1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 p;%<mUI
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance &]iKriG
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 ;BBpN`T
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 5Op_*N{V
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 V#^yX%
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion geGeZ5+B
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 7z'ha?
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior ?L|yaC~
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 U Cb02h
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Engagement letter >D_F!_
约定书(委托书) Pil;/t)"
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2. Planning and risk assessment ! OE*z $\
规划和风险评估 X")|Uw8Kl/
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General principles !j^&gRH
一般原则 6|=j+rScv
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism Zb(t3I>n
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 , =y#m-9
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk dM]#WBOPy
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 :.nRN`e
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Risk-based approach @d&H]5
基于风险的办法 vsMmCd)7U
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business
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了解商业的实质和知识 \l,rpVv5m
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud xJhU<q~
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评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 3W&S.$l
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Materiality (level), tolerable error iRw&49
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 R7_VXvm>z
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Analytical procedures q|dH~BK
分析程序 `_qK&&s
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Planning an audit -5Utlos
规划审计工作 K*vU5S
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Audit documentation: working papers \N6\v5vh
审计文件:工作底稿
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The work of others lU.Kc
其他机构的文件 Mi0sC24b|
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Rely on the work of experts H^AE|U*-G
依靠专家的工作 Vfs$VY2.
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Rely on the work of internal audit B3
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依靠内部审计工作 ;L"!I3dM)
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3. Internal control )K
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内部控制 qx)?buAij
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The evaluation of internal control systems PLR0#).n
对内部控制系统的评估 P3o@g kXP
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Tests of control Xu} U{x>
控制测试 =$^MQ\S0p
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) eSy(~Y
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) wEEn?
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 77,oPLSn
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 !@L=;1,
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4.Audit evidence ukAKFc^)k
审计证据 1{PG>W
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence D$r
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获取足够、适当的审计证据 5<+K?uhm
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations p]gT&[iJ
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 {6,|IGAq
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The audit of specific items 93Yn`Av;
审计的具体项目 ZFn(x*L
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Receivables: confirmation QwWW!8
应收帐款:确认 F:g= i}7
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties xyeA2Y
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 lxb zHlX
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation nWYCh7
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 +]wuJSxc
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation jgu*Y{oc
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银行存款和现金:银行的确认 QWO]`q`|
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Auditing sampling IApT'QNM
审计抽样 Frm;Ej3?$
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5.Review \OwpD,'
复核 }VCI=?-
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Subsequent events vZAv_8S)
随后发生的事件
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Going concern 0D&> Gyc*0
持续关注 |Ul,6K@f"5
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Management representations J%rP$O$
与管理层的交涉沟通 zqySm)o]
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Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences Kuw^qX"
审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 PGn);Baq
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6. Reporting S;\R!%t_
报告 +Wn&