"5p)aB Going concern iVGc\6+' 持续关注 9ApGn!` #5.L%F Management representations 6
bnuC 与管理层的交涉沟通 ec` $2u A?sU[b6_ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences #ZRplA~C7] 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 ePJtdKN
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I5? 6. Reporting `L=$,7` 报告 ,o)U9< 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com )vFZl] Appendix NTtRz( 附录 a,N?GxK~ Audit procedure |.Pl[y 审计程序 Wd_cNR\