1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 Q$XNs%7w5, ngI3.v/R Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance +\/1V` 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 `y0u(m5 n1J;)VyR Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors {Ne5*HFV 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 i4s_:%+ Gw1Rp Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion $3c9iVK~_ 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 q\]"}M8 2vh@KnNU Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior y 13Y,cz~B 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 @:%p#$V -lqsFa
W Engagement letter ])t
UXU> 约定书(委托书) On*pI37(\ }eq*dr1` 2. Planning and risk assessment YQ$EN>.eO 规划和风险评估 XS
oHh- -J'0qN! General principles S\"#E:A 一般原则 J@l QzRqRb .4O~a Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism Yx3ivjX.> 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 f@7HVv& hy|Yy&
- Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk s9aa _Th 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 Ygs:Ox"[-G \qZ>WCp>r Risk-based approach y)*W!]:7^> 基于风险的办法 KJ#S
E| 7,7-E&d Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business rm?C_ 了解商业的实质和知识 -|g9__|@ k;V (rf` Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ] =*G[ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 qLWM,[Og GJ Takhj3 Materiality (level), tolerable error [M/0
Qx[, 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 X`JoXNqm
k(ho? Analytical procedures /hp
[ +K 分析程序 ,Z$!:U s8V:;$ ! Planning an audit OuMj%I 规划审计工作 [MXyOE ,
,=VF(@G Audit documentation: working papers Ou7nk:I@ 审计文件:工作底稿 >QSlH]M
C'.^2s#e8 The work of others *)D
$w_06S 其他机构的文件 Jt(
RF*i Iq@&?,W Rely on the work of experts )o`[wq 依靠专家的工作 f)1*%zg% m(KBg'kQ Rely on the work of internal audit DI0Wk^ m 依靠内部审计工作 6`WI
S4 +F]=Z 3. Internal control MREB 内部控制 q#PMQR"C
Xf{ht%b The evaluation of internal control systems Nh[H[1"J 对内部控制系统的评估 ~c`%k>$
L};P*{q2Z Tests of control I_5[-9 控制测试 @~&1
! PS$
g*x Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) hV}C.- 6h 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) h@CP w
njAiIE5 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. WP5Vev9*+ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 k2/t~|
5 45Lzq6 js;k,` 4.Audit evidence +:3s f%0 审计证据 SZD7"m4 _sAcvKH Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence $CDRIn50 获取足够、适当的审计证据 p0Pmmp7r
G *
=>
Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations M'nzoRk 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 wGgeK,*_ nQ@<[KNd The audit of specific items Yy0U2N[i 审计的具体项目 c)Ne/E{!0 !.{"Ttn;s Receivables: confirmation zNM*xPgS 应收帐款:确认 d)kOW!5\ 6 apK Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties &2r[4 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 A"/|h]. pfQ3Y$z Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation vLpIVNA]]Y 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 Q})&c.L M44$E4a20 Bank and cash: bank confirmation !NMiWG4R 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 K0|:+s@u %-<6Z9otc Auditing sampling xoQ(GrBY 审计抽样 LKgo(&mY {7Hc00FM 5.Review
C8%MKNPd 复核 %awr3h>$ iL|5}x5\ Subsequent events ?Kg_bvoR 随后发生的事件 Q_`EKz;N{ e4FR)d0x Y
B.@zL0.( U$WGe >, 8WpZ" Going concern @M6F?; 持续关注 =1\mLI}@ 8x-(7[#e<g Management representations [U:
P&) 与管理层的交涉沟通 R`M@;9I.@ y?Pw6;e. Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences W4(GI]`_+ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 :Sn4Pg
`Q 9W&nAr wQ8<%qi"L 6. Reporting ji<(}d~L* 报告 7bQST0 ? 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com P1R[M|Fx Appendix
`A<2wd; 附录 ,[<$X{9 Audit procedure zm3$)*p1 审计程序 +Jm[IN