1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 A`
oa|k!U E ,Dlaq Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance ~MD><w> 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 ;2 \<M6 iNMLYYq]l Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 7E@$}&E 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 :K5V/-[|V1 $::51#^Wg Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion HM;4=% 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 ZO]E@?Oav vHoT@E#}' Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior c lq
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职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 %,h!: Ec^c "1E?3PFJ
Engagement letter UX+?0 K 约定书(委托书) yRSy(/L^+ 4ZSfz#
<[z 2. Planning and risk assessment
s$e K66H 规划和风险评估
pyGFDB5_P =/)Mc@Hb General principles 9iiU,}M`j 一般原则 s2kGU^]y noWRYS % Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism }C9VTJs| 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 \Or]5ogT' 9G=A)j Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk =aX1:Z 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 * <Nk%` ;w>Q{z Risk-based approach [j]}$fFe 基于风险的办法 jKe$&.q@ .oW~:mY Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 3g4vpKg6c 了解商业的实质和知识 AqTR.}H =+kvL2nx- Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud pO@k@JZ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 y81#UD9[ je$R\7B< Materiality (level), tolerable error lUy*549, 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 E0WrpGZ Rq~
>h99M Analytical procedures w%!k?t,*] 分析程序 [U_Q
2<H U/v"?pg[ Planning an audit =2GP^vh 规划审计工作 IDL^0:eg<. @p?b"?QaB Audit documentation: working papers !]UU;8h~ 审计文件:工作底稿 t/EMBfLc &z1| The work of others Hj-<{#, 其他机构的文件 N69eIdl <%5-Pz p Rely on the work of experts R
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F 依靠专家的工作 /;]B1T7 !nqm ;96 Rely on the work of internal audit hA&j?{ 依靠内部审计工作 Dg];(c+/
.jrR4@ 3. Internal control /I`!iK 内部控制 ;NN(CKZ9A &,6y(- The evaluation of internal control systems $TH'"XK 对内部控制系统的评估 LmT[N
@>" NC[GtAPD3 Tests of control ft.}$8vIT 控制测试 -sG
WSC r5fz6" Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) LgD
{! 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) MSrY*)n!>O yScov)dp( Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. DftGy:Ah3 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 #xJGuYdv ,EGD8$RA] WP#_qqO 4.Audit evidence
5;i!PuL 审计证据 HK,G8:T `mHOgS>| Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence `!>dbR&1 获取足够、适当的审计证据 S<bz7
k9 M}KM]< Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations c<t3y7 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 r>:7${pF yADN_ The audit of specific items #B.w7y5* 审计的具体项目 .]sIoB-54 &l!{!f4 Receivables: confirmation R*TGn_J` 应收帐款:确认 TF iM[ O|7
{%5h Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties (8eNZ*+mO 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 ?U9d3] W bQ\ -6dOtv Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 5}l#zj 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 "!_
4%z- 6/WK((Fd Bank and cash: bank confirmation RNrYT| 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 +qW w-8 1j)!d$8 Auditing sampling QGCdeE$K 审计抽样 -L4G WJ~.- +` Y ?- 5.Review
oJ;O>J@c 复核 kI[O {<kQ X!A]V:8dk Subsequent events {@F["YPxy 随后发生的事件 r(2'0JQ f [I'j0H% /5'<w( '?>O
i7!mMO8] Going concern "i<3}6/* 持续关注 )s7 Tv#[ @7Rt[2"e Management representations { )GEgC 与管理层的交涉沟通 Y1ilH-8 wj:3 Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences m ?"%&| 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 }ok
nB VOK$;s'9} w wRT$-! 6. Reporting ?OYwM?Uf 报告 hv8[_p`> 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com bz@=zLBt Appendix r-Xe<|w 附录 {S:3
FI Audit procedure 4Z
p5o`*g2 审计程序 ~aR='\<