1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 v?\bvg\E TY=BP!s Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance m*BtD-{ 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 *}\!&Zk" \DE`tkV8 Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ^L;`F 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 #isBE}sT{ vTD`Ja#h Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion #GYCU! 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 }cll? 2 or u.a Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior ) tGC&l+?/ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 i>S
/W!F P(W7,GD,k Engagement letter J0}OmNTzD 约定书(委托书) 1_7}B4 R4"g?
e 2. Planning and risk assessment $b#"Rv 规划和风险评估 ".qh]RVjV '(kySf[ General principles j0k"iv 一般原则 J*8fGR% Xv'M\T}6C+ Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism DB yRP-TH 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ejwFQ'wTx Ftm%@S ? Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ,c6ID|\ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 }0T1* .Cz #nc{MR#R Risk-based approach Pb.-Z@ 基于风险的办法 cT8jG,+"} i` Es7 } Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business er}/~@JJ 了解商业的实质和知识 nVoPTr Z-b^{uP Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud aU2O5 z& 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ~)}npS; z@cL<.0CE Materiality (level), tolerable error vcAs!ls+ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 NrTQ}_3) "!gd)^<e Analytical procedures `ejE)VL=8h 分析程序
u(SdjLf: q]tPsX5{* Planning an audit |-I[{"6q$@ 规划审计工作 l?B\TA^ oa+Rr&t' Audit documentation: working papers MZE8Cvq0 审计文件:工作底稿 Fy<dk}@ iy8UrgG;l The work of others KLs%{'[7: 其他机构的文件 5A/G? mz[rB|v"/7 Rely on the work of experts zHr1FxD 依靠专家的工作 [,-MC7>] &-9wUZ Rely on the work of internal audit &M~*w~w` 依靠内部审计工作 OUe@U;l{Z ?DkMzR)u 3. Internal control xF5q=%n 内部控制 ycRy!0l _I~W!8&w> The evaluation of internal control systems w:&m_z#M 对内部控制系统的评估 j"/i+r{"E sW#6B+5_k Tests of control BULX*eOt 控制测试 ) ]U-7 x\!Qe\lE Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) _;{n+i[ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) J(h=@cw f5Zx:g Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 4)-LlYS_d< 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 G1vWHa7n;f g%#"
5Kr xRJv_=dT 4.Audit evidence LqPn$rZ|$ 审计证据 !Z,h5u\.w $Dd IY} Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence H6x~mZu_:T 获取足够、适当的审计证据 )wo'i]#2: 0eQyzn*98 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations I)]wi% 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 6YQ&+4
.#6Dad=S* The audit of specific items &
p"ks8" 审计的具体项目 WL7R.!P %:N6#;l M Receivables: confirmation x;l\#x/< 应收帐款:确认 y1(smZU oJUVW"X6 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties pcv (P 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 v}IkY
Y>{K2#k Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation h2zuPgz, 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 M&~3fRb4 AM1 J ^Dp Bank and cash: bank confirmation ^*
^te+N 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 ]ZelB,7q /,f*IdB Auditing sampling +eZR._&0 审计抽样 0"kNn5 +g<2t, 5.Review
-wy$ ?Ha 复核 >o>r@; !ui
i|" Subsequent events Xlp u_H| 随后发生的事件 Bl2y~fCA p-GlGEt_X D%N^
iJC,9 iJk`{P _ GN /]^{D Going concern ji="vs=y 持续关注 O7I:Y85i#O lV:R8^d Management representations <- Q=h?D 与管理层的交涉沟通 "D'A7DA ` =RJ8u Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 7JD
jJQy 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 &/d;4Eu iv2did4 %kS +n_* 6. Reporting YQvN
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`@b+'L Appendix mVg-z~44T 附录 X#j-Ld{j Audit procedure 3*"$E_% 审计程序 Y
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