1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 FY)US> s~m]>^?8MR Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance KJv[z 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 y" |gC!V} X.V4YmZ-; Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 8<{i=V*x4 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 5
FE& :eH\9$F`x; Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion !tSh9L;<O 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 +q%b'!&Q s &f\gp1 Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior BZ,{gy7g7X 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 /@1pm/>ZaN H
LC I Engagement letter <rFh93 约定书(委托书) CY\D.Eow x@@bC=iY$ 2. Planning and risk assessment rYM@e 规划和风险评估 Y(Y#H$w # S(b2LEc General principles }1 j'
一般原则 lHFk~Qp[ kz G W/ Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism Hb[P|pPT 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 =imJ0V~RW *=P*b|P"$ Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk wlEK"kKU 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ;u=%Vn"2a >2ha6A[ Risk-based approach iqFC~].) 基于风险的办法 -
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Rw LX Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business /I:&P Pff 了解商业的实质和知识 a+j"8tHu$ y[zjs^-vCv Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud AwZz}J+ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 +p$lVnAt g""Ep Materiality (level), tolerable error >qPP_^] 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 @aP1[( m $}fY
B/ Analytical procedures M^lP`=sSv 分析程序 j9X|c7| {B4.G8%Z Planning an audit O
Q$C#:? 规划审计工作 G_M8? G0 ZSr!L@S Audit documentation: working papers yY]E~ 审计文件:工作底稿 211V'|a_> r[wjE`Z/T The work of others dK4w$~j{k 其他机构的文件 av_ +M;G d5`D[,]d Rely on the work of experts ?<T=g 依靠专家的工作 y#= j{ w&e3#p Rely on the work of internal audit ]0g p.R 依靠内部审计工作 Ro;I%j r`pf%9k 3. Internal control rM?
J40&. 内部控制 ;/H/Gn+ pK ^$^*# The evaluation of internal control systems HA[7)T N1E 对内部控制系统的评估 IZGRQmi" R\<d&+q@ Tests of control 8c>xgFWp9 控制测试 Vt,P.CfdC 2XEE/]^ Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) X3~`~J 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) xZY7X&C4 P#V}l'j(<a Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. `2]TPaWGh 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 4$81ilBcL qlnA7cK! 0M?zotv0# 4.Audit evidence skU
}BUK6 审计证据 <\eRa{ef KT17I&: Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence IfT: 9
& 获取足够、适当的审计证据
^Pah\p4bj yYP>3]z Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations R&$f
WV;' 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 y.s\MWvv>u G&t|aY- The audit of specific items MTq/ 审计的具体项目 KzJJ@D*4M] abCxB^5VL Receivables: confirmation bR;.KC3C 应收帐款:确认 g9=_^^Tg i|xz
Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties c]i;0j? Dl 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 4TYtgP1 YQWq*o^: Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation
;/kmV~KG 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 gGN6Yqj0 :G]t=vr1 Bank and cash: bank confirmation ;.b^&h 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 -s1.v$g _'<FBlIN Auditing sampling
;]bW 审计抽样 +n$ruoRJh }8s&~fH 5.Review
%;|dEY 复核 $My~sN8 /8Z&Y`G Subsequent events URt+MTU[ 随后发生的事件 ;),,Hk Wyow MFp 0{u%J%; h0HK~S#xBv J1Az+m Going concern Xbrc_V\_ 持续关注 C\OZs%]At {wgq>cb
Management representations j(}pUV B 与管理层的交涉沟通 3(nnN[?N,5 _Vf>>tuW Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences vp9wRGd 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 rq Uk_|Xa >
yVp1Se =''b `T$ 6. Reporting e,Y<$kPV 报告 u } +?'B) 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com I Gi9YpI&K Appendix Bk^o$3# 附录 HLdHyK/S Audit procedure d0& 审计程序 Le{.B@2-"