1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 hEdo,gF* dK=D=5r, Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance sT;=7L<TA 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 o
m{n"cg BDB zc5Q( Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors a$+e8> 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 1xFhhncf xX/Qoq (}i Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion ?kT~)k 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 x~3>1Wr#M &9jUf:g J0 Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior nU">> 1!U 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 D6pEQdX`
OTy4"% Engagement letter -\sKSY5{R 约定书(委托书) E|8s2t Bv
|jo&0n 2. Planning and risk assessment Og%zf1)aZM 规划和风险评估
Poylq]F Is,*qrl : General principles V,"AG 一般原则 f|[5&,2< ( .6tz Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism 7W>}7 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ' /@!"IXz *}Ae9 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk `rOe5Zp$ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ZRVF{D??"% BZ'y}Zu*
Risk-based approach 0ghwFo 基于风险的办法 !513rNO 8Vg`;_ - Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business QdG?"Bdt2 了解商业的实质和知识 4*ty&s=5OJ e[py J. Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud w4&v( m 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ,2:L{8_L =f{Z~`3 Materiality (level), tolerable error }@Ll!, 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 BYA=M*f =tvm= Analytical procedures 2Dwt4V 分析程序 (WU~e!} D4x' Planning an audit kH(3 规划审计工作 \)6?u_(u 6I6ZVSxb Audit documentation: working papers ?eg@
7n 审计文件:工作底稿 S+\Mt+o >5z`SZf
The work of others v:;C|uE| 其他机构的文件 daokiU+l2 -QHzf&D? Rely on the work of experts a!6OE"?QQ 依靠专家的工作 W3{5Do.h -<V
F6k< Rely on the work of internal audit SUQ}^gn] 依靠内部审计工作 [4(A458H {7MgN'4 3. Internal control ]a@v)aa- 内部控制 Z#E#P<&d u[% J#S The evaluation of internal control systems '5+, lRu 对内部控制系统的评估 Jut'x
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~TmHnAz Tests of control cqU/Y_%l' 控制测试 K|' ]Hje\ 0O9
Lg} Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) XajY'+DIsz 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 7*8nUq uC$4TnoQx. Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. N`mC_) 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 j?` D\LZhf 0eu$oel- :$@zX]?M 4.Audit evidence (h(ZL9! 审计证据 kTe<1^,m ,2L,>?r6 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence Q?'W >^*J 获取足够、适当的审计证据 a*ixs'MJ }jy7,+ Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations Z-r0
D 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 o~z.7q dL Py%q The audit of specific items g&20F`.N*> 审计的具体项目 vf'jz`Z 6/[h24d Receivables: confirmation PyJblW 应收帐款:确认 )pj \b[ ZkG##Jp\> Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties J +Y|# U 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 iO#xIl< GTX&:5H\t Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation +/^q"/f F 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 91'^--N >L3p qK
Bank and cash: bank confirmation (#>5j7i8# 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 2Uw}'J_N {:!SH6 ff Auditing sampling iDe0 5f1R 审计抽样 }T(q "Vf~ (>% Vj 5.Review
l@2`f#y1~< 复核 ?q8g<-? WxI]Fcb< Subsequent events +mel0ZStS 随后发生的事件 aQ3vG08L> wH5O>4LO JQv
ZTwSI *^m.V= _25]>D$ Going concern W8/6 持续关注 V'#u_`x"D) l`G:@}P>G Management representations ^,r;/c9A8 与管理层的交涉沟通 [<yUq zm r]vBr^kq Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences %bETr"Xom
审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 0md{e`'q: w'j]Y% {
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6. Reporting n_gB#L$ 报告 x}24?mP 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com 0L-g'^nn Appendix PhL5EYn 附录 DxG'/5jQ[ Audit procedure S`-IQ,*} 审计程序 JVYYwA^.