1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 0*Km}?;0- M=[q+A Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance `x$}~rP&)! 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 e*2&s5 #RT _lPl)8k Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 2r}uE\GN 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 Uk*;C .aismc`= Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion r` `iC5Ii 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 ?[S
>&Vq 40Qzo%eL Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior oIvnF:c 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 W]D`
f8r9 m-'(27 Engagement letter VyoE5o 约定书(委托书) _Hd1sx hGA!1a4 c 2. Planning and risk assessment Naf`hE9 规划和风险评估 N=Uc=I7C &AQ;ze General principles 2&gVZ z 一般原则 1R2o6`_ qBBYckS. Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism u1;e*ty 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 lv00sa2z QypiF*fSU Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk k>:/D 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ^\vfos PUE'Rr(Q Risk-based approach RUS7Z~5 基于风险的办法 9uw,-0*5 HTDyuqs Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business =nvAOvP{? 了解商业的实质和知识 hmBnV jTd4 H) Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud g]Xzio&w 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ^p"4)6p-W J-, H6u Materiality (level), tolerable error 6VH90KAT 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 vn0cKz@ hi {2h04 Analytical procedures Bbl)3$`, 分析程序 hy$MV3LP .*EOVo9S Planning an audit "[Qb'9/Jc 规划审计工作 QN5yBa!Wz (>rS
_#^ Audit documentation: working papers @ate49W 审计文件:工作底稿 X(r)Z\
[+;FV!M6 The work of others h/ LR+XX! 其他机构的文件 Gut J_2f^9 r^w\9a_ Rely on the work of experts Z:_m}Ya| 依靠专家的工作 e;A^.\SP t$]&,ucW# Rely on the work of internal audit `ICcaRIN8I 依靠内部审计工作 85r)>aCMn zG-_!FIn 3. Internal control L4YVH2`0) 内部控制 O+G~Qp0b> 1<LC8?wt The evaluation of internal control systems \LO_Nu9 对内部控制系统的评估 Y!++CMzU !lQ#sL` Tests of control JqI6k6~Q^ 控制测试 |8&-66pX T!u'V'Ei2 Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) jIAW-hc] 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) oupJJDpP LPEjRG, Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 8- dRdQu
] 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 [c&2i`C !lR0w| +(;8@"u 4.Audit evidence k~0#'I9 审计证据 ? .c?Pu gB(9vhj$ Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence 'RDWU7c9] 获取足够、适当的审计证据 La`h$=#` P['X<Xt8 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations lZ}izl 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 5a=nF9/ wl7 M fyU The audit of specific items w) =eMdj\o 审计的具体项目 jg~_'4f# Q,zC_ Receivables: confirmation ' 2>l 应收帐款:确认 wENzl
XeOP x Z|&/Ci Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties EKcC+g 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 R<Z^L~) sS
C?io Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation )r ULT$;i@ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 C=>B_EO J1.qhy> Bank and cash: bank confirmation 'eqiY
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| 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 @q,)fBZq hZ!oRWIU%G Auditing sampling KuA>"X 审计抽样 `koOp pp(H
PKs=} 5.Review
:FnOS<_B 复核 D^|jZOJ R"NGJu9 Subsequent events Y;8
>=0ye 随后发生的事件 ]x1p!TSU 8|w-XR S2ark,sp6 1XG$ z@NN f:xUPH?+ Going concern d& hD[v 持续关注 M
/"gf;)q> zEy&4Kl{+ Management representations ]K7`-p~T 与管理层的交涉沟通 qc3~cH.@ 3Q",9(D Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences for{ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 j5zFDh
1( PJCnud F ` "B^{o 6. Reporting n<E.Em1 报告 <_t5:3HL 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com rw&y,%2 Appendix =qw&dwIQ 附录 w}d}hI Audit procedure G[#.mD{k 审计程序 K<#-"Xe;