1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 vgj^ - tWnm{mF Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance W[Bu&?h$ 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 PoJ$%_a} u7?juI#Cl Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors !9
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pX 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 $]kg_l) 2~V Im#
Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion $)Yo g]} 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 M N#C2 qz )\-";?sYky Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior s
w|:Z(` 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 +ZKhmb! :OCuxSc%5 Engagement letter Wq(l :W' 约定书(委托书) Nb~dw;t rf->mk{ 2. Planning and risk assessment M"^Vf{X^ 规划和风险评估 N-`;\ 8[)]3K x General principles 8%<`$`FyU 一般原则 LUck>l\l P]"deB| Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism ~lqGnNhh7 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 :(>9u.>l?5 iIaT1i4t. Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk Wk\@n+Q{] 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 p{q!jm~Nq z,FTsR$x Risk-based approach vQ"s 基于风险的办法 \c~{o+UD- i9eyrl+! Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business +Y)#yGUn 了解商业的实质和知识 a4(?]ND~6 zk5=Opmvh Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud <*
"pra{3 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险
ml.;wB| 4r[pMJiq Materiality (level), tolerable error MJ*]fC3/ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 -~\.n /3Nb Analytical procedures XDkS
^9 分析程序 ("E!Jyc! pAil]f6 Planning an audit *)bd1B# 规划审计工作 ;wXY3|@ ?,:#8.9 Audit documentation: working papers pSQCT 审计文件:工作底稿 ~#"7,r Qp
')5L_$ The work of others b>QM~mq3^I 其他机构的文件 =1*%>K 3X$Q, Rely on the work of experts qA/#IUi)1 依靠专家的工作 ^+.t-3|U .vN%UNu Rely on the work of internal audit 6!+X.+ 依靠内部审计工作 K)/!&{7n}a wKk
3)@il 3. Internal control }2ql?K 内部控制 -4e)N*VVu jQ_dw\
{0 The evaluation of internal control systems 1xO!w+J# 对内部控制系统的评估 ]D LZ&5pv v`S2M Tests of control |
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控制测试 aGB0-;.t7 u3Usq=Ij{ Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) LAv:+o(m/ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 7-".!M
LBmM{Gu Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. t/KcXM 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 -c+[6A>j K/vxzHSl ZT) !8 4.Audit evidence \fK47oV 审计证据 qGnPnQc x0\
e<x9s Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence ^^7L"je]g 获取足够、适当的审计证据 =Kc|C~g .[T'yc:= Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations ]<27Sw&yaG 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 4>4V-m\ W/ g|{t[ The audit of specific items D:wnO|
: 审计的具体项目 t_dcV%= Z+Yeg Receivables: confirmation
*.,"N} 应收帐款:确认 6FL?4>MZ
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties .E+OmJwD 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 -7>^
rR V I&L.;~ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation vv+TKO 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 m`hGDp3 R'6@n#: Bank and cash: bank confirmation EXA^!/) 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 )@}A
r izMYVI?0 Auditing sampling NWEhAj<w 审计抽样 (y1$MYZQ tNK^z7Dm 5.Review
>M?H79fF2s 复核 pw@`}cM= [6AHaOhR' Subsequent events m</]D WJ 随后发生的事件 Iq{o-nq w6vLNX B!eK!B -i#J[>=w{C A9
U5,mOz Going concern r0>q%eM8 持续关注 wGg0hL =0,|/1~ Management representations *kP;{Cb` 与管理层的交涉沟通 wHx}U M" R7lYu\mA Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences v@VLVf)>9^ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 Hi^
35 K[kds` Qh*)pt]n 6. Reporting (~h7rAEc 报告 dUIqD l 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com !X-9Ms}(d Appendix tl|ijR 附录 %NNj9Bl<VV Audit procedure 0; 7#ji
审计程序 w&%9IJ