1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 r&?i>.
Kz8 F1UTj"<e Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance l&4+v.zr 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 I-?Dil3 n%1I}?$fO Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors yCLDJ%8 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 nFY6K%[ wc.T;( Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion {#X]D~;s+ 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 8*t8F\U# NT}r6V(Aju Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior SBynu 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 3'D<'S}[ KoL3CA"N Engagement letter F1aI4H<(T 约定书(委托书) ~i ImM|*0 ap[{`u 2. Planning and risk assessment ^~Dmb2h 规划和风险评估 R x>>0%e.
{D9m>B3"{ General principles "UDV4<|^k 一般原则 I"1H]@"= nNJMQb'K Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism
x."/+/ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 H6I]GcZ$ A:-r2;xB Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ;mw$(ZK
a# 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 E=9xiS :xz,PeXo7 Risk-based approach a.O pxd 基于风险的办法 9;*-y$@ ]&mN~$+C Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business [^4)3cj7} 了解商业的实质和知识 sS5: 5i $xl>YYEBMH Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud !QTfQ69Y0 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 wQV[ZfU^h a\BV%'Zqg Materiality (level), tolerable error {+V]saYP 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 6~@S,i1 2a3RRP Analytical procedures f,_EPh> 分析程序 Z:2a_Atm 2[8C?7_K0? Planning an audit =KctAR; 规划审计工作 SL O~ f1_b``M Audit documentation: working papers c{X:0man 审计文件:工作底稿 L~PBD?l 1'G&PX The work of others wcI?. 其他机构的文件 O^+H:Y| x #Um` Rely on the work of experts
-J<{NF 依靠专家的工作 %gb4(~E+N sOY+X Rely on the work of internal audit v3ky;~ke 依靠内部审计工作 hN3*]s;/6z PS=N]e7k' 3. Internal control c :{#H9 内部控制 :
47bf<w|Y PqJB&:ZV The evaluation of internal control systems <V~B8C!) 对内部控制系统的评估 R;]z/|8 ip`oL_c Tests of control 3m#/1=@o 控制测试 J:!m49fF ,@#))2<RK Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) Yi5^#G 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) A./VO (1pR= Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. z3bRV{{YqN 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 wIbxnn y_7lSo8< R'udC} 4.Audit evidence -*<4 hFb 审计证据 I+4#LR3; u Sl&d Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence 6Kbc:wlR 获取足够、适当的审计证据 X^td`}F/=V '<JNS8h Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations x/B1\U
I 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 :"~SKJm XB.xIApmy The audit of specific items Hrk]6* 审计的具体项目 zarxv|
}$ <?&Y_ Receivables: confirmation 3tjF4C>h| 应收帐款:确认 @BfJb[A# ZR,"w Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties QH d^?H* 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 2YbI."o
b (\8~W*ej" Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation :]rb} 1nLB 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 c;13V(Djy vh/&KTe?: Bank and cash: bank confirmation cS2PrsUx 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 [qL{w&R kF@Z4MB}yr Auditing sampling Km)VOX[ZZ 审计抽样 X7g@.Oy` 2A95vC'u>| 5.Review
'nMj<:0wlD 复核 -`8pahI X 3dXRDB' Subsequent events h]>QGX[kC 随后发生的事件 %4QpDt VRs|"; #aua6V!" m}$7d5 ^cnTZzT#Q Going concern kdP*{ 持续关注 l"rX'g? -\9K'8 C Management representations 3cA'9 与管理层的交涉沟通 .}c&
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} Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences )Ggv_mc h 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 Vm*E^ v K0usBA +Zg@X.z 6. Reporting Iysp) 报告 _qO'(DKylC 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com }WV}in0 Appendix Z_h-5VU- 附录 xep8CimP' Audit procedure a_3w/9L4r 审计程序 i,B<k 0W9