1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计
i3U_G^8 /=~o|-n8@ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance #6F/:j; 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 a:}&v^v 0/,Dy2h Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 4NRG{FZ9 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 .Uh|V- qN(,8P\90 Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion b";D*\=x 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 k C=h[<' kqt.?iJw Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior y4`uU1= 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 Ob
m%\h ;}QM#5Xdt Engagement letter +WB';D 约定书(委托书) P=
nu&$; =` KV),\ 2. Planning and risk assessment J6J|&Z~UT, 规划和风险评估 7) W
B7gY\Y&M General principles 'X/(M<c 一般原则 >Z!H9]f( N!YjM x)P Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism N9X`81)t 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 2y@y<38 i YBp"+#2 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk Olltu"u 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 *?s"~XVs khS > Risk-based approach dr
W}w+! 基于风险的办法 :%kJ9zW c^%&-], Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 8D1+["& 了解商业的实质和知识 k!=
jO#)Rd Q|i`s=| Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud 2kV{|`1 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 U7le> d;L >cRE$d? Materiality (level), tolerable error ^:
64(7 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 C .{`-RO 6Cz%i6) Analytical procedures wh)Ujgd 分析程序 .C?rToCY
XR.Sm<A[ Planning an audit ?0VETa ~m 规划审计工作 !a<}Mpeg bZ_vb? n Audit documentation: working papers 8*m=U@5] 审计文件:工作底稿 ED=P
6u HqKI|^ The work of others \o=Y
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8U 其他机构的文件 U1~6 o"1H C
Ch38qBp Rely on the work of experts {((|IvP` 依靠专家的工作 m*
JbZT /FW{>N1 Rely on the work of internal audit Kta7xtu 依靠内部审计工作 kNDN<L J sc`^a%`' 3. Internal control 2/M:KR 内部控制 ~
$QNp#dq 'D<84|w:1 The evaluation of internal control systems pG0Ca]( 对内部控制系统的评估 %X>P+6<= [7*$Sd Tests of control 3Z-N*bhC 控制测试 +!9&zYu! c>pbRUMH
Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) <|R`N)AV; 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) A<
|]>[ax 6p1)wf.J Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. |\iJ6m;a 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 >p,FAz> b am*&E%0K IolKe:'>@ 4.Audit evidence |(6H)S]$ 审计证据 nD/;
Gq `-QY<STTP9 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence NNM+Z: 获取足够、适当的审计证据 .Bb86Y=3 8
DE%ot Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations "2a&G3}t" 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 v#WD$9QWs JC}oc M
j0 The audit of specific items 6Lhfb\2? 审计的具体项目 ZclZD{%8J !3 j@gi2 Receivables: confirmation ^ua8Ya 应收帐款:确认 [23F0-p Z?_t3 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties q;0QI{:5v 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 U{%N.4: <sNkyQ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation g9K7_T #W 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 @+ee0
CLT \yNe5 Bank and cash: bank confirmation 1e(QI)
~ 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 G"&yE.E5 x8q3 Njr Auditing sampling C^W9=OH 审计抽样 )|SmB YV Q@"mL
5.Review
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m 复核 tH\ aHU[ {YzRf S Subsequent events ^N`bA8 随后发生的事件 5Dv;-G; ZN]LJ4|xu r|W2I,P cm!|A)~ @M!WosRk Going concern uv$t>_^ 持续关注 lmjoSINy SC6cFyp2 Management representations a$K.Or} 与管理层的交涉沟通 E"{2R>mU~ _Boe" Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences A
tU!8Z 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 @ a?^2X^ 2A^>>Q/,u RCvf@[y
4 6. Reporting ]J
aV +b'O 报告 vsU1Lzna6@ 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com eGi[LJ)np Appendix XKEd~2h<y 附录
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Audit procedure )n&@`>vm 审计程序 @C34^\aH+