1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 4d PTrBQ? 72Y6gcg Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance nk%v|ZxoFv 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 <%S)6cw(3 rMbq_5} Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors #YE?&5t 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 |y eQz zHX\h[0f Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion qfE0J;e 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 S,AxrQc Zdqm|_R[ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior Qa )+Tv 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 Hf]:mhH ;6[6~L%K} Engagement letter ^?+[yvq 约定书(委托书) :1j8!R5 PD0&ep1h7G 2. Planning and risk assessment A%W]XEa<
规划和风险评估 >aO.a[AM 49&i];:%7% General principles BL16?&RK 一般原则 ^py=]
7[I ?0qD(cfx< Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism [-_{3qq<e 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 VbvP!<8 @NRN#~S,_] Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ?`Yu~a{ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 B\c_GX Uw y&,|+h Risk-based approach Gd%i?(U,R 基于风险的办法 v7
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P|$n Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business VRQ`-# 了解商业的实质和知识 xj>P5\mW# .b3h?R*& Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud Ul_Zn 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 `5Kg[nB: 5cIZ_# Materiality (level), tolerable error ITw *m3 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 M0fN[!*z qS/}aDk& Analytical procedures 8Re[]bE 分析程序 ^:{8z;w!( >^jBE'' Planning an audit 1Z< ^8L< 规划审计工作 k;+TN9 7s?#y=M Audit documentation: working papers <
bC'.m 审计文件:工作底稿 9m)$^U>oz );d 07\V The work of others agx8 *x 其他机构的文件 *gwlW/%Fz wG[nwt0L Rely on the work of experts eavn.I8J 依靠专家的工作 H_RfIX)X D#&9zR86F Rely on the work of internal audit Q`9c/vPU 依靠内部审计工作 6T$=(I <4 =m2_:&@0x 3. Internal control vYV!8o.I 内部控制 }g/u.@E b_~XTWP$l The evaluation of internal control systems rH`\UZ{cc 对内部控制系统的评估 &<e18L7a $M)i]ekm Tests of control c36p+6rJk= 控制测试 c1k[)O~ n>, :*5"G Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) k5Cy/gR 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) QGuqV8 y0 ^H.B6h? Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 7(+4^ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 A,_O=hA2I `#ruZM066 GfELL`yz 4.Audit evidence
ck{S 审计证据 O.B9w+G= )ovAG O Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence N4+Cg t( 获取足够、适当的审计证据 N=\zx^w, D-BT`@~l Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations (BLxK)0<" 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 / rc[HbNg. @bA5uY! The audit of specific items
d78 [(; 审计的具体项目 _l7_!Il_ L=#NUNiXr Receivables: confirmation 5FR#CQ 应收帐款:确认 &K0b3AWc GmR3
a Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties J~5V7B 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 L6_%SGY_iE 0beP7}$ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation $$m0mK 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 _A C N .3C::~: Bank and cash: bank confirmation AZQQge 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 Vr},+Rj 8+[Vo_] Auditing sampling _dm0*T ? 审计抽样 x\G% N~=I))i 5.Review
|;US)B8}*Z 复核 u"qVT9C$= \~*<[.8~ Subsequent events )=Z;H"_ 随后发生的事件 o^~ZXF} b$DiDm Br9j)1; rByth,| Z}$sY>E Going concern f/J/tt
持续关注 qhY+<S9 OCrTzz8 Management representations !-OZ/^l|O` 与管理层的交涉沟通 q2E{o)9 *gwaW!= Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 1 .+O2qB 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 L-w3A:jk <u\Hy0g >"2jCR$/ 6. Reporting zTcz+3x 报告 by>%}#M 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com C<J*C0vQO Appendix -E
|"? 附录 }eVDe(7_ Audit procedure Acw`ytV 审计程序 "?zWCH