1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 xqzB=0 SOQR(UT Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 7hfa?Mcz 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 ^1`T_+#[s jQY
^[A Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ~0Xx]
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 },vVc
/ XMm(D!6 Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion TPWqiA?3Cp 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 "Sd2VSLg
A?Gk8 Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior YveNsn 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 X.JPM{] l8By2{pN Engagement letter 6x"|,,&MD0 约定书(委托书)
`sJv? q{RT~,% 2. Planning and risk assessment e(Ub7L# 规划和风险评估 {y==8fCJ L+TM3*a*
General principles CB>O%m[1 一般原则 gclw>((5 =\)qUs\z Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism t$5)6zG 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ?8R
LKI2R_|n Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk i-31Cxb 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 d> L*2 g ,v>|Ub, Risk-based approach :
y(HOUB 基于风险的办法 ?\Lf=[ .DZ8kKY Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business >}>cJh6 了解商业的实质和知识 ~OOD#/ =B tmi Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud cO/.(KBF 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 %XK<[BF 7;H P_oAu Materiality (level), tolerable error -'Y@yIb 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 6sl2vHzA C4
@"@kbr Analytical procedures &Un^
_M 分析程序 tCirdwmg rc)vVv Planning an audit -
]Mp<Y 规划审计工作 lv0}d 8WL*Pr
1I Audit documentation: working papers <%Afa# 审计文件:工作底稿 l?swW+x\ rH5
'+x K The work of others EJZb3 其他机构的文件 _4MT,kN =9'px3:'WR Rely on the work of experts Y"Y+U`Qt 依靠专家的工作 #\r5Q> 0@*EwI Rely on the work of internal audit 5W~-|8m 依靠内部审计工作 xlU:&=| R7-+@ 3. Internal control jbK<"T5 内部控制 8lcB.M H`X>
The evaluation of internal control systems o" ./ 对内部控制系统的评估 QR]61v:` 3#
r`e Tests of control nPo YjQi 控制测试 ? {vY3~ X6lUFk
o Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) u+/1ryp 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) H@!kgaNF [_,Gk]F= Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. b\H !\A 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ]^
"BLbDZ@ %44Z7 @-F[3`HeA 4.Audit evidence
*^b<CZd9 审计证据 q'~F6$kv5 q&N1| f7 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence ^RO_B}n3 获取足够、适当的审计证据 _/
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u Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations qD/X% `>Q 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 )/2J|LxS 9#A&Qvyywg The audit of specific items o$,Dh?l 审计的具体项目 skRI\ js<}>wD7< Receivables: confirmation ?IHa>f: 应收帐款:确认 H[KTM 'n L-\o zp Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties BPkqC >w 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 zP$Ef7bB L-v-KO6 Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation &!pG1Fp9 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 /,cyp. x%\m/_5w% Bank and cash: bank confirmation )@OKL0t 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 a="\?L5 C-6m[W8S Auditing sampling .*>pD/ 审计抽样 #(KE9h% ek3,ss3 5.Review
>u)DuZXj 复核 -<GSHckD -w#Hy>E Subsequent events vx&jI$t8 随后发生的事件 v%6mH6V 37M?m$BL jLLZZPBK e//q`?ys ?6[X=GeUs Going concern F;,LY:s|Z 持续关注 4$=ATa;x- iB=v
>8l% Management representations A_vf3 *q 与管理层的交涉沟通 }*ZOD1j V% c1+h < Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences wK[Xm'QTPJ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 4H\+vJPM 9:l@8^_o mI$3[ #+ 6. Reporting ,9:0T LLR 报告 `mfN3Q*[c 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com jdF~0#vH Appendix pd1V8PZSG 附录 O)4P)KAO< Audit procedure ~dO&e=6Hk 审计程序 2]f"(X4jp