1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 @a.Y9;O &dSw[C#f Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance ailje 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 am
I$0 M4a-+T" Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors #UREFwSL 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 [0GM!3YJ7 /*GRE#7S Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion H~~I6D{8 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 \6B,\l]$t@ SU, t,i Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior Meh?FW||5 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 Vy
= fm X-di^%< Engagement letter XezO_V 约定书(委托书) mY9u/;dK t`
{^gt 2. Planning and risk assessment J.x>*3<l 规划和风险评估 S EY 2aUz.k8o General principles ?U0iHg{ 一般原则 ;??wLNdf- /p')
u3 Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism t#|E.G:= 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 !x. ^ya "r0z(j Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ~B%EvG7:n 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 )@Yp;=l JbYv < Risk-based approach `4s5yNUi= 基于风险的办法 /2oTqEqaV Yt*M|0bL Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 9frx 60 了解商业的实质和知识 0_bt*.wI+ GK}?*Lfs Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud xM%E; 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 {Ny\9r #&">x7?5 Materiality (level), tolerable error A"Rzn1/ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 EU, 4qO @1P1n8mH] Analytical procedures mM~!68lR 分析程序 *Kt7"J 32:,g4!~6 Planning an audit S6H=(l58 规划审计工作 !?tWWU%P) |aN0|O2 Audit documentation: working papers kETA3(h' 审计文件:工作底稿 h`%K\C L&ws[8- The work of others ]^gD@]. 其他机构的文件 P<kTjG &tZ?%sr Rely on the work of experts 6K P!o 依靠专家的工作 1L'[DKb' ?9X#{p>q Rely on the work of internal audit xpyb&A 依靠内部审计工作 *6*#"#D [RD ^@~x 3. Internal control GMU<$x8o 内部控制 (W+9 u0Zq G"MpA[a_ The evaluation of internal control systems 0s0
[U 对内部控制系统的评估 Yx&c
nDx vFb{(gIJ Tests of control T-&CAD3 ,O 控制测试 sNvT0 RY
E::[O7 Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) OJ UM Y<5 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) j %TYyL- U`6QD}c"s Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. Dr`\ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 =(v!pEF '! 1ts @ dGIu0\J\$ 4.Audit evidence 8tA.d.8 审计证据 c7s4 g- |@nvg>mu Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence @+1E|4L1vf 获取足够、适当的审计证据 )[oU|!@ 8kJ k5 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 1>%SSQ 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 K-
}k-S 3!Qt_, The audit of specific items `8FC&%X_ 审计的具体项目 )SA$hwR 8.pz?{**T Receivables: confirmation +8^9:w0} 应收帐款:确认 |B` -chK hQL9 Zl~ Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties %\~;I73 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 +crAkb}i }0 <x4|= Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation A^ ,(Vyd 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 Z$zUy|s[ ,xD{A}}
V Bank and cash: bank confirmation l7s=b4}c 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 !-.-!hBN X3W)c&Pr Auditing sampling h*MR5qa 审计抽样 VdeK~#k OM4s.BLY 5.Review
/kw4":{] 复核 Dx <IS^>i w|L~+
Subsequent events ZC2C`S\xr 随后发生的事件 :ZL>JVk l*v([@A\ ,6M-xSDs %+I(S`}
#Ejly2C, Going concern vhL&az 持续关注 NPoXz ]Rj"/(X, Management representations \Flq8S /t^ 与管理层的交涉沟通 (Wx )YI JG(
< Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 8fe"#^"s R 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 (|[3/_!;v pM46I" '|d (<.[ 6. Reporting O"#`i{^?2 报告 .\d0lJSr 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com '^/E2+ Appendix b]JN23IS2 附录 P);Xke
Audit procedure
mefmoZ 审计程序 8m1zL[.8g