1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 f9cS^v_: 7v}4 Pl,$4 Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance .Kv>*__-Q 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 #r `hK) ?"$W=*P\o Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ?C(Z\"IX 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 |xG|HJm, GrGgR7eC#P Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion ]F r+cP 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 1M7=*w,
;_R;P;< Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior ,--/oP 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 URck#5 L}ud+Wfox Engagement letter Q*+@"tk< 约定书(委托书) IJ3[6>/M0 >G92k76G 2. Planning and risk assessment 5YUn{qtD 规划和风险评估 #m1e_[ R XkE"H{ General principles /7De.O~H 一般原则 MeW8aLr ;Z:z'';Lm Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism v)N8vFdd 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 [-bL>8 W78Z<Vm Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk :Qh5ZO&G0 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 x2ln$dSy7 XL_X0(AKf Risk-based approach &STgj|t_ 基于风险的办法 u`$,S&Er 0PE $n Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 1wmS? 了解商业的实质和知识 zkYlIUD P1]ucu_y, Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud \K9XG/XIx 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 L;I.6<K.
J)Dw` =O0n Materiality (level), tolerable error ?|Fu^eR%X 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 zh2$U
dZ|M 7qt<CLJ Analytical procedures 5F+5J)h
分析程序 r.**
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2vM Planning an audit T9jp* 规划审计工作 MI0'ou8l w~afQA> Audit documentation: working papers T5)Xl 'Q 审计文件:工作底稿 38b%km# S&}7jRH1 The work of others f/H rO6~k% 其他机构的文件 ,WR$xi.j ~;_]U[eOL Rely on the work of experts ^*"&e\+p 依靠专家的工作 L^yQb4$&M FVMR9~&+ Rely on the work of internal audit +2O('}t 依靠内部审计工作 ZZA!Y9ia2 \v44 Vmfz 3. Internal control \O
/" F; 内部控制 iaQ[}'6!$ AT}}RE@vq The evaluation of internal control systems TDBWYppM 对内部控制系统的评估 (l{+T# F8Z<JcOI Tests of control ~mOGNf?f 控制测试 A9qCaq{ 91r9RG> Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) iN8?~T}w 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) Q2cF++Q1 bIT OA
Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. JiEcPii 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 #B8`qFpQC T#6'] D DalQ. 4.Audit evidence m8n!<_NFt( 审计证据 FXV=D_G} $SSE\+|3 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence >"jV8%!sM 获取足够、适当的审计证据 gn1`ZYg .3?'+KZ, Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 0aQtJ0e16 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 F')T:;,s V9-pY/v9 The audit of specific items `)\_ 审计的具体项目 $_k'!/5
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#,> Receivables: confirmation ;_amgRP7$ 应收帐款:确认 UBOCd[ \ 3n{%\_ Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties leiED' 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 I{<6GIU+ /O|!Sg{ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation C, n]9 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 RKdf1C auAST;"Z8 Bank and cash: bank confirmation (9';zw
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 Jme}{!3m +cvz Auditing sampling V[wEn9
审计抽样 jz't!wj <
Xm5re. 5.Review
9<kKno 复核 4U<'3~RN }U7>_b2 Subsequent events aw/Y# 随后发生的事件 "M
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6T< ~mn ZB:Fjq ($E(^p% O Going concern w4'(Y,(` 持续关注 -le:0NUwI ^8.R 'Yq Management representations $}TqBBe 与管理层的交涉沟通 }1TfKS]m> w!:u| Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences nf,>l0,,' 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 $^I uE0. reM%GU nuw90=qj!] 6. Reporting /AJ^wY 报告
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Z ?<&x Appendix cmt3ceCb 附录 9V?MJZ@aG Audit procedure m{mK;D
审计程序 si=/=h