1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance h-:te9p6>4
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 w>gB&59r
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors Zut"P3d=J
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 ~Wj.
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion %:]ive]e
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 `GT{=XJfY
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior lK3Z}e*eXQ
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 =ET |h}I
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Engagement letter [E|%
约定书(委托书) Tf?|*P
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2. Planning and risk assessment ;V\l,
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规划和风险评估 -|A`+1-R+
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General principles Vq<\ixRi
一般原则 6w:M_tDM
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism \$[S=&E
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 Mu]1e5^]
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk
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审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 DNl'}K1W
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Risk-based approach a$ FO5%o
基于风险的办法 `8D}\w<eI
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business GY,HEe]2r
了解商业的实质和知识 =;?afUj
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud "nEfk{ g
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 m3i+b
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Materiality (level), tolerable error
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重要性(级别),可容忍误差 #?EmC]N7
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Analytical procedures R-V4Ju[:
分析程序 UiLiy?EJ
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Planning an audit OkaNVTB
规划审计工作 >Kjl>bq
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Audit documentation: working papers soXIPf
审计文件:工作底稿 VuWBWb?0Q
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The work of others cg]>*lH
其他机构的文件 sw^4h`^'
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Rely on the work of experts Oq3]ZUVa
依靠专家的工作 ,`O.0e4pn
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Rely on the work of internal audit VHihC]ks,
依靠内部审计工作 qzt.k^'-^
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3. Internal control 2j
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内部控制 e;G}T%W
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The evaluation of internal control systems &
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对内部控制系统的评估 E6Uiw]3
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Tests of control ;*}tbh3;.
控制测试 g#/"3P
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) bs9X4n5
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) _aj,tz
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. |%l&H/
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 3yw`%$d5
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4.Audit evidence Qf#=Y j
审计证据 )~[rb<:)b
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence ;xxu ,
获取足够、适当的审计证据 > t~2
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations .Gq]Mrim9G
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 ~,O&A B
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The audit of specific items gHmy?+)
审计的具体项目 h51)kN:
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Receivables: confirmation e[l#r>NT
应收帐款:确认
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties M>_
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存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 N,ysv/zq7
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