1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 MDGcK/$')f G5kM0vs6L Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance L!3{ASIN0 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 "z=A=~~<{ J=Ak+J Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 9K Ih}Q@P 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 />FrMz8;( 42Tjbten_u Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion ~ifq_Ag. 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 7h&$^ *;,=x< Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior ^.nvX{H8~= 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 &:S_ewJK7 %+Z0$Q
Engagement letter c<y.Y0 约定书(委托书) f8lB xK o!aKeM~|Es 2. Planning and risk assessment -EF(J 规划和风险评估 (X)$8y =yz#L@\! General principles 7I&7YhFI 一般原则 {YcVeCq+N QKwWX_3%Z] Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism qaA\.h7 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 _B8e1an I{_St8 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk A AH-Dj|&l 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ":Kn@S'{( awHfd5nRS Risk-based approach l#\z
3"b 基于风险的办法 d?v#gW
UacN'Rat Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business $Y,,e3R3 了解商业的实质和知识 [{}9"zB$x0 +LV'E#h!Q Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud #h6(DuViKw 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 = EyxM 7. G Materiality (level), tolerable error bv\V>s 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 tmRD$O%: 3${?!OC Analytical procedures _-%
ay 分析程序 p0qQ(
'uo `-Y Planning an audit ~BERs;4 规划审计工作 `RthX\Tof Jtd@8fVi Audit documentation: working papers 1.p?P]
. 审计文件:工作底稿 j /)cdP $-=aqUU The work of others "*RCV6{ 其他机构的文件 hX`WVVoF wju
~ 5 Rely on the work of experts c5;YKON 依靠专家的工作 <j ;HRm +(/XMx}a
Rely on the work of internal audit \CUxGyu 依靠内部审计工作 }ebw1G L]K*
Do 3. Internal control 6ynQCD 内部控制 $#]?\psf @T;O^rE~N The evaluation of internal control systems }td+F&l($V 对内部控制系统的评估 v0"|J3 )P|%=laE8 Tests of control :{_Or'L 控制测试 wS``Q8K+dM Ef%8+_ Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) p\+#`] Q7} 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) z6Su` `Jm{K*&8Q Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. *9j9=N? 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 "sT`Dhr *n}9_V% Qbl6~>T 4.Audit evidence i$"FUC~' 审计证据
A'[A!NL% D.*JG7;=Z Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence %(6f 获取足够、适当的审计证据 ?z:xQ*#X LaN4%[;X1- Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations "5{Yn!-: 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 M8KfC! \M>AN
Z} The audit of specific items U?$v1 || 审计的具体项目 F<V
zVEx R)<Fqa7Tm Receivables: confirmation hZ2PP ^ 应收帐款:确认 $ZcmE<7k :6HMb^4 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties {dMa&r|lp 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 pM(y?zGt 6b<t|zb Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation {E 6W]Mno 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 oC4rL\d{ ZN1QTb Bank and cash: bank confirmation Q=^}B}G 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 Ae ue:u> 1+y&n? Auditing sampling zh/+1 审计抽样 HowlJ[ km% D"^ogY#LK 5.Review
< "~k8:=4 复核 &v 5yo}s *,'"\n Subsequent events jDXmre? 随后发生的事件 K9w24Oka "Ww^?"jQ) P]6pPS L"}@>&6 b]|7{yMV Going concern ,(c="L4[ 持续关注 zcxG%? Q l@j!j]nE Management representations vm4]KEyrX 与管理层的交涉沟通 jWU)y)$ NoKYHN^*w Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences mY`b|cS3p$ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 ^'[ | 7XR[`Tn9< m|f|u3'z$ 6. Reporting )3G?5
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l Appendix *-P@|eg 附录 E&[ox[g{ Audit procedure S
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7 审计程序 c!841~p(Q