1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 ? #-"YO7
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance $LRvPan`
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 _'ltz!~
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 05gU~6AF
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 vd|PTHV_
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion xlp^XT6#
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 8Focs p2
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior azr|Fz/
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 _k\*4K8L
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Engagement letter ~k/'_1)c
约定书(委托书) g;i>nzf
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2. Planning and risk assessment :@y!5[88!
规划和风险评估 awB1ryrOF
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General principles |
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一般原则 "o*(i7T=n
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism skh6L!6*<
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 EoD;'+d
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk D.kLx@Z
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 a}|B[b
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Risk-based approach hk3}}jc
基于风险的办法 ]OL
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business oTS*k:
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了解商业的实质和知识 -GLI$_lLF
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud dT4?8:
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 0k>bsn/j
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Materiality (level), tolerable error %D< =6suW
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 5<wIJ5t
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Analytical procedures yDg`9q.ckm
分析程序 ,j>A[e&.
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Planning an audit pUutI|mt/
规划审计工作 3
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Audit documentation: working papers cK%Sty'8+
审计文件:工作底稿 u|&"l
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The work of others vnwS&;-k~
其他机构的文件 &\#If:
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Rely on the work of experts 3B8\r}L
依靠专家的工作 FpN >T
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Rely on the work of internal audit \=Rw/[lR
依靠内部审计工作 L}5nq@Uu)
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3. Internal control -7,xjn
内部控制 1O3"W;SR<:
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The evaluation of internal control systems }c|
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对内部控制系统的评估 I!>pHF4
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Tests of control Y`
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控制测试 `
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) Kq&b1x
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) $L%gQkz_
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 3}*)EC
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 NrA?^F
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4.Audit evidence uflRW+-2
审计证据 ;%wQnhg
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence whFaL}2C
获取足够、适当的审计证据 h[HFZv~{
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations ukNB#2"
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 OwRH
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The audit of specific items _UU-
审计的具体项目 {}x{
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Receivables: confirmation xg*)o* ?
应收帐款:确认 86+nFk
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties k6.<