1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 $Z{ap ^/0c`JG!x Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance B1x# 7>K 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 r9nyEzk )Vn(J#s Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors k
q{PM-]l 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 %j.B/U$ i#&iT P` Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion A#yZh\# 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 @O!BQ^'hk# kqebU!0- Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior -x~4@~ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 3Kx&+ Io|3zE*< Engagement letter t",=]k 约定书(委托书) 3 #8bG( `b11,lg 2. Planning and risk assessment 6n|R<DO%\ 规划和风险评估 \]
j{ 9!``~]G2 General principles ~`xaBz0q 一般原则 .T2P%Jn.
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Gg'R7 Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism W>+/N4 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 %nRz~3X|+v c:J;Q){Xz Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ?~%Go 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 -4%{Jb-1 1}7Q2Ad w Risk-based approach W~!uSrY 基于风险的办法 0r=KY@D K P1;u #v Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business L@|xpq 了解商业的实质和知识 T5AoBUw =tKb7:KU Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud )K.'sX{B 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 \l_U+d,qq qg`8f? Materiality (level), tolerable error +Fk]hCL 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 wN+3OPM nlq"OzcH04 Analytical procedures 3pk=c-x 分析程序 N!{waPbPi 6T qs6* Planning an audit [z2jR(+`U 规划审计工作 R7
WGc[ ![ce=9@t< Audit documentation: working papers fz[-pJ5[ 审计文件:工作底稿 tO@n3"O :L6,
=# The work of others gG,"wzj 其他机构的文件 J"$Y`; 6^+T_{gl Rely on the work of experts Edp%z"J;C 依靠专家的工作 =o+js;3 e8Y;~OAj[ Rely on the work of internal audit 3G.-JLhs 依靠内部审计工作 ru 5T0w";V A*a:#'"*N 3. Internal control NbyXi3@v 内部控制 Lj,!025 A7hWAq The evaluation of internal control systems -s!cZ3 对内部控制系统的评估 \Wn0,%x2 TwT@_~IM Tests of control D-S"?aO- 控制测试 j,J/iJs R #\o*Ta Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) rHMr8,J; 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) Wu1">| 1UwpLd Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. k0e {c 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 \G~<O071 ~\QN.a dBG5IOD 4.Audit evidence 5ieF8F% 审计证据 +FGw)>g8'm s~)I1G Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence H7}@56 获取足够、适当的审计证据 VmbfwHRWb q(nPI Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations iuGly~ 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 .271at#- U'Mxf'q The audit of specific items LV6BSQyQ 审计的具体项目 d"#& VlKcv W02t6 DW Receivables: confirmation X[;-SXq 应收帐款:确认 i9O;D* f.{/PL Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties F=9
-po 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 -NL=^O$G ?Dn
6 Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation }P(<]UF 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 hVLVMqd G>?'b Bank and cash: bank confirmation i[r>^U8O 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 .Z
#8,<+ /8Xd2- Auditing sampling 1!"iN~ 审计抽样 tg#d.( xC^| S0B 5.Review
L8.u7(-# 复核 @Z[XV"w| ZhnRsn9 Subsequent events #}8 x
随后发生的事件 Nxr %xTD *{1]b_< Z-;I,\Y% yGZsPQIaV
-_p@I+B Going concern *;!p#qL 持续关注 nR#'BBlI >DkRl Management representations b[;Zl< 与管理层的交涉沟通 QKt+Orz 'j oE-{ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences
I5H#]U 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 96P3B}Dk XMi)PXs$ a$2WL g, 6. Reporting m14OPZ<3?- 报告 97-=Vb 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com ^^
+vt8| Appendix c8}jO=/5+ 附录 v#E RXIrf Audit procedure c3X8Wi7m 审计程序 b+!I_g4P