1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 Ft$tL;
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance tcS7 @^'
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 N[dv
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors R4g% $}
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 .R>4'#8q
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 0hx EI
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 d<^o@
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior qHQ#^jH
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 $P%b?Y/
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Engagement letter 75t5:>"[
约定书(委托书)
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2. Planning and risk assessment
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规划和风险评估 -&\?Q_6
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General principles jZvQMW
一般原则 X$4 5<oz
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism Yhkn(k2
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ,k5b,}tN
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk H+ Y+8
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 6S2v3
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Risk-based approach DsP FBq
基于风险的办法 b!Z-HL6
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business OCVF+D :
了解商业的实质和知识 zf>r@>S!L
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud tv1Z%Mx?Cp
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 e+5]l>3)f
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Materiality (level), tolerable error tu6Q7CjW8
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 a D,(mw-7r
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Analytical procedures * -Kf
分析程序 dkRG4
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Planning an audit ]M;aVw<!
规划审计工作 s1eGItx[w
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Audit documentation: working papers \y
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审计文件:工作底稿 hh!^^emo
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The work of others Zz
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其他机构的文件 mzl %h[9iI
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Rely on the work of experts cH!w;Ub]
依靠专家的工作 /J"U`/
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Rely on the work of internal audit aBO%qmtt
依靠内部审计工作 ^&W(|R-,J&
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3. Internal control ;(0E#hGN
内部控制 3d2|vQx,K
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The evaluation of internal control systems :u7y k@
对内部控制系统的评估 |
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Tests of control >e7w!v]
控制测试 S"Dw8_y7}
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) wY`yP!xO
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) av&4:
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. Er6'Ig|U
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 :-=,([TJ
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4.Audit evidence
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审计证据 Qifjv0&;u
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence ,rB"ag !
获取足够、适当的审计证据 tnbtfG;z#
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations d5zF9;[
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 |d* K'+
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The audit of specific items ]Hp o[IF
审计的具体项目 Khbkv
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Receivables: confirmation F]hKi`@
应收帐款:确认 BTwLx-p9t
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties S?W!bkfn
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 h]rF2 B
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation QPf#y7_@u
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 X`d d"8%
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation w !N;Y0
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 lD;="b
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Auditing sampling DlkHE8r\
审计抽样 ^rI<