1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 O|UxFnB} p`GWhI? Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance Zu=kT}aGg 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 feCqbWq: >I-g[* Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors /{DaPqRa 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 bag&BHw 0VIZ=-e Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion Bn-J_-%M 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 ny`(f,)u* J v<$*TVS0 Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior d~<QAh#rG 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为
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' $WNG07]tU Engagement letter sPpS~wk* 约定书(委托书) n4>cERfa A7(M,4`6 2. Planning and risk assessment qG^_c;l6a 规划和风险评估 ,xj3w#`zaf OMd# ^z General principles k ZK//YN# 一般原则 DVzssPg x(vai1CrdH Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism s$3`X(Pn 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 U"B.:C2 RH=$h! 5 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ss;
5C:*y 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 &
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0dh#/ Risk-based approach fqX~xp 基于风险的办法 Bhx<g&|j gV.f*E1C Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business hBoP=X.~ 了解商业的实质和知识 ,|iy1yg( /p}{#DLB Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud j=Q$K#sBt 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 `A"Q3sf% `x4E;Wjv Materiality (level), tolerable error RnSm]}?
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 cdN/Qy !^1[ s@1 Analytical procedures ,$BgR2^ 分析程序 yXXvs'$R \ >3+FZ@.iT Planning an audit QxA0I+
i 规划审计工作 '&)D>@g &_YtY47 Audit documentation: working papers |f3U%2@ 审计文件:工作底稿 u/#&0_
P 4$F:NW,v:) The work of others +]_nbWL(% 其他机构的文件 ~xE=mg4le "SLvUzO>q Rely on the work of experts 0IpST 依靠专家的工作 +.wT
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L3UlL Rely on the work of internal audit ]xI?,('_m 依靠内部审计工作 $kIo4$.Y$ HrDTn&/ 3. Internal control <g*.p@o 内部控制 Fj,(_^ H):-!?: The evaluation of internal control systems &:q[-K@! 对内部控制系统的评估 ;n`
$+g:> FXeV6zfrE Tests of control -$OD }5ku# 控制测试 +!Q!m 3/I Gxo#
! Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) VOg/VGJ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) KCl &H XL&hs+Y Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. zdqnL^wb 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ]u;GNz}? Et)920 T6,V 4.Audit evidence .B6`OX&k 审计证据 Tt`L(oF v&e-`.xR Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence yV8- 获取足够、适当的审计证据 kAY@^vi db<q-u Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations g%X &f_@ 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 ([[)Ub$U g>UBZA4 The audit of specific items 'N*!>mZ<
审计的具体项目 9^(HXH_f >1m)%zt Receivables: confirmation )-)ss"\+Ju 应收帐款:确认 U)
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Tbm P$6W`^DZ Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties @l)\?IEF@f 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 N
P$e-" 1 W^003*m~~K Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 3Ca
\`m)l 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 L7s>su|c( A S`2=w Bank and cash: bank confirmation 4=~ 9v 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 Akv(} !g )\0Ug7]? Auditing sampling j p! 审计抽样 nt drXg /3OC7!~;fM 5.Review
D~5yj&&T; 复核 ]cn/(U` Tt{U"EFO Subsequent events &fCP2]hj' 随后发生的事件 3%_
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eas W\&WS"=~ 1RCXc>}/ Going concern
T"n>h 持续关注 y>>vGU; g8LT7 Management representations &/sGh0 与管理层的交涉沟通 i/5y^
P#w}3^ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences &7$,
<9. 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 Y0 @'za^y c9\B[@-q l#X=]xQf 6. Reporting kX@bv"i 报告 {9h`$e= 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com |P^]@om Appendix <Gn8B^~$ 附录 a];BW)
Audit procedure _= o1?R 审计程序 n33JTqX