1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 o[8Y %3 B8C"i%8V) Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance #V~r@, 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 I
p<STz]- < FN[{YsA Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors `Y$LXF~,Om 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职
LqU]&AAh ;pC-0m0Y Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion F
lbL`@4M 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 B"8^5#t4s 'n.ATV, Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior 3Vt-]DGX 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 dGHRHX
i *6=[Hmygi Engagement letter 2MJ0[9 约定书(委托书) ]D<r5P% 4Tq%V|5"& 2. Planning and risk assessment m]&d TZV 规划和风险评估 (bZ)pW/iw rTK/WZ
s8 General principles V4xZC\)Gk 一般原则 f}
#pKsX. 5 {'%trDEy Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism }CQ GvH 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 k>2 xm %tmK6cY4Y Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk PcJ,Y\"[ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 $ V}s3 &9TG&~(+ Risk-based approach GHH1jJ_[7 基于风险的办法 I~#'76L[ Elm/T]6 Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business hPhN7E03 了解商业的实质和知识 du`],/ 6 ~
]o .Mv a Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud <.RgMPi 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 JCS$Tm6y<_ 8 =J6{{E Materiality (level), tolerable error pbju;h)O!| 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 .Ml}cE$L
\6nWt6M Analytical procedures id GM%Faur 分析程序 `O0v2?/f0 =yvyd0|35 Planning an audit TRX; m|
规划审计工作 ;M\H#%G. Q9?/)&3Bu Audit documentation: working papers S'2B
审计文件:工作底稿 Tz
erAX^ [u/g =^+u The work of others PNc^)|4^Q 其他机构的文件 E^Q|v45d Hza{"I*^ Rely on the work of experts \q%li
) 依靠专家的工作 ^;Ap-2Ww \jZvP`.2 Rely on the work of internal audit [%z~0\lu8 依靠内部审计工作 `<C)oF\~f uppA`> 3. Internal control LlX 7g_! 内部控制 F8>Fp" ?$
o9/9w The evaluation of internal control systems [2.pZB 对内部控制系统的评估 ~kw[Aw3?D\ (fb&5=Wzw Tests of control (&+
~hW5d 控制测试 ;
lnh;0B ImyB4welo Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) ~h tV*R 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) om9fg66
v-_K'm Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. jK3% \`o 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 q_']i6 W UDQb5k )m
\}ITf 4.Audit evidence >*B/Wy 审计证据 ;40!2P8t #Ubzh`v Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence uF
L~^vz 获取足够、适当的审计证据 _`*x} &*/8Ojv)9 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations mEr
*n 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 L:%;
Fx2 fQ'P2$ The audit of specific items *5.s@L( VU 审计的具体项目 eHm! ?4(uwXp Receivables: confirmation R0,
Q` 应收帐款:确认 b.Z K1 KP -g<Zc Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties # ]&=]K1V 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 T/dchWG Qte=<Z) Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation d&PXJ
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 /`?i&\C3r OjJKloy' Bank and cash: bank confirmation ?)'j;1_=E3 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 I[WW1P5 W9t%:wF Auditing sampling &5)Kg%r 审计抽样 "Z#97Jc+J Fpzps!(;= 5.Review
z2A7:[ 复核 218ZUg -a n*{e0,
gp` Subsequent events '9H7I! L@ 随后发生的事件 =YE"6
iU -r_z,h| 4%aODr8 fXS4&XU xT#j-T Going concern "=MRzSke3 持续关注 -A[iTI" i:ZpAo+Z{ Management representations ?9i
7w1` 与管理层的交涉沟通 4Fgy<^94` mrS:||,_ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences Vdjf
F&q 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 K%Vl:2#F S/"-x{Gc2v ahU\(= 6. Reporting L*6Tz'Qp 报告 r
2]:'O6 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com D"El6<3)h Appendix ;sT7c1X^! 附录 MR:Co4( Audit procedure V)^nVD)e 审计程序 Q
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