1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 37OU 1>I4=mj Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance BG>fLp 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 h$p]M^Z7 |\/`YRg> Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors *3.K; Ic; 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 sfD@lW3 /!7 Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 0m2%ucKw 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 &>nB@SQZ 2VpKG*!\ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior dC'8orFG+ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 tQR qQ ` nd/N# Engagement letter Q$Q>pV;uH 约定书(委托书) {lam],#r
}?eO.l{ 2. Planning and risk assessment M Ewa^ 规划和风险评估 %C[#:>'+
u[:-^H General principles rY?]p Mp 一般原则 0P_=Oy"l- ,xSNTOJ Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism '6g;UOx^= 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 $jkzm8{W YCPU84f Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ;AH8/M B9 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 d/"%fpp^0G 8
'>yB Risk-based approach 'zJBp 9a% 基于风险的办法 %I^schE* wI5(`_l{G Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business B~ ?R 6 了解商业的实质和知识 |*fi!nvk@ AU$<W"%R Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud "xI70c{ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 D6I-:{ws &0*7]Wo* Materiality (level), tolerable error X-
4(oE 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ;W 3#q:
.u3; Analytical procedures ge#0Q L0K 分析程序 W{$J)iQ gB_gjn\ Planning an audit zQ
xTPd 规划审计工作 gB<1;_KW m$.7) 24 Audit documentation: working papers 2tw3 =) 审计文件:工作底稿 ~0@uR P7 h^!a/ The work of others sC'PtFK8z 其他机构的文件 $RA+StF!] Od("tLIO}I Rely on the work of experts #Zg pm"MW 依靠专家的工作 r1&eA% eh G_QV'zQ Rely on the work of internal audit *b4
W+E 依靠内部审计工作 Vl^p3f[ H73 r3BH 3. Internal control ~v@.YJoZ4Z 内部控制
s?JOGu F05]6NVv The evaluation of internal control systems yHo#v:>?p 对内部控制系统的评估 v8"Zru /EW=OZ/ Tests of control C14"lB. 控制测试 \ nUJ)w lqcPV) n Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) I]z4}#+cX 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) Ofc
u4pi YJ!jdE} Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. $ghlrV;:ct 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 "sSY[6Kp! jL{k!V`s 6{w'q&LYcE 4.Audit evidence ]pWn%aGv*Y 审计证据 F AQx8P Y1;jRIOA Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence b{CS1P 获取足够、适当的审计证据 lMmP]{.>$ Nh01NY; Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations pK"iTc#\X 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 M_O) w^
' 7sU+:a The audit of specific items ^U6VJ(58P
审计的具体项目 |&MOus#v G b4p"3 Receivables: confirmation -bgj<4R$p 应收帐款:确认 V$_.&S?(Y 3F8KF`* Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties mT>RQ. 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 @dn&M9Z Elt"tJ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 5`6U:MDq 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 u}?|d8$h\ ',1[rWyc Bank and cash: bank confirmation a`D`v5G t 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 u"F{cA!B *Oq&g\K) Auditing sampling 50dx[v8 审计抽样 3U!
l8N2 5,BvT>zFY 5.Review
,b<m],p 复核 :<H4hYt2 l\TL=8u2c
Subsequent events XaaR>HljJ 随后发生的事件 g'9~T8i& ^ xS; tmc zhe~kI ey$H2zmo w^ X@PpP Going concern ctPT=i60 持续关注 y,6KU$G NOFH Management representations JH#p;7; 与管理层的交涉沟通 braI MIQ` z2jS(N?J1 Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences `*xSn+wL`_ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 )K]<\Q[ |+Xh ^E /2cn`dR, 6. Reporting +1a2Un 报告 :|-^et]a8 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com S3Fj /2Q8 Appendix {rzQ[_)EC 附录 sRQ4pnnrn Audit procedure BnG{)\s 审计程序 Q6p75$SVq