1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 \1gAWUt(' E
b:iym0 Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance yna!L@ *@, 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 /KWdI
P# HEbL'fw^s Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors
y705 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 i8k} B
o vT0Op e6m Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion G#e]J;
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见
gk 6R# +B " aUF Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior (kB 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 AV2Jl"1)z Ewp2 1 Engagement letter w-ald?` 约定书(委托书) 3'kKbrk [ hBX.GFnw 2. Planning and risk assessment |v%$Q/zp& 规划和风险评估 -rI7ihr* EBW*v ' General principles d;p3cW" 一般原则 { 22ey`@`h Z(tJd, Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism Q2Ey RFT 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 *5BVL_:~J 'l<$H=ZUVG Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk eA2*}"W 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 9)]`l
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<D! Risk-based approach [&*irk 基于风险的办法 ,"`3N2!Y} #&IrCq+ Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business w9GY/] 了解商业的实质和知识 xj U0& sj&(O@~R Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ]kmAN65c 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 yC5>k;/6#K paD[4L?4Hk Materiality (level), tolerable error cJq{;~ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 vb0Ca+}} -u%o) ;B Analytical procedures =/|GWQj 分析程序 .O0eSp|e U&B(uk(2 Planning an audit |tI{MztJ"c 规划审计工作
y@*4*46v 3=ME$%f Audit documentation: working papers xC _3&. 审计文件:工作底稿 ;:[P/eg vFJ4`Gjw( The work of others "7+^`? 其他机构的文件 [7DU0Xg7 _?{KTgJ G Rely on the work of experts |n,O!29 依靠专家的工作 KS~Q[-F1P 7YTO{E6]d\ Rely on the work of internal audit
!vl1#@ 依靠内部审计工作 n~`jUML2d AM!P?${a 3. Internal control !lEV^SQJs 内部控制 jzDPn<WQ ;_<
Yzl The evaluation of internal control systems \ :@!rM 对内部控制系统的评估 Z%.Ld2Q{ 4xs>X7 Tests of control NPBOG1q% 控制测试 u_ :gqvC= u{WI 4n? Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) u8A,f}D 3 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) olo9YrHn su\Lxv
Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 8j&1qJx) 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 _pS)bxw '2|mg<Ft <4?(|Vh[m] 4.Audit evidence -t`KCf,0 审计证据 vy5{Vm".4 dXt@x8E Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence = "Lb5! 获取足够、适当的审计证据 :]\-
GJV5 78Zb IL Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations kbz+6LcV 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 y>UQm|o<W )u!}`UJ The audit of specific items K^AIqL8 审计的具体项目 >]\oVG i2O$oHd Receivables: confirmation i"!j:YEo 应收帐款:确认 czo*_q% g( eA? Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties {
zalB" i 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 14-uy.0[ BXl
Y V" Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation H0lAu]~R_W 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 Vc|QW F+Hmp\rM# Bank and cash: bank confirmation ]CnT4[f! 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 d{'u97GDc J]*?_>"#8 Auditing sampling ]'i}}/}u2 审计抽样 #)%dG3)e Z=s]@r 5.Review
<^A1.o<GN 复核 Q@l.p-:^U ^zS|O]Tx Subsequent events (TGG?V 随后发生的事件 VelX+|w ?0+J"FH# W r<kqs,-~ /(ArA=# +-:G+9L@ Going concern /@s(8{; 持续关注 "g;}B"rG 8bEii1EM Management representations DVyxe} 与管理层的交涉沟通 24_/JDz n<7R6)j6 Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences y"0!7^ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 9d,2d5Y v|r# N^tH&\G\m 6. Reporting 71yf+xL 报告 ^
5gB?V, 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com Nf{tC9l Appendix e#uF?v]O 附录 a<Ptm(, Audit procedure Q(YQ$i"S 审计程序 <NX6m|DD