1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 fqZ+CzH y5:al7*P Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance n$jf($* 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 33w(Pw *Bx'g|
u Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ]|4mD3O
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 fc9gi4y9 ;aUI3n% Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion UdX aC= Q 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 ;/ao3Q ,E8~^\HV Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior ppPzI, 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 \:-N<[ J9`[Qy\ Engagement letter
g<PdiVp+ 约定书(委托书) {y
7,n 'W|@d8}h 2. Planning and risk assessment <>K@#|%Y& 规划和风险评估 ]@7]mu:oL g bwg3$!9 General principles b}jLI_R{ 一般原则 t+BLO< Y$6W~j Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism # fl%~Y 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 T#w *5Qf ?u8vK<2h Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk /'0,cJnm 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 m7~[f7U 9TILrK Risk-based approach }lt]]094, 基于风险的办法
js8\" k0R;1lZ0n Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business {T[/B"QZG 了解商业的实质和知识 T+|V;nP. n)rF!a Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud 9 ulr6
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 N^8
lfc$a D^H<)5d9 Materiality (level), tolerable error =rDIU&0Y 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 aXefi'!6 Q.[^5
8 Analytical procedures s%~p?_P 分析程序 rKys:is ZW|VAn'> Planning an audit O[fgn;@| 规划审计工作 ?OPAf4h dc0Ro, Audit documentation: working papers [{B1~D- 审计文件:工作底稿 J8yi#A>+ 1f1J'du The work of others _A.?:'- 其他机构的文件 P'6(HT>F? K*Tvo` Rely on the work of experts kM\O2ay 依靠专家的工作 (N\Zz*PLz
>AW=N Rely on the work of internal audit ')w*c 依靠内部审计工作 wp,z~raaS \HOOWaapN 3. Internal control 3f:I<S7 内部控制 -zV
a[& 2;`"B|-T The evaluation of internal control systems Z qg(\ 对内部控制系统的评估 $|YIr7?R 0Fh*8a}?b Tests of control (dF4F4`{ 控制测试 =7mR#3yt 41TB Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 5yQv(<~*G 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) WLWE%bDP ZCMB]bL-e Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. y6o^ Knl 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 u-h3xj ?fEX&t,' OI.2C F 4.Audit evidence (r.{v@h,dV 审计证据 1a90S*M v|Tg % Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence [lA[wCw 获取足够、适当的审计证据 6mBX{-Z[ v}]x>f Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations morI'6N 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 D.<CkDB \wNn c" The audit of specific items ,\DB8v6l\A 审计的具体项目 LZG^\c$ 38Z"9 Receivables: confirmation /)de`k" 应收帐款:确认 Md
{,@ G fT8Id\6js Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties [
JVI@1T 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 2ezuP F 4W.;p"S2 Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation tTyu,%/m 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 =tH+e7it A0rdQmrOL Bank and cash: bank confirmation 2>O2#53ls0 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 ^;s`[f|w 6DJ,/J2F Auditing sampling '{cN~A2b4 审计抽样 /@RnCjc' 5.[{PJ]bq 5.Review
&,."=G 复核 2c%}p0<;|? B0z.s+. Subsequent events o Ayk 随后发生的事件 |7`Vw Z NTL#! MmWJYF= BQS9q'u_ qqzQKN Going concern sjTsaM;< 持续关注 &ApJ'uC cfeX(0 Management representations rY!uc! 与管理层的交涉沟通 fr#lH3 HqXo;`Yy} Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences fSqbGoIQ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 Msd!4TrBJ 5h:SH]tn8] ~2H7_+.# 6. Reporting D
8?$Fn= 报告 @5?T]V g 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com ~M'\9 Appendix btOTDqG`a 附录 !7xp<= Audit procedure D`t e|K5 审计程序 Yip9K[