1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 o
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance g~^{-6Vg
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 avxn }*:X.
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 5|~r{w)9
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 Hh/
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion CSX$Pk*
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 "k6IV&0
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior 1{Alj27
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 +U_-Lq )
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Engagement letter uuUVE/^V'
约定书(委托书) 2YE]?!
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2. Planning and risk assessment l5y#i7 q
规划和风险评估 fD#&: )
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General principles @;T#+!
一般原则 ~4 ~Tcn
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism J!
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持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 7 NB"oU^h%
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ^; V>}08
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 0h@%q;g
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Risk-based approach M(h H#_$
基于风险的办法 W$t}3Ru
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business hPeKQwzC0
了解商业的实质和知识 w[A3;]la
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud DN8pJa
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 V\M!]Nnxr
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Materiality (level), tolerable error i{FC1tVeL_
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 1uge>o&
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Analytical procedures *ckrn>E{h
分析程序 FTYLMQ
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Planning an audit Tvx8l
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规划审计工作 QUw5~n ;-
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Audit documentation: working papers [rQ(ae
审计文件:工作底稿 TnU$L3k
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The work of others j_WF38o
其他机构的文件 645C]l
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Rely on the work of experts 9]F&Fz/G
依靠专家的工作 3F'dT[;
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Rely on the work of internal audit ccRk4x
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依靠内部审计工作 0^lL,rC
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3. Internal control OI}HvgV^!
内部控制 Dw ;vDK
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The evaluation of internal control systems So 6cm|{
对内部控制系统的评估 W>|b98NPu
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Tests of control ,sJfMY
控制测试 K<w5[E9V.
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) (l P4D:X
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 'MQG
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. pH:|G
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 2[YD&
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4.Audit evidence fh)`kZDk
审计证据 w@
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence 5'-9?-S"
获取足够、适当的审计证据 bfI -!,
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations r~2@#gTbl
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 3L]^x9Cu)
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The audit of specific items [k=9 +0p
审计的具体项目 2y7q
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Receivables: confirmation {]Iu">*
应收帐款:确认 :::f,aCAu
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties x,c68Q)g
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 JI,hy
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation KJC9^BAr
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 L"IHyUW
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation &