1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 T;u;r@R/ &r,vD, Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance ~/^fdGr 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 %!` %21 f2.=1)u. Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors f]*;O+8$LN 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 d=1\= d/K kEh9J>|M Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion [I;C6p 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 |s/)lA:9 =CzGI|pb Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior |=5zI6pT 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 VEV?$R7; `.@udfog^0 Engagement letter 4KH'S'eR 约定书(委托书) R3g)LnN BOpZ8p'eH1 2. Planning and risk assessment A6z2KVk 规划和风险评估 fb Bu^]^S u<j;+-]8h General principles P`rfDQoZ 一般原则 bI.hG32 :1d;jx> Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism bAlty}U 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 UV(`. taDe^Istj Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk =2q#- ,t 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 B9l~Y/3| "Lvk?k
)hx Risk-based approach fAh|43Y*a 基于风险的办法 qt:B]#j@ e;v7!X Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business Q7amp:JFb 了解商业的实质和知识 A":=-$) -.Wwo(4 Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ;9~YQW@| 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 qFVZhBC 'qV lq5. Materiality (level), tolerable error #ChTel 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 Ztk%uc8_lM Dx\~#$S!= Analytical procedures U_jW5mgsG 分析程序 hq4&<Zr( 5]mH.{$x$? Planning an audit 9z?c0W5x 规划审计工作 RZEq@q ^/%o
I;O{ Audit documentation: working papers qKSR5 # 审计文件:工作底稿 ZXLAX9| ~LI } The work of others <Z[Z&^ 其他机构的文件 #0)TS N?3p,2 Rely on the work of experts WiZkIZ 依靠专家的工作 Wrbv<8}%c Ri"rT] ' Rely on the work of internal audit Dj= {% 依靠内部审计工作 3 85qQppz Dhm;K$T 3. Internal control
'h ? 内部控制 S%H"i
y Ud"_[JtGM The evaluation of internal control systems o>*`wv 对内部控制系统的评估 (]k Q9}8 @Y,t] Tests of control PL"=> 控制测试
yfwR``F TlO=dLR7d Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) ZYY`f/qi 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) nVlZ_72d ,a
WI&ve6 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. G;u 6p 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 Z9H2
! Cp r}Vr_ Ag3+z+uS 4.Audit evidence
Ce//;Op 审计证据 n=f?Q=h\3 D,$M$f1 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence UQ hD8Z'I. 获取足够、适当的审计证据 d~.hp f*V^HfiQb Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations fLRx{Nu 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 1z; !)pG. .`*(#9(M9 The audit of specific items +
S5uxO 审计的具体项目 ao7M([ff Lcg1X3$G Receivables: confirmation I+Y Z+ 应收帐款:确认 ;
p+C0!B2 2/
)~$0 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties >;G7ty[RX7 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 ^^V+0 l I(>_a
s\1 Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation \{(cz/]G/ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 =C#z Px, R0w~ Z
Bank and cash: bank confirmation <}mA>c'k 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 A\"4[PXpQ 79Aa~ +i'_ Auditing sampling e2xKo1?I 审计抽样 SA"4|#3>7 D41.$t[ 5.Review
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复核 Us6~7L00 .K_50%s Subsequent events "SKv'*\b 随后发生的事件 wd,6/5=lh 9e;{o,r@ 7wrRIeES 4X:mb}( E)'T;% Going concern .F/l$4CQ 持续关注 )):D&wlq \*fXPJ4 Management representations I]#x0 ?D 与管理层的交涉沟通 SQ/}K8uZ pm}_\_ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences dphWxB 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 H_iQR9Ak7 P=ub
CS' %@I= $8j 6. Reporting Pr/q?qZY 报告 vN6)Szim 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com So NgDFD Appendix mt *Dx 附录 3cH^
,F Audit procedure 6m9\0)R 审计程序 O/l/$pe