1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 m!%aB{e Yjjh}R# Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance jO&*E'pk 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 [DM0'4 OQKeU0v Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors @0@ZlHwM 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 b@;Wh-{d W~ET/h Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion [MFnS",7c 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 0Z8"f_GK
pzz*>Y Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior [|KvlOvP 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 WrGnLE
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jhm??Af Engagement letter qy3@>
1G 约定书(委托书) l,4O -U=Ci 2. Planning and risk assessment "G K9Y 规划和风险评估 U;MXiE3D (6S'wb General principles D:_W;b) 一般原则 w]0@V}}u$o rKrHd
Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism ">oySo.B? 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 O1z]d3x
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- Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 3OZPy|".ax 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 pZ.b
X xmvE*q"9] Risk-based approach ! ;t\lgMl 基于风险的办法 q#W|fkfx+ aaR& -M@ Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business DpT9"?g7 了解商业的实质和知识 Oo|PZ_P "r-P[EKpL Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud XVN`J]XHk 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Cd}^&z @b,Az{EH Materiality (level), tolerable error 3#>W\_FY*D 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 %tyo(HZQ /kb
U< Analytical procedures
yfZNL?2x 分析程序 Cq\XLh ` @KQ.t F* Planning an audit B{nwQC b 规划审计工作 <e2l@@#oy V\;Xa0 Audit documentation: working papers . 5(YL8d 审计文件:工作底稿 ?RsrY4P !!y]pMjJa@ The work of others $a M5jH< 其他机构的文件 X8$i*#D =&bI- Rely on the work of experts %f;dn<m=c 依靠专家的工作 {%R^8 s<s}6|Z Rely on the work of internal audit fST.p|b7 依靠内部审计工作 1!<t8,W4 r/j:A#6M]o 3. Internal control Jb QK$[z" 内部控制 AE0uBv +OE!Uqnt The evaluation of internal control systems l P F326e 对内部控制系统的评估 .[Sis<A]% Y[{:?i~9, Tests of control vd%g'fTy9 控制测试 D=0YLQ*rP srGOIK. Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) )}ev;37<C
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) g#J`7n }
oPO` Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. +
>Wo:kp3 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 'C1l
P)S5 xyp{_ MZ !g@Ky$ 4.Audit evidence 7Sx|n}a-3 审计证据 2J7|y\N, SqM>xm Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence uJw?5kEbv< 获取足够、适当的审计证据 aM}9ZurI *f
[5rr4 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations +A|
Bc~2! 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 M/N8bIC! Q v:t;Uk^Y The audit of specific items v e&d"8+] 审计的具体项目 5,"c1[
`- A)f-r Receivables: confirmation d:%b 应收帐款:确认 fN&,.UB^p "q=Cye Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties 7v5]%%E/ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 ]auvtm-[ !oWB5x~:P Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation {VcRur}&Y8 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 3s6obw$ki c1#0o)q*7 Bank and cash: bank confirmation s L^+$Mq6 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 F.[%0b E r48|C{je- Auditing sampling $ev+0m_ 审计抽样 yf&g\ke V]7/hN-Y} 5.Review
1djZ5`+ 复核 1oQw)X Sdu\4;( Subsequent events 8y
LcTA$T 随后发生的事件 vV,TT%J8D r,6~%T0 OoB|Eh|), F>fCp -xn-Af!v Going concern Y%KowgP\ 持续关注 PLCm\Oh$l OX_y"]utU Management representations %U\,IO `g 与管理层的交涉沟通 N!+=5! aU!}j'5Q Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences s scbf 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 oD2:19M@p %*D=ni#(sT 5X{|*?>T 6. Reporting r2-iISxg+ 报告
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*mn4n= Appendix &*`dRIQ] 附录 ^ja]e%w# Audit procedure 2js/>L0 审计程序 I9X\@lTf