1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 {D={>0 2I3MV:5 Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance [:&4 Tp*C 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 /2Y t\=S= wi|'pKG Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors iOYC1QFi? 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 &"p7X>bd }4Ef31X8q Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion
/5b,& 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 ( d#E16y AvfSR p Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior S8(Y+jgk;a 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 ,9SBGxK5` =aX;- Engagement letter \fj*.[, 约定书(委托书) LZG?M|(6D Y@)/iwq 2. Planning and risk assessment +*Y/+.4WE$ 规划和风险评估 ]|KOc& y:I P-[6'mw` General principles *~YU0o 一般原则 yr8
b?m.x \qj4v^\ Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism 8b\XC%k 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 ;~CAHn|Fe :08b&myx Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk )zzZYs&| 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 8vpB(VxV+ OE[
|1?3 Risk-based approach SM;UNIRVE 基于风险的办法 *DfwTbg| "ld4v+o8l Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business <Ih)h$8` 了解商业的实质和知识 }TfZ7~o[ 9f1,E98w_ Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud _
`5?/\7 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 g-)izPX &m<:&h& b Materiality (level), tolerable error zmaf@T 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 WD.td O1]L4V1iH Analytical procedures i286 J. 分析程序 as%@dUK? .S4c<pMap Planning an audit PggjuPPh 规划审计工作 YytO*^e}} '9@} =pE Audit documentation: working papers %QY
W0lE 审计文件:工作底稿 Y]MB/\gj dA4DW The work of others Ix~_.& 其他机构的文件 %?
87#| 3'3E:}o| Rely on the work of experts Q1hHK'3w 依靠专家的工作 PiQsVk \;#T.@c5 Rely on the work of internal audit T'C^,,if 依靠内部审计工作 lJly
fN y(81| c# 3. Internal control 9W5~I9% 内部控制 olLVT
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':fq/k3;& The evaluation of internal control systems u_31Db< 对内部控制系统的评估 k9Pwf"m|]( QT`|"RI% Tests of control A?)nLp&Y 控制测试 #^FDG1= bEvlk\iql Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 9pF@#A9p 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 4 q-/R ]]"O)tWHj Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. %mF:nU4 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 D_s0)|j$cy H<N$z3k 9Su4nt`i 4.Audit evidence Ij w{g% 审计证据 o*5iHa(Qm $tm%=g^ Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence 9Ub##5$[, 获取足够、适当的审计证据 esh7*,7-z* E^K<b7 Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations M_BG:P5 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 h;C/} s PAYS~MnV@3 The audit of specific items uPhL?s{ 审计的具体项目 ?Sj>b _ZMAlC*$G Receivables: confirmation s^\
*jZ6 应收帐款:确认 NP#6'eH\ \-`,fat Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties NpPuh9e{ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 S&JsDPzSd Ez)hArxns Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation 5 *R{N
~> 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 NB^+Hcb$ r `;_ #&b Bank and cash: bank confirmation nY)H-u^ 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 |$:y8H'J aTWCX${~b Auditing sampling xCTPsw]s 审计抽样 mxPzB#t4 ]Y.GU 7` 5.Review
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g2QJ 复核 $S6%a9m
d!P3<:+R[ Subsequent events tEam6xNf, 随后发生的事件 DWwPid}
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>.=v*\P RW4,j&) /$=<"Y7&g Going concern OaH1xZNOC` 持续关注 ZZ*+Tl\
s E;MelK<8( Management representations '_~qAx@F#c 与管理层的交涉沟通 A||,|He~ b/soU2?^ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences a\l?7Jr 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 8\BGL 1Qk]?R/DN *ufVZzP( 6. Reporting ~W..P:wG5 报告 omoD+ 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com _c $F?9: Appendix PP-U. 附录 "tF#]iQQ
u Audit procedure 5._1G| 3 审计程序 S HxD(6