1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 b((>?=hh &':Ecmo~` Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 9Sey&x 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 NIo!WOi yg@8&;bP` Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors rp&XzMwC4 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 W(#u^,$e[ SH1S_EQ< Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion ( IXUT6| 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 \rpXG9 rv?4S`Z,x$ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior 969Y[XQ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 .QvH7 TSKT6_IJw Engagement letter K[q{)>,9 约定书(委托书) ln1!%B; S+ 3lX7 2. Planning and risk assessment Q
8H+=L: 规划和风险评估 PDgd'y M\_IQj General principles :L+%5Jq 一般原则 <9 dfbI) H`bS::JI- Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism 0$g;O5y"i 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 # 4&t09 1w!O&kn Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk H$ZLtPv5 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 gyz_$T@x 6 h%,% Risk-based approach VPr`[XPXb 基于风险的办法 $TX]*hNn wg UgNwd1 Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business BUs={"Pa 了解商业的实质和知识 jwL\|B oE Ul<:Yt&nI Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud h!mx/Hx 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 LgxsO:mi .<zN/&MXf Materiality (level), tolerable error 5AbY 59 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 nw-%!}Ot" B,fVNpqo Analytical procedures ]iYO}JuX 分析程序 7G+E+A5o& Kw7uUJR Planning an audit tbXl5x0 规划审计工作 6_L<&RmL
g {)n@Rq\=v Audit documentation: working papers tc0(G~.N 审计文件:工作底稿 /.WIED}> ?,`g h}> The work of others nX_w F`n" 其他机构的文件 z2lT4SAv+ r"9hpZH Rely on the work of experts [XhG7Ly 依靠专家的工作 6rMXv0) A<y]D.Z" Rely on the work of internal audit !l-Q.=yw 依靠内部审计工作 l@0${&n 9~J#> C0} 3. Internal control 2YQ;Kh"S
内部控制 `>- 56 %
8'ut[ The evaluation of internal control systems \1O
wZ@ 对内部控制系统的评估 ^;sE)L6 H0f] Swh0a Tests of control d%K& 控制测试 9tWpxrig% ZPG~@lU Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) t$&'mJ_-w 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) {DD #&B ;$67GK Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. <@$+uZt+ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 u2S8DuJ vScEQS$> 3a[ LM! 4.Audit evidence =$y;0]7Lwi 审计证据 ^-Rqlr,F; Ob/i_ Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence # w@FBFr@ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 }}Zg/
( xn>N/+, Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations n?>|
2> 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 /:v}Ni"6nF DX^8w?t The audit of specific items pD!j#suMA 审计的具体项目 UIkO_/} J|F!$m{ Receivables: confirmation ?OPuv5!pI 应收帐款:确认 !>N+a3
HV'M31m~q Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties e8E' X 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 F1S0C>N?5 l
cM Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation <J>k%,:B 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 :r2d%:h%2 9C8 G(r Bank and cash: bank confirmation IR{XL
\WF 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 bk1.H@8 dOK]Su Auditing sampling 2*< PmKI 审计抽样 k(M"k!M LM(r3sonb 5.Review
qnb/zr)p 复核 OrF.wcg PC\p>6xT Subsequent events ^ p7z3ng 随后发生的事件 p({Lp}'
;<*USS6X A<^X P-Nrp @r^s70{} +tlBOl$ Going concern H]W'mm 持续关注 \mTi@T!& N{}8Zh4op Management representations )w5!'W4Z8 与管理层的交涉沟通 M(yWE0 3 g<ov` bF Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences "bB0$>0, 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 Y78DYbU. upaQoX/C HRJ\H-
V 6. Reporting "%bU74> 报告 0>46ZzxUZ 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com r,3
\32[? Appendix >K&chg@Hv 附录 S_nAO\h Audit procedure NcHU) 审计程序 A^$xE6t