1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 T^;Jz!e =)1YYJTe9 Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance bW.zxQ: 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 wp*&&0O! Iki+5 Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 4\SBf\ c 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 gXLZ) >+A+ m<,G:?RM Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion akc"}+-oX 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 r]O@HVbt$ E(3+o\w Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior \R>5F\ 0 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 o7a6 )2JK p2c=;5|/Q Engagement letter ecqz@*d& 约定书(委托书) +9
p`D QD;f~fZ 2. Planning and risk assessment d7tD|[(J 规划和风险评估 :;*#Qh3" v
V\F^ General principles LVFsd6:h 一般原则 $aPHl 6|>\&Y!Q Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism dMs39j 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 E,D:D3O -=t
3O# Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk CNRU"I+jU 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 "kBqY+:Cn
6:@t=C Risk-based approach !k= 0X\5L 基于风险的办法 h;ol" +x9"#0|k; Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business R4~zL!7; 了解商业的实质和知识 HMS9y%zl/ +65~,e Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud 1S[5#ewB;j 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 p-'6_\F.Ke ,+f0cv4 Materiality (level), tolerable error U_}A{bFG 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 n@07$lY@; M$]O=2h+2 Analytical procedures rv%ye
H
分析程序 D"x$^6`c} nvs}r%1'5 Planning an audit gR-Qj 规划审计工作 bhqq N{hF [F Audit documentation: working papers .KU SNrs' 审计文件:工作底稿 6mF{ImbRbS ^`jZKh8)h The work of others }@:QYTBi } 其他机构的文件 lA.;ZD! :Hf0Qx6 Rely on the work of experts +i`Q 7+d 依靠专家的工作 Oa}V>a C7jc 6(>m Rely on the work of internal audit pg?i F1 依靠内部审计工作 ANFg]g.Az V@f
6Lj 3. Internal control GIRSoRVsh 内部控制 jI{~s]Q g
P%|:" The evaluation of internal control systems ,\S pjE 对内部控制系统的评估 S}m$,<x 2-$bh Tests of control K{zCp6 控制测试 |YE,) kiF dDqr
B-G Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 9b" 9m*gC 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) Y[iDX#
pyg!rf- Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. XJ:>UNf5; 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 B|Fl,55 @3-,=x P>{US1t 4.Audit evidence @@%i(>4Z 审计证据 /]/>jz> %_b^!FR Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence $>'" )7z 获取足够、适当的审计证据 Zp7yaz3y (Pk"
NEP Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations J7'f@X~nM 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 n%0]V Xx# d1~_?V'r] The audit of specific items e~+(7_2 审计的具体项目 *3_f&Y KMK&[E#r Receivables: confirmation T|o`a+? 应收帐款:确认 $N}/1R^?r VX^o"9Ntl Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties Gh]_L+ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 ;m@1Ec@*p SUH mBo"} Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 6o=qJ`m[? 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 Q;$
9qOF Dd!Sr8L[ Bank and cash: bank confirmation %6NO 0 F^ 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 0W T#6D ioC@n8_[G Auditing sampling ~9JW#HHzn 审计抽样 G3RrjWtO ?w+ QbT 5.Review
)p$\gwr=2 复核 ;YK!EMM4!h \4h>2y Subsequent events *2JH_Cj` 随后发生的事件 "wA0 LH_ {8^Gs^c
c cS<TmS! Z69+yOJI D9 qX->p Going concern *0%4l_i 持续关注 5/& 1Oxo )Vwj9WD Management representations "| Kf'/r 与管理层的交涉沟通 az0cS*@ &EAk
z Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 79)A%@YHQQ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 I3Lg?bZ 0o=!j3RjH }qc#lz 6. Reporting f>.4-a? 报告 W8f`J2^"M 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com G/
v|!}?wG Appendix r%0pQEl 附录 M'yO+bu Audit procedure ?VFM]hO 审计程序 >|
wKXz