1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 } &+]UGv bE.<v
F& Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance r9WR1&T) 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 5=I({=/> #p>&|I Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors t
jwf;g}$ 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 #
o/;du 1C{0 R. Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion <<u]WsW{C 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 iL);bv W m(U.BXo Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior SNOc1c<~ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 H\oxj,+N j0}wv~\ Engagement letter 5?SE?VC=t 约定书(委托书) <b,WxR` UX63BA 2. Planning and risk assessment ^UJIDg7zS 规划和风险评估 W,6q1 Q4-d| General principles 9)v]j
k 一般原则 X-((
[A @y7KP$t Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism O=7S=Rm4& 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 \ YF@r7 m`-:j"]b$ Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk #~nXAs]Q 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 Ve%ua]qA Mb2a;s Risk-based approach 8xAI n>,_ 基于风险的办法 _ikKOU^8 /B?wn=][ Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business ^6kl4:{idE 了解商业的实质和知识 ]vz6DJs JseKqJ
?g Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud en'[_43 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 lqOpADLS3 wi7Br&bGi Materiality (level), tolerable error Db|JR 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 pP":,8Q{ i
/[{xRXiR Analytical procedures j[:70%X 分析程序 KBtqtE'(L !9
kNL Planning an audit ^UKY1Q. 规划审计工作 Q2ne]MI }EwE#sZ# Audit documentation: working papers S;#:
~?dU 审计文件:工作底稿 I2CI9,0 2QbKh) The work of others &%j`WF4p 其他机构的文件 \A\ J[6/dM Rely on the work of experts yJC:
bD1xi 依靠专家的工作 p1niS:}j j:1N&7<FU Rely on the work of internal audit N\ Mdia 依靠内部审计工作 :j3'+%'2 jRC{8^98 3. Internal control ,^c-}`!K 内部控制 h )Y.jY (Ud"+a The evaluation of internal control systems ;hq_}. 对内部控制系统的评估 \[{8E}_"^ 3l~7 Tests of control h/\Zq 控制测试 t=Rl`1=(K cD`?"n Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) b*h:e.q 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) <`SA>P 1VFCK& Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. +sn0bi/rG 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 9'H:pb2 B^TgEr { /!ryOA65 4.Audit evidence I_8 n>\u 审计证据 l^bak]
9 1 :dbO|]Xf Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence ]#shuZ##>0 获取足够、适当的审计证据 J#wf`VR% jNX6Ct? Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations V_$<^z| 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 \PN*gDmX e/g9r The audit of specific items C3=0st$ 审计的具体项目 <Af&Q
0J 30I-E._F Receivables: confirmation ?
}ff O 应收帐款:确认 *N
~'0"# Da[#X`Kp$ Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties (bI/s'?K 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 &k*oG:J3 8v/,<eARJ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation mnZfk 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 #o~C0`8!B= ;8MQ'# Bank and cash: bank confirmation Q1kM 4Up 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 5.\|*+E~ `j'1V1 Auditing sampling (g[WZB3x 审计抽样 tIV9Y=ckr0 %=K [C 5.Review
J=kf KQV 复核 ,\+N}F^
PQ_A^ 95 Subsequent events &QQ6F>'T 随后发生的事件 D5Rp<PBq, -0`n(`2 D{d%*hlI 3 'HV@i)h0%V aEa.g.SZ Going concern >@G"*le*) 持续关注 (8ct'Q ; k&[6Ld0~56 Management representations EUrIh2 .Z 与管理层的交涉沟通 1\lZ&KX$i iSOy
p\E| Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences \TzBu?,v8 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 ql5&&e=- >*B59+1P q3v5gz^t 6. Reporting `DGI|3 报告 8yOhKEPX 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com uTO%O}D N Appendix pIpdVKen 附录 t<}N>%ZO Audit procedure X<W${L$G 审计程序 <f)T*E^5%