1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 ERt{H3eCcJ
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance :lzrgsW
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 0LKRN|@
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors
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审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 Q^(b)>?r;
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion nLiY%x`S
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 V_:&S2j
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior 5Dl/aHb
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 ;'Nd~:-]
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Engagement letter veRm2LSP
约定书(委托书) l (%1jC8
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2. Planning and risk assessment 6DWgl$[[
规划和风险评估 t_suF$
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General principles AvHCO8h|
一般原则 69 o7EA
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism n}77##+R&C
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 Wr5V`sM
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk
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审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 Jq^T1_iqn
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Risk-based approach yH}s<@y;7
基于风险的办法 D1mfm.9_r^
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business :Lug7bUVD
了解商业的实质和知识 "x /OIf
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud O,A{3DAe0
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 C{bgkzr
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Materiality (level), tolerable error R^e.s
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重要性(级别),可容忍误差 'XBFv9&
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Analytical procedures ;]jNk'oa
分析程序 C{XmVc.
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Planning an audit a+PzI x2
规划审计工作 zZC9\V}R
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Audit documentation: working papers E=w1=,/y
审计文件:工作底稿 {$Gd2gO
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The work of others Y7[jqb1D
其他机构的文件 HgkC~'
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Rely on the work of experts PIpi1v*qz
依靠专家的工作 <kd1Nrr!p
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Rely on the work of internal audit % -e 82J1
依靠内部审计工作 r{%qf;
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3. Internal control Ezv
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内部控制 A6iq[b]
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The evaluation of internal control systems }XM(:|8J,
对内部控制系统的评估 NS6:yX,/
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Tests of control r_;Nt
控制测试 nmi|\mof
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 1q1jZqno
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) :'&brp3ii=
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. ^_5r<{7/ :
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 B[?CbU
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4.Audit evidence 2oRg 2R}
审计证据 ;x1PS
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence
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获取足够、适当的审计证据 5=?\1`e1[
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations u21EP[[,
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 +|89>}w4
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The audit of specific items h
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审计的具体项目 ce3YCflt
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Receivables: confirmation ^vO+(p
应收帐款:确认 pWsDzb6?%
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties ]Y8<`;8/
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 aC.~&MxFC
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation z}ddqZ27G$
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 zEy N)
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation ^ tg<K
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 -f>%+<