1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 dTwZ-% 5J1q
]^ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance - UMPt"o 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 @8jc|X<A D#pZN,' Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 2GB+st, 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 5Y W.s RhPEda2 Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion ]JUb;B;Z 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 DsI{*# @ a$HJ: Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior { yvKUTq` 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 j&qJK,~ @=0O'XM Engagement letter D{J+}*y 约定书(委托书) >JWW2< i]L4kh5 2. Planning and risk assessment =D"H0w <zw 规划和风险评估 4NN81~v 4 aV6l"A] General principles uQYBq)p| 一般原则 zq?Iwyo \B$Q%\- PX Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism -T
5$l 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 I {o\d'/ 4wa8Vw` Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 5V($|3PI 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ,M)NC%0X vA(')"DDT Risk-based approach u>cU*E4/ 基于风险的办法 EXrOP]Kl RwR.*?# Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 'h:[[D%H` 了解商业的实质和知识 u40k9vh ;44?`[oP Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud G|"`kAa 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 GkutS.2G# u3Jsu=Nx- Materiality (level), tolerable error ` s}v6 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 T5jZd@VT, s)e' }y Analytical procedures KioD/
分析程序 QvF UFawN d:x=g i! Planning an audit
w,CZ*/^ 规划审计工作 1aAYBV<3 9m:qQ1[\ Audit documentation: working papers lYz$~/sd 审计文件:工作底稿 x!<?/I)X qZ:-- ,9+ The work of others TN=MZ{L 其他机构的文件 }g? 9/)z X[XSf= Rely on the work of experts b,7@)sZ* 依靠专家的工作 4/rdr80 #&hu-gMV Rely on the work of internal audit
hgz7dF 依靠内部审计工作 [P*w$Hn 6
s+ Z 3. Internal control %mda=%Yn 内部控制 (:p&[HNuN Ux2pqPb The evaluation of internal control systems ON$^_l/c 对内部控制系统的评估 !u}} V ZA;wv+hF= Tests of control [}/\W`C 控制测试 u.}z}'- 0CYm%p8! Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) qP"<vZ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) @'K+ 9tnW:Nw~ Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. Cu%|}xq 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 LZ@4,Uj *(~=L%s iCouGd} 4.Audit evidence ya9V+/i7T_ 审计证据 h4x RRyK V0]6F Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence wHQyMq^ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 Z
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"= Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations +^c;4-X
0 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 YdgaZJs !V=s^8nj The audit of specific items az (u=} 审计的具体项目 (i,TxjS'od rZ~.tT|( Receivables: confirmation )ow|n^D($M 应收帐款:确认 Um
k9 K4vl#*qn Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties 1or4s{bmo 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 cTKj1)!z?X %} _{_Z Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation +G3&{#D
? 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 HNA/LJl[VU o)P'H"Ki Bank and cash: bank confirmation gE/O29Y 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 -vXX u;frt ,H3~mq] Auditing sampling <Gy)|qpK[ 审计抽样 @l0#C5(: C?bq7kD:H 5.Review
!\a'GO[ 复核 b7It8 r^?Q o
Subsequent events s|U=_,. 随后发生的事件 h Znq\p~ AepAlnI@ \c&%F=1+* 9PA\Eo|Yb
-<gGNj.x- Going concern ]7C=.'Y 持续关注 M
@rknq@ H|4O`I;~( Management representations VRYj&s'@ 与管理层的交涉沟通 yWa-iHWC R 2uo ZA, Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 'aQ"&GX@ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 KZ/U2.{O< vMsb@@O\ \ F:.rb
Ei 6. Reporting cn$E?&- 报告 1!"0fZh9U 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com @,D 3$P8} Appendix 33lD`4i+ 附录 Gb6t`dSzz Audit procedure }vkrWy^ 审计程序 vu[+UF\G