1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 a0)w/A& zwC ,,U Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance BDf M4 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证
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; Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors itNuY<" 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 $yi:0t8t <5%*"v Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion [5'HlHK 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 xGyl7$J 445JOP Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior m19\H 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 I)yaR+l !2Ompcr1 Engagement letter FR6 W-L 约定书(委托书) hpXW tQ aHC%:)ww: 2. Planning and risk assessment (hOD 规划和风险评估 -3yK>\y=| &Ih }" General principles 7*{l\^ism; 一般原则 3r#['UmT t0fgG/f' Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism qN1fWU#$ 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 G9-ETj} ]v}W9{sY Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk r'nPP6` 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 hN K wQ ##''d||u Risk-based approach P9m 基于风险的办法 ]#4kqj} V+D5<nICr Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business .! <yTh 了解商业的实质和知识 GU`q^q@Ea j5R0e}/r Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud +a*Ic8* 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 F|6"-*[RS I}u\ov_Su Materiality (level), tolerable error nygGI_[l 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 7]Qxt%7/> 4jDi3MMU9 Analytical procedures DqY"N] 分析程序 *=B<S/0 8F<|.V; Planning an audit g$C]ln>"9m 规划审计工作 uQbag]&
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+? Audit documentation: working papers 075IW"p' 审计文件:工作底稿 ,&3+w~Ua p:b{>lM The work of others v+x rnz 其他机构的文件 *
G*VY#L 5"40{3 Rely on the work of experts .9Oj+:n 依靠专家的工作 \C~6
' 3/usgw1 Rely on the work of internal audit 6d8)] 依靠内部审计工作 O[$X36z kD+#| f 3. Internal control cXt
&k 内部控制 TDfloDxA uP
cx6X3] The evaluation of internal control systems Mu:zWLM*M 对内部控制系统的评估 J
?aJa F$4=7Njv Tests of control c{to9Lk.# 控制测试 ]U~{?K'g@j x])j]k Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) /g*_dH)= 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) }8l+Jd3" q("l?' Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. K!(WcoA&2i 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 20$Tky_ XFs7kTY um]N]cCD` 4.Audit evidence (&)uWjq
` 审计证据 a'-xCV|^ :T PG~`k( Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence
3ONW u 获取足够、适当的审计证据 m,hqq%qz q2|z
\ Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations OY|9V 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 ;W+1 H ! 1$# r)S[* The audit of specific items <l,e6K 审计的具体项目 G,Yctv
3Jda: Receivables: confirmation ZR3sz/ulLd 应收帐款:确认 ?
5Z-w 8Rw:SU9H?T Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties S+6YD0 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 yTbtS- [Z'4YXS Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation K4Nz I9@ 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 H.n|zGQTB Tf$> ^L Bank and cash: bank confirmation _
u_|U 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 2.j0pg . n|=yw6aV' Auditing sampling *WzPxQ_ 审计抽样 +LWgby4q @:'E9J06 5.Review
/Yww G;1 复核 [KO\!u|?YS `ALQS
o~l Subsequent events &,XPM
T 随后发生的事件 uY3$nlhP6 gi@&Mr)fS ?|2m0~%V= YE"MtL { T8T,G4Q Going concern _fj@40i M 持续关注 *"/BD=INv} xU.Ymq& 5 Management representations z} VCiS0 与管理层的交涉沟通 =5pwNi_S 2j>C4Ck Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences ONcS,oHW 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 2qj0iRH#N< aQ 6T2bQ /oM&29 jy 6. Reporting 8p~[8} 报告 |])Ko08*tE 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com G
in Appendix c3Ig4 n0Y> 附录 ok&v+A Audit procedure ,qgR+]?({ 审计程序 kP~ ;dJD