1. Assurance engagements and external audit
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tvKAIwe Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance BQ</g* $; 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 i+3fhV Joe_P
S Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors [%A4]QzWh 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 ]q5`YB%_ Z#l%r0(o Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion owpWz6k7 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 tMx}*l|] :wqC8&V Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior }ArpPU
:] 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 YV4#%I!< |C%Pjl^YkV Engagement letter ?'
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约定书(委托书) 1k%k`[VC eas:6Q) 2. Planning and risk assessment LK9g0_ 规划和风险评估 Z=5qX2fy1* J<gJc*Q General principles FXdD4 X) 一般原则 &ZHC-qMRK W=B"Q
qL Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism lS^(&<{ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 FbnO/! $8 nwt C:*} Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk rx"s!y{!- 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 b
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, (m[bWdANnW Risk-based approach !}+tdT(y 基于风险的办法 XZNY4/25G Y<"7x#AB! Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business YNrp
}KQ 了解商业的实质和知识 PYRd]%X 3l<S}k@M) Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud }U w&Ny 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 {yU+)t(. RE$`YCs5 Materiality (level), tolerable error ]&~]#vB# 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 FSuAjBl0- S\6[EQ65 Analytical procedures )QagS.L{z 分析程序 nfW&1a gnp~OVDqfL Planning an audit <mMTD8Sx] 规划审计工作 V}o n|A 2O"P2(1}v Audit documentation: working papers kU-t7'?4 审计文件:工作底稿 Z4$cyL'$P |]Z:&[D]i The work of others yV3^Qtb! 其他机构的文件 C${S^v E@05e Rely on the work of experts Ioy 依靠专家的工作 wv
QMnE8\ {j {+0V Rely on the work of internal audit -V"22sR] 依靠内部审计工作 <!$:8ls [OTJV pC 3. Internal control ,h\s F#| 内部控制 @;xMs8@ WnUweSdW The evaluation of internal control systems BG^C9*ZuP 对内部控制系统的评估 F["wDO &bz:K8c Tests of control Fhz*&JC# 控制测试 E Uar
/ MC((M,3L Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) '/Bidb? 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) `I$
<S(h7 ;?}l Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 8By,#T". 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 j#~Jxv%n 0yx 3OY @\oz4^ 4.Audit evidence BYW^/B Y) 审计证据 0U/K7sZ 9%ii '{ Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence Sx:Ur>?hd5 获取足够、适当的审计证据 Nfe>3uQK JxLf?ad. Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations )5JU:jNy 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 .,~(%#Wl$ dt[k\ !-v The audit of specific items L{l6Dd43q 审计的具体项目 M'`;{^< =z{JgD/ Receivables: confirmation _UE)*l m+ 应收帐款:确认 ;Z j]~| S.B<pjgt Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties #>Y'sd5'A 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 0w'j+ Z=4{Vv* Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation zL5d0_E9 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 -16K7yk 4$/i%B#ad Bank and cash: bank confirmation 2#X4G~>#h 银行存款和现金:银行的确认
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d0hhMx6$ Auditing sampling S1 _6C:^k 审计抽样 wdzOFDA ]fnnZ 5.Review
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; 复核 ,U *)2`[ [md u!!* Subsequent events PUQES(& 随后发生的事件 Fg$3N5* = 5D nR krq/7| Y\],2[liF m`4R]L] Going concern D2YZ9e
持续关注 /$n ~lf ~zm7?_"@] Management representations Md)zEj`\ 与管理层的交涉沟通 k^$+n_
=k3!RW' Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences "+KJop 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 Sj'ht= l?Y_~Wuw c8)/:xxl 6. Reporting O 2{)WWOT 报告 Z') pf 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com 9 7%0;a8 Appendix K.C>
a:J 附录 _u"nvgVz9 Audit procedure nqR?l4 DX 审计程序 }}QT HR