1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 )"|wWu nD)SR Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance e6qIC*C ! 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 o8IqO' =knLkbiq7, Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 1=E}X5 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 DYC2bs> xaV3N[Zd Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion M9Yov4k,4] 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 yp@cn(:~ dVGcth;
Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior l&"bm C:xr 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 4`cf FowK~ uC#]F@ Engagement letter AXi4{Q, 约定书(委托书) .L^;aL QJ>=a./ 2. Planning and risk assessment
#)#'^MZX 规划和风险评估 +9')G-`qj D62'bFB^ General principles i=M[$ 一般原则 3/&
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D Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism }g%&}`%' 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 Do^yer~ LW("/ Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk }v?l0Gk( 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 Z3ODZfu> wLt0Fq6QG Risk-based approach %$Q!'+YW 基于风险的办法 CUjRz5L ANj%q9e!Yi Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business Bxj4rC[ 了解商业的实质和知识 x}d5Y 73tjDO7d Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud
^r]-v++ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 !}1l8Y P/]8+_K Materiality (level), tolerable error BP4vOZ0$ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 C)9-{Yp SL^%Zh/~ Analytical procedures q?L*Luu+ 分析程序 9{A*[.XK] *|0W3uy\Y Planning an audit CaoQPb* 规划审计工作 HJ!)&xT I9U
8@e!X Audit documentation: working papers +l7Bu} _? 审计文件:工作底稿 /\1Q
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"[Tr"nI The work of others : B
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YquW gKIN* Od Rely on the work of experts >Wpd q( o 依靠专家的工作 WCp[6g&%O lWf(!=0m Rely on the work of internal audit K:pG<oV|} 依靠内部审计工作 MUN:}S 2fPMZ7Zd3 3. Internal control 15DlD`QV 内部控制 [~Z#yEiW^ W`n_m&Y\ The evaluation of internal control systems J=n^&y 对内部控制系统的评估 W}wd?WIps :+ "JPF4X Tests of control ~<osL 控制测试 T(~^X-k PKs$Q=Ol<| Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) #`"B
YFV[E 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) !A_KCM:Ym VrFI5_M/ Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. ,l\D@<F 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。
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^*_ 0E&XD&D D[Ld=e8t 4.Audit evidence `R$bx 64 审计证据 .+^o {b ACgWT Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence ZPY84)A_} 获取足够、适当的审计证据 MpJx>0j/J U(:t$SBKy Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations <5sfII 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 x1:1Jj:
r8L'C The audit of specific items Gs}lw'pK 审计的具体项目 a+\s 0Qo< D/WzYc2h] Receivables: confirmation P~"""3de4 应收帐款:确认 9893{}\cB v/wR)9 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties HYg7B 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 m$
q* .MRLAG Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation /bqJ6$ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 i"hn%u$V zU};|Zw Bank and cash: bank confirmation tLx8}@X" 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 'zTa]y]a #Cz:l|\ i Auditing sampling 0 f"M-x 审计抽样 8L(KdDY /s`xPxvt 5.Review
5cl%>U 复核 ]^l-k@ c1_?Z Subsequent events wijY]$ 随后发生的事件 )i>T\B dtq]_HvTJ E}=F
o/\z4Ri)$ ^KFwO=I@PV Going concern 7kidPAhY 持续关注 ,[Z;"wE H\e<fi%Q Management representations 7PI|~Ifi 与管理层的交涉沟通 G{oM2`c'#8 Ad`jV_z Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences z3-AYQ.H 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 ~w RozV GD .>u H=9\B} 6. Reporting aw/5#(1R 报告 h%@#jvh?4 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com V?cUQghHg Appendix /d-7n|#E 附录 ,cFp5tV$ Audit procedure S>p>$m,
Q 审计程序 zL3'',Ha