1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 vz#rbBY*; O5{
>k Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance b U-Cd 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 zX{[Z .B6$U>>NS^ Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors e7{3:y|]d3 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 Z>wg
o@z% s@jzu Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion I}
kx;!*b 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 eeoIf4] S^c5 Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior *h-_
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 '<^%>R2 qCc'w8A Engagement letter `N_N zH 约定书(委托书) n-#?6`>a ;B:'8$j$ 2. Planning and risk assessment uV#/Lgw{M 规划和风险评估 ]O,!B''8k AVZ -g/<
General principles 38>8{Ma 一般原则 V+nqQ~pJ& I8Y[d$z Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism kgEGL]G> 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 yCf*ts1 :\4?{,@_h Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk H/|Mq#K 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 INyreoMp W&A22jO.1 Risk-based approach F7E# x 基于风险的办法 /E2/
3z Y@c!\0e$ Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business ([qw#!;w; 了解商业的实质和知识 @-NdgM< _W@q
%L> Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud THi*'D/ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 b*n o.eB $"!"=v%B Materiality (level), tolerable error |p4F^!9 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 R.Ao%VT qq]ZkT} Analytical procedures 9F(<n 分析程序 Zoh2m`6 ^+Ie Planning an audit ?}D@{%O3T 规划审计工作 5%rD7/7N 5 UpN/\He Audit documentation: working papers Sy6Y3 ~7 审计文件:工作底稿 ]uI#4t~ &y[Od{= The work of others x\]%TTps 其他机构的文件 jQFAlO(E': @{+c6.*} Rely on the work of experts fLa 7d?4 依靠专家的工作 /[#<@o k#_B^J&d Rely on the work of internal audit C&^"]-t 依靠内部审计工作 p
uV(eG il(dVW 3. Internal control Q mT L- 内部控制 <S:SIaf0 ~c%H3e>Jcq The evaluation of internal control systems Psij*%I4 对内部控制系统的评估 zqh.U@ B<SuNbR Tests of control I dgha9K 控制测试 ow,I|A
5`53lK.C Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) Ms;:+JI 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 6J9^:gXW~ Ob$|IH
8. Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. cT'D2Yeq 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 4eMNKIsvY$ Bd*:y qi .E-)R 4.Audit evidence *.#d
'~+ 审计证据 v@_b"w_TY 494"-F 6 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence .>%(bH8S 获取足够、适当的审计证据 e|Rd# ^a#Vp Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations hg_@Ui@[z 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 QCIH1\`jW d#9
\]Ul& The audit of specific items W-ErzX 审计的具体项目 Oz<{B]pEul `?+lM Receivables: confirmation 78&jaw*1A 应收帐款:确认 U6;,<-bL g)c<\% Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties ;^za/h>r 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 4,"%
u;R< Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation )F
Q
'^ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 r)UtS4 7 I]t ",s/j Bank and cash: bank confirmation MA0}BJoW 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 H g(%gT zRSIJ!A~ Auditing sampling c193Or'6Y 审计抽样 'o;>6u<u lcR53X 5.Review
T{-<G13 复核 LxaR1E(Cc' D=uU:7m Subsequent events 5]D"y Ay81 随后发生的事件 .G8+D%%. \6~(#
y mxUM&`[ :!
H]gC
4 nA$zp Going concern {}!`v%z 持续关注 ^GMM% 8L]em&871 Management representations ?hu}wl) 与管理层的交涉沟通 ,U':=8 M|IR7Ot
LV Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences d;1%Ei3K 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 (|H1zO y
qDE|DIez hZ6CiEJB 6. Reporting 1Z-f@PoM 报告 VA{2a7] 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com yU'Fyul Appendix P?D;BAP2 附录 5H8]N#Y& Audit procedure 4mNg(w=NF 审计程序 M{\W$xPL)