1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 ateUpGM QU [_DPxM=V Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance T)u4S[
& 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 :x>T}C<Y {'3D1#SK Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 2V#6q,2 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 C77D{@SM jThbeY[ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion (;o*eFC F 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 &TN2 HZ-bJ tR`S#rk Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior I{.HO<$7D} 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 3VCqp13 G^h_YjR`* Engagement letter T@+ClZi 约定书(委托书) =v2%Vs\7k eO5ktEoJ 2. Planning and risk assessment ?_4^le[; 规划和风险评估 a#(U
2OP w[fDk1H) General principles &H;8QZ8uw 一般原则 ;"7/@&M\m NXoK@Y Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism VZxTx0: , 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 2RNrIU I2 U~is-+Uq Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk swr"k6;G 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 3A0_C?E 2ChWe}f Risk-based approach R8sck)k'} 基于风险的办法 _x\m|SF_g ~
l )t|'6 Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business xEoip?O?7F 了解商业的实质和知识 T&}Ye\% t{(Mf2GR1
Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud rZC3\,W 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Lo3-X XeUprN Materiality (level), tolerable error =y;@?=T 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 Z.jCera. wa?+qiWnrl Analytical procedures az(5o 分析程序 JLUms {g=b]yg\o Planning an audit gRvJ.Q {h 规划审计工作 qpgU8f
U1\MA6pXW Audit documentation: working papers h;Mu[` 审计文件:工作底稿 &c^7O#j f)gGH'yOQ The work of others wXCyj+XB* 其他机构的文件 mTd<2Hy NhlJ3/J j Rely on the work of experts 9".Uc8^p/F 依靠专家的工作 ~I)uWo GVp Rely on the work of internal audit @,6ST0xT ( 依靠内部审计工作 Y@:3 B:m# XARSGAuw 3. Internal control i+U51t< 内部控制 vahf]2jEB M)=|<h"F The evaluation of internal control systems Q<'@V@H 对内部控制系统的评估 "'aqb~j^ .CmL7
5 Tests of control 6aSM*S) 控制测试 E!YmcpCl E3tj/4:L Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) +3?`M<L0 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) A:xb!=
2 o}!&y?mp Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. a@k.$ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ]
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4.Audit evidence W:>J864! 审计证据 y[p6y[r* z (#Xca Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence Zih
5/I 获取足够、适当的审计证据 scmto cm ,*w>z Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations yUj;4vd 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 B{4"$Mi w*2^/zh The audit of specific items o@@_J@}# 审计的具体项目 -_w~JCx _X?y,# Receivables: confirmation 9<~,n1b>x 应收帐款:确认 ZU^Q1}</5 yI *M[0 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties e18T(g_i 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 $uTlbAuv nYgx9Q"<om Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation |WUA1g 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 -MUQ\pZ |'@V<^ GR Bank and cash: bank confirmation o:f|zf>
i< 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 +}\29@{W 2}>go^#O/w Auditing sampling M +\rX1T 审计抽样 TA<hj[-8 n<+~ zQ 5.Review
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rU! 复核 V 3%Krn1' myffYK, Subsequent events >Ziy1Dp 随后发生的事件 ?Ip$;s @V7;TJk m_~y )m)h/
_ 8[f8k3g Going concern i{4'cdr? 持续关注 a?l_-Fi \(wn@/yP' Management representations X #H:&*[! 与管理层的交涉沟通 \}n !yYh( 9k*^\@\\x Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences ho(5r5SNE 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 ~ }Kp <)=3XEcb WNl&v] 6. Reporting ;}$Z
80 报告 P~n8EO1r 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com 6j?FRs Appendix r=xTs,x
x 附录 4|I7:~ Audit procedure C8!8u?k 审计程序 b"`ru~]