1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 Mw+]* F*I{?NRN1 Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 1Z`<HW" 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 YtIJJH Uyi_B.:` Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors }B0V$ 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 7 v`Y*D :5CwRg Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion "&C'K 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 {kZhje^$vi XM8C{I1 Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior y4shW|>5_ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 c]xpp;% ] |5![k<o# Engagement letter =|?w<qc 约定书(委托书) M%B]f2C 6dg[ 2. Planning and risk assessment k (
R 规划和风险评估 Qiw Zk<rb 0Y"==g+>f General principles ;J?!D x 一般原则 UGR5ILf M(/%w"R Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism |
dXS+R1 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 <y`yKXzBUV XPX{c|]>. Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk P7@qvg 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 M)3h 4yQ \8F$85g Risk-based approach qtgj"4,:` 基于风险的办法 VMtR4! :q GbZA3.J]yl Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business ^s24f?3 了解商业的实质和知识 BJlF@F# ][qZOIk@ Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud )EcF[aO 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 fT'A{&h|U R$w=+%F Materiality (level), tolerable error a2YdkdjT 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 78NAcP~6c w@oq.K Analytical procedures y8,es$ 分析程序 'l<kY\I!% c"0CHrd Planning an audit !TG"AW 规划审计工作 o.j;dsZ 0e/~H^,SQ Audit documentation: working papers ExnszFX* 审计文件:工作底稿 w|$;$a7) eL-92]]e The work of others E>7%/TIl 其他机构的文件 9`vse>,-hg s]=kD Rely on the work of experts B"{CWH O 依靠专家的工作 2f~s$I&l# /+66y=`UJ Rely on the work of internal audit cLB"<mG 依靠内部审计工作 D{G#|&; zM)o^Fn2 3. Internal control tc#
rL 内部控制
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-$ H)(Jjk-O The evaluation of internal control systems }RM?gE 对内部控制系统的评估 1M<'^(t3d 4#=^YuKaF1 Tests of control 'rd{fe_g! 控制测试 =>BT]WK> LWIU7dw Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 4$y|z{[<
5 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) u#}zNz#C5 [%bshaY: Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. Cu9,oU+N 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 \WZ00Y,* uRUysLIw 1_<'S34 4.Audit evidence EI/_=.d 审计证据 B%r)~?6DM Lx(Y= Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence !m^WtF 获取足够、适当的审计证据 v|n.AGn GL
(YC-{ Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations m~X
:KwK4 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 mEE/Olh W 3pl.<;9r The audit of specific items -<CBxyZa& 审计的具体项目 !f"@pR6 -vhgBru Receivables: confirmation Xf$,ra" 应收帐款:确认 q?\3m3
GM [j:%O|h Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties "9R3S[ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 4UG7{[!+ IWKQU/l! Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 'fZHtnmc0 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 m-ZVl j 9g "?`_ Bank and cash: bank confirmation XB^z' P{-Y 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 j>P>MdZtk @'~v~3
$S Auditing sampling z^=9
%tLJ 审计抽样 &{l?j>|TM C;STJrew 5.Review
-_A0<A . 复核 t[0gN:s Ue~M.LZb Subsequent events r=s2wjk 随后发生的事件 .}]5y4UQ. =[vT=sHz7 b+3{ bE kM@8RAxA Ns&SZO Going concern >_tn7Z0L 持续关注 e|xRK?aVBu J
Wof<D, Management representations qfG
`H#cA< 与管理层的交涉沟通 M(SH3~ +*F ;l\R Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences eX$u 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 ~?S/0]?c LXfDXXF r1$
O<3\ 6. Reporting ;R|5sCb/m 报告 D0tI 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com Q+Jzab Appendix w_4`Wsn 附录 dN;C-XF3s Audit procedure v(]\o;/O 审计程序 T[&1cth