1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 yzK<yvN d'96$e o~ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance ?+.mP]d_ 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 /p<9C? 'etA1]<N Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors lW?}Ts~' 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 ')v,<{ 6m$X7;x} Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 5! );4+ 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 Zy+ERaF|]
p(pfJ^/:( Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior Q$ew.h 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 4"@;.C"" rhkKK_ Engagement letter
`vH|P 约定书(委托书) t[TM\j0jW ?TpjU*Cxy 2. Planning and risk assessment 6#Z]yk+p 规划和风险评估 B}TY+@ }@HgF M" General principles \H .Cmm^I 一般原则 KfjWZ4{v ^"7-`<J Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism 5)< Y3nU~ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 KNmU2-%l "9P @bA Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ~u$cX1M 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 <5G(Y#s/?
M ]047W Risk-based approach b|-)p+ba 基于风险的办法 `T*Y1@FV KyrZ&E.` Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business ufk2zL8y 了解商业的实质和知识
7V5c`:" nnn\ Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud )ItABl[{ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 L'Cd`.yVO h
F +aL Materiality (level), tolerable error bJn&Y 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 u)Kiwa }kt%dDU Analytical procedures d_we?DZ| 分析程序 'a0M.*f}G
y ]t19G+ Planning an audit WA2NjxYz 规划审计工作 >bWpj8K
v *0" ojfVn Audit documentation: working papers m
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+dr[ 审计文件:工作底稿 m4~
|z Ee MKo The work of others W#U|;@" 其他机构的文件 ?ja%*0
R k}:;`ST Rely on the work of experts OB9E30 依靠专家的工作 &ic'!h" /
TsXm-g# Rely on the work of internal audit k~AtnI 依靠内部审计工作 v76P?[
,EHLW4v 3. Internal control 0V-jOc 内部控制 b4wT3 pNd`fV#jX The evaluation of internal control systems oH17!$Fly 对内部控制系统的评估 d:iJUVpr <xSh13< Tests of control 9nVb$pf e# 控制测试 (hOD -3yK>\y=| Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) &Ih }" 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 4G:~|N.{p 3r#['UmT Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. t0fgG/f' 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 qN1fWU#$ +x{o d#+Nef5 4.Audit evidence Ps.xY;Y 审计证据 syLdm3d| EGI$=Y Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence 8y5"X"U 获取足够、适当的审计证据 a$?d_BX q !9;JrX Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations >'Lkn2WI 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 jMBMqQNU p,k1
*|j The audit of specific items '
*XIp: 审计的具体项目 OcMB)1uh\ ]e-QNI Receivables: confirmation DcFY b|p 应收帐款:确认 evZP*N~G @ NDcO,] Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties 4Ia'Yr 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 g$C]ln>"9m uQbag]&
j Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation |APOTQV 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 075IW"p' ,&3+w~Ua Bank and cash: bank confirmation E>
pr})^w 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 v+x rnz I 2AQ
G Auditing sampling >QJDO ]~V 审计抽样 k(tB+k!vH\ 2k=|p@V n~ 5.Review
c}$>UhLe 复核 a0]GQyIG y`$qcEw Subsequent events z-K};l9y 随后发生的事件 GQ?FUFuIoW 8IL
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ZM=d Going concern c{to9Lk.# 持续关注 ]U~{?K'g@j x])j]k Management representations /g*_dH)= 与管理层的交涉沟通 ~}p k^FA % + Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences K!(WcoA&2i 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 2vB,{/GXP A #SO}c Na]
Z%#~ 6. Reporting d<
XY"Y% 报告 >Giw\|:f( 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com D`Vb3aNB=L Appendix ?$;&DoE 附录 %r6_['T Audit procedure =;n>#< 审计程序 cEp/qzAiD%