1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 (\%J0kR3[ -FS!v^ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance e\._M$l 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 `-g$
0lm7 ? CU; Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors H<"EE15 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 ybv]wBpM: ;;N#'.xD Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 63'L58O 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 8:U0M'}u> XO5
E-Nh Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior `('NH]^ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 Pf~0JNnc ~i0>[S3' Engagement letter w{riXOjS4 约定书(委托书) >#y1(\e X([@}ren 2. Planning and risk assessment
#!> `$ 规划和风险评估 p.5 *`, ) k>=wwPy General principles G+tzp&G@ 一般原则 I5E5,{ .
|`) k Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism 4{h^
O@*g 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 .uB[zJc hVdGxT]6 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk gX(8V*os^ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 X;v{,P=J GL^
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|1 Risk-based approach EcPvE=^c 基于风险的办法 O O-Obg^ b/4gs62{k Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business lUiO | 了解商业的实质和知识 g`,(
O !lKDNQ8>[" Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ]j.!
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 z'zC *7qa]i^] Materiality (level), tolerable error 5a/3nsup5 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 {"0n^! &VxK
AQMxN Analytical procedures bBQHxH}vi 分析程序 ]0pI6" qJ$S3B Planning an audit (A;HB@)[A 规划审计工作 V3_qqz}`r nTsPX Tat Audit documentation: working papers nb@<UbabW} 审计文件:工作底稿 0.#%KfQ ,88%eX| The work of others V{{UsEVO 其他机构的文件 Koz0Xy {9hhfI#3_ Rely on the work of experts JV!}"[ 依靠专家的工作
K4^B ~0~ Q8DKU Rely on the work of internal audit gIcPKj"8${ 依靠内部审计工作 B,Jn.YX )' 2vUt`_7 3. Internal control mW)"~sA 内部控制 ~'):1}KN] qt%/0 The evaluation of internal control systems S1!_ IK$m 对内部控制系统的评估 NmN:x&/ !p)cP"fa Tests of control Z8pZm`g)T 控制测试 lqKwjJtX YC}$O2 Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) hy:K) _
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 7p18;Z+6>X $
P&27 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. H/ub=,Ej* 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 &J=x[{R .sUL5` NO#^_N`#\ 4.Audit evidence F,XJGD* 审计证据 A3 zNUad; qxD<mZ@-R0 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence taOsC!Bp 获取足够、适当的审计证据 zyI4E\ (yz8}L3 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 3*b!]^d:D 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 zdDJcdbGd1 POQ1K
O The audit of specific items t{/
EN)J 审计的具体项目 J15$P8J {c$%3iQq Receivables: confirmation @yjui 应收帐款:确认 yM34G S=,J '?!2h' Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties j!
cB 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 Eb9M;u z~a]dMs"(P Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation o=(>#iVM 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 ]9pcDZB Va'K~$d_ Bank and cash: bank confirmation VAR/" 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 %n#^#: FdJC@Y-#uA Auditing sampling RbNRBK!{ 审计抽样 :hxZ2O?5_ ^A$~8?f 5.Review
c[0$8F> 复核 ;
bDFrG 8JAT2a61ur Subsequent events l@YpgyqaL 随后发生的事件 L
jxn}):[ dUJNr_ k07) g:_ gf2w@CVF>= P6 G/J- Going concern >heih%Ar0J 持续关注 UoxF00H@! z95V 7E Management representations O"9f^y* 与管理层的交涉沟通 7+u%]D! wGQ{ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences +=@Z5eu 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 "Hjw Xl*-A|:j ;3sT>UB 6. Reporting 49Ue2=PP# 报告 A1f]HT 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com /ADxHw`k Appendix x{
*!"a> 附录 L ou4M Audit procedure y$V{yh[: 审计程序 )x|BY>