1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 T|uG1 s_U--y.2r( Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance K^%ONultv 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 J$,bsMIX I1JF2 "{c Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors &Vg)/t; 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 ^C;ULUn3 H~W=#Cx Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion vP,$S^7$ 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 _] us1 U+VyH4" Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior ?F|F~A8dr 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 n^/)T3mz{ RF'&.RtVa Engagement letter FMC]KXSd 约定书(委托书) ;V84Dy#b 9M@,BXOt 2. Planning and risk assessment RIFTF
R 规划和风险评估 _Pn
1n l<yYfGO General principles [f=Y*=u9, 一般原则 (.kzJ\x \
F)}brPc Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism c4}|a1R\= 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 seZb;0
%t]{C06w+{ Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ZN!<!"~ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 'v5q/l
V/yj.aA*@ Risk-based approach MZ>Q Rf 基于风险的办法 }`]Et99Q5 F:LrQu Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business rg I Z 了解商业的实质和知识 +(h{3Y| 5e&;f Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ~F>'+9?Sn 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 '-P+|bZ
W4 Kr+#)S Materiality (level), tolerable error q<4{&omUJ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 {N@Pk[! yn.[- Analytical procedures 4j<[3~:0
o 分析程序 J{$c| k{cPiY^ Planning an audit
Fp>nu _-" 规划审计工作 e /L([ T
`o[whr Audit documentation: working papers i_av_I- 审计文件:工作底稿 }l_8~/9 Nwk^r75l q The work of others Nf}i/ 其他机构的文件 I 1Yr{(ho @IOl0db Rely on the work of experts 3Qu-X\ 依靠专家的工作 `k(m2k? o 9d|XY
_ Rely on the work of internal audit t"YN:y8- 依靠内部审计工作 m,ur{B8 : K+P a b ? 3. Internal control )-25?B 内部控制 xsU3c0wbr8 3!i{4/ The evaluation of internal control systems {8,_[?H 对内部控制系统的评估 ^grDP*
;W `)Y 5L}c= Tests of control DH:9iX ' 控制测试 4|DN^F~iut JX`>N(K4\ Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 7t+H94KG7 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) R#s_pW{op 1D%E})B6 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. u/FC\xJc 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 <]*Jhnx/ 1G'pT$5& VREDVLQT 4.Audit evidence iDYm4sY 审计证据 9fsc>9 fyxc4-D Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence ,Bj]j -\Y 获取足够、适当的审计证据 =nlj|S ~3 %1)J Rc Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations ?',Wn3A 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 BRv#` k7M{+X6[ The audit of specific items S(0JBGC 审计的具体项目 ri4:w_/{,Y SKGnx
Receivables: confirmation kH=
qJ3Z 应收帐款:确认 8yM8O
#S &"Fz)} Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties -?Cu-' 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 R S] N%`] |I3&a=, Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation AOx8OiqE: 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 {vur9L v+CW([zAx# Bank and cash: bank confirmation *=77|Dba 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 D3y4e8+Z' a&[>kO Auditing sampling wd1>L) T 审计抽样 5'_:>0} ;|f]e/El 5.Review
oUB9)C~ 复核 ^ tVIPH.R l>)+HoD Subsequent events ozA%u,\7k 随后发生的事件 /K_*Drk> :)Da^V 4 &0MB>m ]Nue1xV_ @==
"$uRw Going concern 2SKtdiY 持续关注 o@YEd d zoj
w^%W Management representations N<QLvZh 与管理层的交涉沟通 .[Ny(X/]/} f?"909& Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 9xL`i-7] 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 ~u r}6T RI BB* d!"gb,ec 6. Reporting Hq,znRz~` 报告 \*c=bz&l 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com Z-aB[hE Appendix dCzS f4: 附录 q'jInwY|x Audit procedure l!IN #|{( 审计程序 P+,YWp