1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 ?&X6:KJQ
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance cpZc9;@IC
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 7J*N_8?2
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors UMMB0(0D
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 >v+jh(^
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion #VGjCEeU
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 }|wv]U~
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior ~i~%~doa
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 <l,o&p,>|c
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Engagement letter zsXpA0~
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约定书(委托书) uQqWew8l+
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2. Planning and risk assessment Sq2P-y!w
规划和风险评估 <a^Oj LLU
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General principles J
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一般原则 HU ;#XU1
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism w:i:~f .
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 rN/|(@
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk !#yq@2QX
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 Shr,#wwM`B
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Risk-based approach ';B#Gx
基于风险的办法 }8K4-[\
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 9N8I
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了解商业的实质和知识 -yAQ
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud GW^,g@%C
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 f9u^ R=Ff[
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Materiality (level), tolerable error ,m3e?j@;r
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 S$q=;"
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Analytical procedures .="bzgC3A
分析程序 &53]sFZ
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Planning an audit Z8O n%Mx{"
规划审计工作 :mppv8bh
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Audit documentation: working papers ~uWOdm-"[
审计文件:工作底稿 dihjpI_
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The work of others g=L]S-e
其他机构的文件 Dim>
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Rely on the work of experts 7cDU2l
依靠专家的工作 &)d$t'7p
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Rely on the work of internal audit gV;H6"
依靠内部审计工作 9m2, qr|
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3. Internal control "I6P=]|b
内部控制 S0,R_d')
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The evaluation of internal control systems 82{ Vc
对内部控制系统的评估 x&sI=5l
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Tests of control <*ZJaBwWU~
控制测试 $``1PJoi
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) Yf,K#' h:
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 7w:ef0S
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. Ks^6.)
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 !3n)|~r;K
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4.Audit evidence 94uNI8
审计证据 ,_aM`%q?Fj
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence 9_
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获取足够、适当的审计证据 >2$5eI
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations K%<j=c
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 n9w9JXp;!
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The audit of specific items ^H{R+}
审计的具体项目 h!~3Dw>,N
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Receivables: confirmation Q)m4_+,d
应收帐款:确认 oF9
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties n~"$^Vr
存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 N7'OPTKt&
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Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation +d+@u)6
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 =ph&sn$;L
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Bank and cash: bank confirmation _\Q^x)w6
银行存款和现金:银行的确认 D0k
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Auditing sampling M` q?Fk
审计抽样 UDhG :
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5.Review C{sLz9
复核 3czeTj
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Subsequent events bfB\h*XO
随后发生的事件 IDkWGh
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Going concern +iRq8aS_
持续关注 ju}fL<