1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 YQ0#j'}/ W"\~O"a Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance s$Vl">9# 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 y-<.l=
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m Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors YRZ\nun 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 7QO/; zL 7x)Pt@c Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion Okq,p=D6 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 =VC18yA
z/t|'8f Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior O9ex=m `L 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 c~0kZA6 X[
tt'5 Engagement letter fWHvVyQ. 约定书(委托书) J4bP(=w! j~v`q5X 2. Planning and risk assessment Y ^^4n$ 规划和风险评估 XkI'm\W ^'3c%&Zf3 General principles aZ@pfWwa: 一般原则 *-0s
`rC hHJiGVJ=V Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism `[H^` 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作
PMjNc_)) $;v! ,> Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk gL<n?FG4b 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ^'QO!{7f J[lC$X[ Risk-based approach $dfc@Fn^x 基于风险的办法 'LgRdtO6 bBIh}aDN Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business N+&uR!:.C 了解商业的实质和知识 z'l$;9(y {-A|f Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud CR4O#f8\ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 FJ_JaIby P2n8H Fi Materiality (level), tolerable error [?K>s>it 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ^0]0ss;##R sx?IIFF Analytical procedures 0
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JxV 分析程序 8eqTA8$? #j2kT Planning an audit ^4=#,K 规划审计工作 Q/o,2R Pe`mZCd^ Audit documentation: working papers aM5]cc% 审计文件:工作底稿 /2Izj/Q kf@JEcKV The work of others ?:r?K|Ku 其他机构的文件 KV0*dB; L<FXtBJ Rely on the work of experts $+j1^ 依靠专家的工作 "B'c;0@q U["0B8 Rely on the work of internal audit uV:R3#^ 依靠内部审计工作 |z)s9B;:#i }
=OE.cf@ 3. Internal control kN=&" 内部控制 YR'F]FI @}y. The evaluation of internal control systems Kq[4I[+R 对内部控制系统的评估 q,Gymh; fkI 5~Y| Tests of control J~%43!X\K 控制测试 '0
Cp 3ijPm<wn Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) Q6m8N 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 4iA F<|6s bK:U:vpYm Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 9a*#r;R 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 5L3+KkX@ }y6)d. *2
Pr1U 4.Audit evidence oU|G74e6 审计证据 t7by OMC i q`}c
|c Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence &
tH?m;V 获取足够、适当的审计证据 PC9,;T&7_ xM%4/QE+ Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations qfsPX6] 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 MtkU]XKGT vAX ( 3 The audit of specific items ]5'$EAsuW 审计的具体项目 Z3]I^i
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Bs*~ Receivables: confirmation ZVgfrvZP 应收帐款:确认 -,
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NKp Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties AW5iwq6p 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 %o8o~B|{.U &_L%wV|[ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation JmCMFqB9 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 {R_>KE1 mG
S4W; Bank and cash: bank confirmation ]FCP
|Jz 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 g-qXS]y7 @` KYgjjH Auditing sampling lp}S'^ y 审计抽样 Q]9$dr=Kk0 o-6d$c}{f 5.Review
ZA="Dac 复核 zamMlmls^ -PV1x1| Subsequent events D|q~n)TW5 随后发生的事件 C
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W| JY (fpz",[ os 5$( Going concern _V$'nz#>e 持续关注 7Bj,{9^aJ WJq>%<# Management representations vK!`#W`X 与管理层的交涉沟通 2u$-(JfoS j !*,( Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences =\6)B{#T 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 F;Q,cg M LSta]81B4L v_XN).f; 6. Reporting -+E.I*st 报告 >W> rhxU 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com YF{MXK} Appendix [e><^R*u 附录 G!j 9D Audit procedure ox&5}&\ 审计程序 'OnfU{Ai