1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 qWw=8Bq <QvOs@i* Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance P* o9a 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 @@%ataUSBT $J2Gf(RU Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 0aAoV0fMDz 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 U6VKMxSJ ME d
WLFf Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion ry!!9Z>9n 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 `2snz1>!j fZ. ONq Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior Q20%"&Xp] 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 h\e.e3
/ *8Z32c+C Engagement letter M_8{]uo 约定书(委托书) >V~E]P%@ ]?*wbxU0 2. Planning and risk assessment z:;CX@)* 规划和风险评估 ceV}WN19l #`IN`m
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General principles O84i;
S+-p 一般原则 nR~(0G,H L$-T,Kze Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism 3u;oQ5<(v 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 XRH!]! 7Wno':w8 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ise-O
1' 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险
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grYe&(`X Risk-based approach r,udO,Yi=c 基于风险的办法 w@b)g s CRdtP Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business ]3gSQ7 了解商业的实质和知识 @VBcJ{e, 6-I'>\U~ Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud g ?
k=^C 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 <m m[S xmG<]WF>E Materiality (level), tolerable error YN,A)w:] 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 NgwbQ7) VnzZTGs Analytical procedures RpK@?[4s 分析程序 R2; O}P`P'Y|' Planning an audit $Y;RKe9 规划审计工作 SIllU TJN4k@\$2 Audit documentation: working papers <[phnU^
8 审计文件:工作底稿 %$I;{-LD ?(PKeq6 The work of others IcEdG( 其他机构的文件 6mE\OS-I S 5U;#H Rely on the work of experts ebq4g387X 依靠专家的工作 }#J/fa9
! :Al!1BJQ Rely on the work of internal audit @,}UWU 依靠内部审计工作 u y+pP!< ~?dI*BZ)] 3. Internal control lk!@? 内部控制 .6> w'F{> j+!v}*I![ The evaluation of internal control systems omFz@ 对内部控制系统的评估 ?5p>BER? >usL*b0% Tests of control b'g ) 控制测试 GB^B r6 7nSxi+6e Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) No$3"4wk 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) G5!^*jf us.~G Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. QnDg6m)+ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 "|NI]Kv #z(]xI)" *hrvYil2b 4.Audit evidence }qUX=s
GG 审计证据
-4K5-|>O }b}m3i1 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence jCY%| 获取足够、适当的审计证据 z{543~Og59 ni<(K
0~ Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations <%^&2UMg 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 FwK]$4* KoRV%@I The audit of specific items
[;N'=]` 审计的具体项目 h;Qk@F 7=uj2.J6 Receivables: confirmation iCoX&"lb 应收帐款:确认 QPx^_jA :3PH8
TL Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties 4
6x'I( 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 AX INThJ cK@wsA^4 Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 54,er$$V 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 ^
9sjj jdN`mosJ Bank and cash: bank confirmation 3q.q
YX 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 @WhHUd4s iscz}E,Y Auditing sampling u
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审计抽样 #mT"gs A,]h),b 5.Review
hPh-+Hb 复核 \['Cj*e k #tHK"20 Subsequent events wzA$'+Mb 随后发生的事件 +|v90ed (:_$5&i7 kM6
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j Going concern 3Vwh|1? 持续关注 (Z*!#}z
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% 7% Management representations J,hCvm 与管理层的交涉沟通 Gt1U!dP 7pd$\$ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 3]>| i 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 >z03{=sAN \bF{-" 7. O^.#d 6. Reporting 45e~6", 报告 QZs!{sZ 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com ig!+2g Appendix Y*^[P,+J*} 附录 r$1Qf}J3= Audit procedure !VJoM,b8 审计程序 $`c:&