1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 fmvX;0O Eg?6$[U`8< Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance \k1psqw^O 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 "qRE1j@%a
t]Xdzy Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 5uK:f\y)l 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 Zi=Nr3b ;$G.?r Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion |Ebwl] X2 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 +k'5W1e #5kQn>R Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior
]k%Yz@*S 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 }!\ZJo a #;Y JR9VN Engagement letter \+E{8&TH' 约定书(委托书) ~jb6 _-%A_5lCRE 2. Planning and risk assessment *r)/.rK_ 规划和风险评估 0(;d<u)fS UfEF>@0 General principles s#ijpc>h 一般原则 #J]u3*Tn| 5B!l6ST Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism SUXRWFl 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 7z"xjA ?y
F)tF+< Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk NaS
g K 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 lvIKL!;H V?v,q'? $ Risk-based approach }\`MXh's 基于风险的办法 {Q[{H'Oa u=feR0|8 Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business o+SD(KVn- 了解商业的实质和知识 Cs7YD
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud 'D8WNZ8Q 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ]l
zt"[ @@7<L Materiality (level), tolerable error [y|"iSD 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 A^2VH$j]+ n
'{cU( Analytical procedures )_OKw?Zi 分析程序 Fd-PjW/E8 _rXTHo7P Planning an audit tK6z#) 规划审计工作 j^T.7Zv y]aV7
`] Audit documentation: working papers ["4h%{. 审计文件:工作底稿 s_-G`xT>{ 1q<BYc+z The work of others Y~v
I@$<~( 其他机构的文件 40N8?kQ}? 3'6%P_S Rely on the work of experts
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=K\ L 依靠专家的工作 nVV>;e[ mOr>*uR Rely on the work of internal audit k DS 依靠内部审计工作 L8N`<a5T `:!mPNW# 3. Internal control O^48c$Apv 内部控制 *z;4.
OX r k;k:<c The evaluation of internal control systems 5\}A8Ng 对内部控制系统的评估 r7/y'Y]O -l<b|`s=w. Tests of control Ro$'|}(+A 控制测试 V #W,}+_Sz z9pv| Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) [ ps5; 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) .}S9C]d:a Bs(\e^} Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. MZ
o\1tU-i 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 &U ]L@]x J`a$"G B. c
iVN-;vi 4.Audit evidence m8;;
O 审计证据 ik)T>rYg0 0P^RciC f Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence 6= s!~ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 9F)+p7VJq js)M
c*]& Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations SYRr|Lg 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 R!b<Sg 4Tgy2[D?q The audit of specific items -iWt~ 审计的具体项目 M eo(|U &
p=Uus Receivables: confirmation A#$oY{" 2Y 应收帐款:确认 ]3]I`e{ F|3Te?_ Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties 3maiBAOKz 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 hdt;_qa e/JbRbZX Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 9HrT>{@ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 "n3r, WzZ<ZCHm Bank and cash: bank confirmation U8qb2'a8 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 8)HUo?/3 rpH ,c[D Auditing sampling LgXc}3 审计抽样 @dei}!e m/uBM6SXx 5.Review
;"46H'>! 复核 IHHL. gT tIfA]pE Subsequent events N,fEta6 随后发生的事件 |N, KA|Gdq xR}^~14Bz dPZrX{ c %^tKt -l)vl<} Going concern ){^o"A?-: 持续关注 .Qk T-12 "
j-Z<F]] Management representations @-=0T!/ 与管理层的交涉沟通 DCr&%)Ll y,'M3GGl Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences +*&b
gGhT 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 :bt;DJ@ MJ "ug8N n4 A_vz 6. Reporting art
L 报告 -{[5P! 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com T40&a(hXQ Appendix zA/tHlKc 附录 L~9Q7 6w Audit procedure 2$ m#)*\ 审计程序 7L3:d7=MIW