1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 GbXa=*
<-<
h!~Qyb>W Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance b] EC+. 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 ' ?4\ -XJXl}M. Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors nB|m!fi< 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 (93$ L zZ ,(;T V_@
$ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion .!`y(N0hc 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 pdw;SIoC +A;AX.mr Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior L*(!P4S%} 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 ku3(cb!2 M#u~]?hS Engagement letter )yTBtYw3 约定书(委托书) .:~{+
<*` m=4hi(
g 2. Planning and risk assessment 'kBq@> 规划和风险评估 >)j`Q1Qc\ -d*zgP General principles -"CXBKHb
一般原则 sZDxTP+ P
\rA>ZY Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism x :? EL)( 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 b(HbwOt~3 ;irAq| Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk Z,"f2UJ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 C"*8bVx]$n +a'["Gjq; Risk-based approach Dk^T_7{ 基于风险的办法 SZVAf|]Yg @Rw]boC Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business /J5)_>R: 了解商业的实质和知识 Gl6M(<f\5 th^&wp Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud eJy}W / 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 0%
zy 6{ 8dUP_t~d#q Materiality (level), tolerable error -}CMNh 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 x:E:~h[.^ >mW*K _~ Analytical procedures [Te"|K ': 分析程序 `L
m9!? ws([bS2h Planning an audit ec&K}+p
@ 规划审计工作 vUR@P
- ]j+J^g Audit documentation: working papers o^3X5})sv 审计文件:工作底稿 1EHL8@.M K}(@Ek The work of others
RQ;}+S 其他机构的文件 /4YxB, `9&~fWu Rely on the work of experts *cy!PF& 依靠专家的工作 c2Yrg@) [ p
C/13|I Rely on the work of internal audit ZkqZO#nq
C 依靠内部审计工作 pn p)- a*7 o#QS: '| 3. Internal control q^eLbivVE 内部控制 1xDh[:6
:I(d-,C The evaluation of internal control systems 6=p!`DOd 对内部控制系统的评估 Jy
P$'v~ <T`&NA@%~$ Tests of control #A 7|=E 控制测试 =Bos>;dl 6^sH3=# Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) Vs9]Gm 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) ;$g?W" I#:Dk?"O2 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. @y/!`Ziw 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 4Cp)!Bq?/ ziXI$B4- YM&i 4.Audit evidence xp
F(de 审计证据 K6 c[W%Va [e7nW9\l Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence 9;ie[sU:u 获取足够、适当的审计证据 u,JUMH]@ $ qTv2)W1{ Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations fS]Z`U" 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 ]Q -.Y-J/O hg-M>|s7 The audit of specific items OU[ FiW-E 审计的具体项目 Huc|HL#C 'iX y?l Receivables: confirmation 3'!*/UnU 应收帐款:确认 tR<L9h L}VQc9"gc Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties >
">grDX 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 eQJyO9$G %(B6eiA Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation kZ'wXtBYe 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 NEt_UcC ^!Tq(t5V Bank and cash: bank confirmation rih@(;)1 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 0QY9vuhL< ->'xjD Auditing sampling wPvYnhr|G- 审计抽样 +@dgHDJ T/?C_i 5.Review
k1fX-2H
复核 Q6r7UM 7 b8pWM Subsequent events $9ys!
<g 随后发生的事件 VgO.in^q "QmlW2ysi ?ajVf./Ja |XJ|vQGU =a 6e*f Going concern a"8H(HAlNn 持续关注 n 9Ktn} .xe+c
K Management representations /\
U:F 与管理层的交涉沟通 yJ?=HH? ~:N 1[ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences QG
1vP.K 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 $$eBr
8 8aI^vP"7`= %t%D|cf 6. Reporting O+=C8 报告 r[P+F 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com YXIAVSnr Appendix l@g%A#
_ 附录 xzBUm Audit procedure
@O8X ) 审计程序 Asli<L(?`