1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 j/=iMq qm/Q65>E Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance ZkL8 e 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 :B3[:MpL} ,.eWQK~ Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors <,o>Wx*1C 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 7C#`6:tI XO#/Fv! Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion C~fjWz' V 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 T134ZXqqz 8fA_p}wp Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior {{V8;y
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 |*Z$E$k: R_M?dEtE> Engagement letter ^`un'5Vk 约定书(委托书) 9T#;,{VQ DPi_O{W> 2. Planning and risk assessment X%yO5c\l2 规划和风险评估 BA\/YW @ oFOnjK"|F General principles mF` B# 一般原则 (c0A.L)
%X#zj" Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism D
N4$Jva 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 NM ]bgpP d%l{V6 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk %%(R@kh
9 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 wFG3KzEq ~ x.Q&$# Risk-based approach 74!
oe u.> 基于风险的办法 LYlDc;<A P[s8JDqu Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business o7IxJCL=Q 了解商业的实质和知识 ss;R8:5 d,Y_GCZ7|W Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud WJI[9@^I~ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 v<Bynd- t_mIOm)S% Materiality (level), tolerable error j*
~T1i 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 6e&>rq6C eQQ> Analytical procedures cuOvN"nuNj 分析程序 (O0Ur
m d)~Fmi; Planning an audit v4@Z(M 规划审计工作 sz9L8f2 ^eW}XRI Audit documentation: working papers B"%{i-v>** 审计文件:工作底稿 9"g6C<
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):r The work of others
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A)R_p 其他机构的文件 2NB L}x q^6 +!&" Rely on the work of experts V!)O6?l 依靠专家的工作 \Qm
CeB `^lYw:xA Rely on the work of internal audit m&|`x 依靠内部审计工作 2
t $ j a#c6[! 3. Internal control ?yh}/T\qp 内部控制 vTv]U5%:>% g2unV[()_ The evaluation of internal control systems c6Y\n%d& 对内部控制系统的评估 .^b;osAU znJ'iVf Tests of control fxgr`nC 控制测试
&y<ZE np~~mdmRK Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) ^iQn'++Q 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 4lZ$;:Jg xLx]_R() Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. !t i6 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 TRsE % iOG[>u0h z
$MV%F 4.Audit evidence VN%INUi@ 审计证据 ne^imht n-DVT;y Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence Ld B($4, 获取足够、适当的审计证据 `U2DkY&n }x&N^Ky3c Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations O@YTAT&d# 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 .; )l 29reG,> The audit of specific items t=xOQ8 审计的具体项目 F]9nB3:W ^Idle*+ Receivables: confirmation `c'W-O/ 应收帐款:确认 IEyL];K 1
E22R Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties }MlwC;ot 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 ]D,MiDph Ux
+Q Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation o-
o'z'9 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 lSH6>0#B k^OV56 Bank and cash: bank confirmation aH#l9kCb 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 ?-Vjha@BO _sb
p6ZO_ Auditing sampling "] \+? 审计抽样 H)(:8~c,p 77Bg
l4P 5.Review
Dr6A,3B 复核 8|$3OVS 1 `KN]Nt Subsequent events cm[c ze+* 随后发生的事件 asC_$tsMe [b$4Shx
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N'k z.}[m,oTF Going concern n6k9~ "? 持续关注 r
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Management representations t3+Py7qv 与管理层的交涉沟通 Ka`=WeJ| )Jv[xY~ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences _@R0x#p5M 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 n-TQ*&h]3S |^9BA-nA ^H6<Km
l/V 6. Reporting ?h1H.s2X 报告 7-BvFEM; 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com r$wxk 4%Rz Appendix qL94SW; 附录 sUYxT>R Audit procedure m:hY`[ f6 审计程序 5xOv Y