1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 #+h#b%8 ?vik2RW Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance ,k@iNid 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 BP&]t1p .UN?Ak*R Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ofYZ!-V 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 YiL^KK X}QcXc.d Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion u
Vv%k5 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 ]haQ#e}WH W=HHTvK9Hh Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior |w>b0aY 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 =yJV8%pa
d?/g5[ Engagement letter 66MUrNW 约定书(委托书) AS4oz:B = 'e_9b\K 2. Planning and risk assessment 0}:Wh&g 规划和风险评估 ET*:iioP
,HNk<W General principles MQ'
=qR 一般原则 S,Qa\\~z olHmRJ Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism fC
O<-L9k$ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 NJ$Qm.S OwDwa~ Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk d7Cs a
c 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 $(yi+v
#>z !ns Risk-based approach \mt Y_O 基于风险的办法 !Ap*PL 9m"EY@- Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business }1a(*s,s-^ 了解商业的实质和知识 ( pCU:'" NUuIh
B+ Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud }4,[oD 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 #2*R0_b h>z5m Materiality (level), tolerable error J'I1NeK 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 :pvVm> OSh'b$Z Analytical procedures }_+) :<Db 分析程序 -<u_fv x%dVD Planning an audit Hr}\-$ 规划审计工作 u&f|z9 *m'&<pg]X Audit documentation: working papers XHJ/211 审计文件:工作底稿 *iSE)[W :o:/RR p[ The work of others oy=ej+: 其他机构的文件 1:{+{Yl7 J'wJe, Rely on the work of experts {XnBj}C 依靠专家的工作 TyR@3H k~QmDq Rely on the work of internal audit SE
M-t 依靠内部审计工作 !<h-2YF<M cA90FqUH 3. Internal control `0 u)/s$ 内部控制 ki?V
eFp sr<\fW The evaluation of internal control systems \MAv's4b@ 对内部控制系统的评估 MTbCL53!- qzu(4*Gk6 Tests of control +\.0Pr 控制测试 _~y-?(46K P;IM -] Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) o
RmA\R* 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 1_@vxi~aW_ #)%X0%9.*< Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. T!1XL7 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 7e)j|a-!< >5t]Zlb` =<P$mFP2* 4.Audit evidence NMN&mJsmh 审计证据 }C
JK9*Z pA\"Xe& Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence HeHo?<>|d 获取足够、适当的审计证据 $WQm"WAKe !]8QOn7 = Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations v\=k[oOu
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 $A98h-*x 8(!?y[ The audit of specific items &sJ6k/l 审计的具体项目 C&.Q|S2_ j:2*hF!E Receivables: confirmation ?]_A~_J! 应收帐款:确认 UQ
Bc$`v T4;gF6(0] Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties Ai`0Ud,M@ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 PD^Cj?wm b,#?LdQ% Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation "~08<+ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 Et&PzDvU %(r.`I$ Bank and cash: bank confirmation }l5Q0' 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 {w v{"*Q9Q MX|@x~9W Auditing sampling "OrF81 审计抽样 5RKs2eV #*"I?B/fd8 5.Review
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<2&_$| 复核 -[z1r)RZ jOxnf%jl Subsequent events aBKJd 随后发生的事件 YG#{/;^nm) fTi5Ej*/?) 4CxU
eq ]QF*\2b-I2 y# IUDnRJ Going concern g:&PjKA 持续关注 R`%O=S*] x!fRT.,} Management representations u/`
t+-A 与管理层的交涉沟通 E$4Ik.k D!V*H?;U Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences &M#}?@!C 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 4BJ w+EV8 + ;B K|([# =^w:G =ymS 6. Reporting fLuOxYQbf 报告 Htce<H-P 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com 8HDI] Appendix Shu=oweJ 附录 t28 y=nv Audit procedure U)_x(B3d/ 审计程序 LP}'upv