1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 }t*:EgfI
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance +`7!4gxwK!
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors i1 c[Gk.o
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 QIfP%,LT
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion b$sT`+4q
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 kkIG{Bw
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior b%].D(qBy
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 u{cb[M
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Engagement letter QJSi|&Rx&?
约定书(委托书) Sqx'nXgO
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2. Planning and risk assessment \A6}=
规划和风险评估 7NkMr8[}F
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General principles
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一般原则 /!sGO:
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism R5xV_;wD
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 '$[a-)4
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk t$b5,"G1
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 p)?6~\F:
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Risk-based approach {I/t3.R`
基于风险的办法 Z=
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business NU"L1dK
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了解商业的实质和知识 I%{ 1K+V/
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud <B'PB"R3y
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 dM-~Qo
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Materiality (level), tolerable error hW` o-'
重要性(级别),可容忍误差
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Analytical procedures U?ZWDr"*`w
分析程序 B>[myx
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Planning an audit y,K> Wb9e
规划审计工作 @ +a}O
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Audit documentation: working papers hxt;sQAo{
审计文件:工作底稿 Fzt7@VNxc
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The work of others >>cL"m
其他机构的文件
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Rely on the work of experts iba8G]2
依靠专家的工作 fu?u~QZ8
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Rely on the work of internal audit 30
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依靠内部审计工作 :(4q\~
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3. Internal control 9v1 Snr
内部控制 wh!8\9{g
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The evaluation of internal control systems cM\BEhh
对内部控制系统的评估 s#(7D3Pr#
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Tests of control ~S$ex,~
控制测试 b;nqhO[f}
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) D&pp
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实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) .KtK<Ps[S
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. xe9
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交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 MHGaf`7ro
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4.Audit evidence u68ic1
审计证据 q29d=
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence $.31<@T7
获取足够、适当的审计证据 7K+eI!m.s
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations rV2>;FG
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 g4{0
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The audit of specific items na
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审计的具体项目 D
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Receivables: confirmation ?j)#\s2
应收帐款:确认 rDu?XJA
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties t~.^92]s|
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 9$}>O]
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation /iJsa&W}
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 i[w&