1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 uS,XQy2 }O7b&G:nW Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance h oL"K 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 pz@wbu=($4 kc&MO`2 W\ Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors sT|FgB 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 j_2yTz"G- A5LTgGzaW Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion R#i{eE*WF 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 ,"Nfo`7 5 U{}A\q Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior #:n:3]t 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 c$[cDf~ \gjYh2> Engagement letter V:vYS 约定书(委托书) D4fHNk)kZ ^saH^kg1" 2. Planning and risk assessment 9EqU
2~ 规划和风险评估 {[%kn rRJ Q(J6;s#b General principles pN
^^U[ 一般原则 TUV&9wKXo P,/=c(5\} Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism XFU['BI 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 _9Zwg+oO[ 0j)D[K Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk C0$KpUB 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 @3F 4Lg6H| >
R5<D'cEN Risk-based approach _:0 基于风险的办法 2,,t+8"` 4)XZ'~| Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business Y={_o!9 了解商业的实质和知识 g*nh8 Dy[_Ix/Y, Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud g~i%*u,Y< 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Vo2{aK; eJ3w}"?9s Materiality (level), tolerable error '*6S0zt 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 9n
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6] A=S_5y Analytical procedures );zLy?n 分析程序 [aF^ D;o :t36]NM Planning an audit Fuuy_+p@G 规划审计工作 mrgieb% 1>BY:xZr Audit documentation: working papers Ki DL]2 审计文件:工作底稿 gISG<!+X^ XpH]CF The work of others muc>4!Q 其他机构的文件 Pl}> cn~M:LW23 Rely on the work of experts Tz
Jp3 依靠专家的工作 '8$*gIQ8 >*A"tk#oR Rely on the work of internal audit 5A~lu4-q 依靠内部审计工作 y)B>g/Hoh };z[x2l^ 3. Internal control X_6h8n}i 内部控制 - 9Ll'fbq hrRkam !y The evaluation of internal control systems X?'v FC 对内部控制系统的评估 kDz!v?Z2+B t%`GXJb Tests of control xKl!{A9$w 控制测试 y]5c!N %8 I}&`IUP Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) ^s_BY+# 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) {O4y Y=G Sas&P:#r Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. tS2Orzc>, 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 U{+<c [ 9F
&s9(=\ 1I{^]]qw 4.Audit evidence Z+qTMm 审计证据 U0PQ[Y#\ (H\)BS7#R Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence n%M-L[n
获取足够、适当的审计证据 Aw3
8Tw _.ny<r:g Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations =Qa*-* 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 ]CFh0N|(L <)vjoRv The audit of specific items Z uh!{_x; 审计的具体项目 U
Y)e6 Zd ? ^EB"{ Receivables: confirmation &K1\" 应收帐款:确认 1Rr
l59}5 /ynvQ1#uA Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties u9.x31^ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 zi-;7lT jP
]I>Tq Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation X/5\L.g2 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 %(c5T)B9 *5\k1-$ Bank and cash: bank confirmation rW~hFSrV[o 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 $[p<}o/6v] 9q#
#) Auditing sampling px!TRbf 审计抽样 FXHcy:)}G 4!Cu>8B 5.Review
J^Dkx"1GD 复核 m_
|:tU(t J73B$0FP Subsequent events %
|6t\[gn 随后发生的事件 _;;'/rs
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+4YA Going concern `30og]F0YJ 持续关注 rj.]M6# <$f7&6B Management representations IEx`W;V]K 与管理层的交涉沟通 (-RZ|VdYg jkPye{j Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences .=j]PckJO 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 B{#*PAK= '^TQ Ubw Hcp)Q76X 6. Reporting P4M*vZq) 报告 ( 1 L9K; 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com (BB&ZUdyv Appendix r[>=iim 附录 {Hv/|.),hu Audit procedure *1}UK9X; 审计程序 *u2pk>y)