1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 6fkL@It 8eLNKgc Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance W?6RUyMC$T 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 VF[]E0=u6 9$)4C| Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors wz:w R+ 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 M4DRG%21 xNm<` Y? Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion yq&]>ox 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 .@[+05Yw lI&0
V5 Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior vWj|[| <rX 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 IHB{US1G _N*4 3O` Engagement letter M)|}
Vn;! 约定书(委托书) ap=M$9L' X1" `0r3 2. Planning and risk assessment 9D
0ujup 规划和风险评估 T?% F {v2Q7ZO- General principles !5{t1 oJ 一般原则 0}w>8L7i{ .e]!i(5I Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism [!DLT6Qk 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 5HJ6[.HO 2I#fwsb Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ^WUF3Q**OU 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 Bj\0RmVa1
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] Risk-based approach FTk!Mn88 基于风险的办法 <0lfkeD .Cm wR$u& Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business JEBx|U$'Y 了解商业的实质和知识 Uh&MoIBs# 0iHK1Pt} Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud O'j;"l~H| 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 MMcHzRF H!
vvdp?Z Materiality (level), tolerable error r,0> 40^ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 *t*yozN }_Jai4O Analytical procedures }rOO[,?Y 分析程序 ! .!qJ% Z*` CK^^~ Planning an audit !d"J,. ) 规划审计工作 P$w0.XZa w3B*%x) Audit documentation: working papers iD{;!dUZ 审计文件:工作底稿 UT>\u ?hmj0i;XC The work of others YSeXCJ:Iy 其他机构的文件 V!~uGf $~U_VQIA^ Rely on the work of experts Z7Mc.[C 依靠专家的工作 N/^r9Nu )eUb@Eu Rely on the work of internal audit xe%+Yb] 依靠内部审计工作 wUl}x)xo L2Mcs 3. Internal control 8=<d2u' 内部控制 0
oM~e 3hb1^HNT The evaluation of internal control systems gLu#M:4N 对内部控制系统的评估 m&o&XVC 8l)^#"ySA Tests of control q.rn ZU 控制测试 8m-ryr) m"jqHGFV Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) ~6
{;3"^< 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 1p`XK";g d}IVYI Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. %6*xnB? 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 Z7OWpujCvN OTa
lR;:]r /Nb&e 4.Audit evidence orEwP/L: 审计证据 RqH"+/wR K4A=lD+ Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence =V%s^ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 !.x(lOqf "(T@*"vX2 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations fWF\V[ 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 P ,5P6Y9 /GfC/)1_ The audit of specific items ~#@sZ0/< 审计的具体项目 1R1J/Z*V/ Z2hRTJJ[A Receivables: confirmation (<2PhJ| 应收帐款:确认 wnhac} S}ZM;M Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties e9"<.:& 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 StaX~J6= s+o/:rrxY Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation D|6prC%/ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 1JJ
Q(b ZuILDevMD Bank and cash: bank confirmation d];E99} 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 :] {+3A EKq9m=Ua@o Auditing sampling uiM*!ge 审计抽样 M}3>5*!= !<@k\~9^D 5.Review
="<+^$7:k 复核 Gl`Yyw@84 ;R 'OdQ$o Subsequent events j<wWPv 随后发生的事件 H2|& M|6
W<y ep>S$a*| |jF)~k6 mgh,)=2cE( Going concern [6)`w
i 持续关注 w/E4wp }4 5| Management representations bgL`FW i3 与管理层的交涉沟通 z(K[i?& ]X;Ty\UD& Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences Cddw\|'3 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 Y)g<> }F 8cF-kfbfZ asmMl9)(` 6. Reporting "JKrbgN@;L 报告 ld$LG6[PA 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com c_vj't Appendix HE7JQP!q 附录 a[[u>oHyd Audit procedure aKkQXq* 审计程序 HG5|h[4Gt