1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 I$xfCu mj=$[y( Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance Yf&x]<rkCp 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 >i7zV`eK &:`T!n Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors o7S,W?;=5
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 KywDp 37^ zRN_`U Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion }&sF
\b 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 "^VKs_U8o O&!>C7 Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior TV\21 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 g+;m?VJ =Y#)c]`
Engagement letter ]n1@!qa48 约定书(委托书) A+w51Q Q+'mBi} 2. Planning and risk assessment fC+<n{"C 规划和风险评估 Zc(uK{3W- M@EML
@~ General principles -8;U1 ^# 一般原则 x~C%Hp*#
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism 4CV
tXi_Y 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 Tm~a&p \E1[
/ Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk CM?dB$AwX 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 LPX@oh a ?ORG<11a Risk-based approach ysm)B?+k 基于风险的办法 lgFA}p@ 7.-Q9xv Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business IOmQ1X7, 了解商业的实质和知识 d|CSWcU XcB!9AIO Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud h'YC!hjp 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Q$Qs
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d! Materiality (level), tolerable error !4TM gM 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 @T[}]e <seb,> : Analytical procedures <|9s {z 分析程序 Uu
~BErEC 2iC7c6hc Planning an audit 1eQa54n 规划审计工作 kSoa' k"X<gA Audit documentation: working papers m
[7@l 审计文件:工作底稿 XMo#LS c+$alwL~ The work of others },G6IuH% 其他机构的文件 F33&A<(,
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[_;8 Rely on the work of experts ~x;1&\'k 依靠专家的工作 'oSs5lW 7qj
<|US Rely on the work of internal audit ^x(BZolkm 依靠内部审计工作 fvnj:3RK I?c "\Fe 3. Internal control veX#K# 内部控制 tmEF7e`(o A3D"b9<D The evaluation of internal control systems ZdG?fWWA 对内部控制系统的评估 N T+%u- L:UJur% Tests of control KY 085Fvs 控制测试 sbn|D\p x[l_dmq Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) ?IgM=@ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 6$]
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. _Bh-*e2k 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 ^1y (N>W I-oY@l` 2;X{ZLo 4.Audit evidence ;
s{k32e 审计证据 &Luq}^u AmYqrmJ
Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence =(\
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0-[ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 }i,
LP1R +b@KS"3h Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations :: IAXGH) 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 _Q&O#f j$v2_q The audit of specific items cb|cY Co5 审计的具体项目 *$+k-BV nO-1^HUl Receivables: confirmation '?7?"v 应收帐款:确认 fsd,q?{a: JG6"5:: Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties S
?v^/F 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 O#[+=
^ "eKNk Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation m"3gTqG
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 )Pr*\<Cld ^|Bpo( Bank and cash: bank confirmation e'%"G{(D 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 mx\b6w7 /;P* ? Auditing sampling @N^?I*|u 审计抽样 & !0 [T
2Cy">Exl 5.Review
r(qAe{ 复核 lM0
`yh lJZ-*"9V Subsequent events }M_Yn0(3 随后发生的事件 yx v]G6 "^
?|=sQ #$/SM_X14C dt -EY WEX6I16 Going concern Y ;qA@| 持续关注 x.gRTR`7( i
qLNX) Management representations Hz A+Oi 与管理层的交涉沟通 &+"-'7 >
b^|SL Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences rID_^g_tP8 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 UC@&! kM .Y@)3 JjO="Cmk/ 6. Reporting X0G
Mly 报告 /m>%=_nz 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com t?bc$,S"\( Appendix =lyP &u 附录 Ed&;d+NM Audit procedure v-^7oai 审计程序 pS [nKcyj