1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 QnS^ G{
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 02[m{a-
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 L:Rg3eo
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors KH?6O%d
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 #$S~QS.
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion #KoI8U"
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 OW};i|
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior )tJaw#Mih
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 vS~tr sI
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Engagement letter T:kliM"z
约定书(委托书) z{Yfiv\-r
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2. Planning and risk assessment &1T
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规划和风险评估 $S<B\\
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General principles Co nik`
一般原则
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism jRiMWolLv
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 }U'9 d#N
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk [!;sp~
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 6 M:?W"
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Risk-based approach 30WOH
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基于风险的办法 _Cz98VqRk
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business a_+3, fP
了解商业的实质和知识 *ilVkV"U
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud
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评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 )b]!IP3
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Materiality (level), tolerable error Z>g&%3j
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 {06-h %qr
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Analytical procedures 7=yM40
分析程序 d`V.i6u
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Planning an audit ^bP
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规划审计工作 :](#W@
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Audit documentation: working papers ?;UR9f|!
审计文件:工作底稿 :D3:`P>,c
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The work of others I:DAn!N-A*
其他机构的文件 <L8FI78[*
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Rely on the work of experts m.ka%h$
依靠专家的工作 yy/'B:g
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Rely on the work of internal audit PJm@fK(j
依靠内部审计工作 71E~~ $
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3. Internal control 6`'g ${U
内部控制 Lbrn8,G\
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The evaluation of internal control systems z"|jCdZGM
对内部控制系统的评估 0@{bpc rc
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Tests of control $ Lfbt=f
控制测试 6:}n}q,V
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) JT<JS6vw#
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 8*?H~q~
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. F> Ika=z,
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 URj)]wp/
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4.Audit evidence y[Dgyt
审计证据 fO5L[U^`
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence zobFUFx
获取足够、适当的审计证据 n?6^j8i
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations :8bq0iqsV
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 80%"2kG
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The audit of specific items
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审计的具体项目 Av n-Ug
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Receivables: confirmation 9k62_]w@6
应收帐款:确认 qh}+b^Wi
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties T,/<'cl"
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 # ^,8JRA
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation L?a4>uVY
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 <x<qO=lq
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation elKp?YN
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 @HI@PZ>
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Auditing sampling \jZ
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审计抽样 qD"~5vtLqQ
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5.Review &