1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 ^ELZ35=qZ
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance '/xynk%)xw
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 F62 uDyY
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors }
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审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 |^Y"*Y4*h
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion Dazm8_x
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 ;w .la
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior
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职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 *xxk70Cb
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Engagement letter CqEbQ>?
约定书(委托书) crv#IC2
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2. Planning and risk assessment fd *XK/h
规划和风险评估 7<WUjK|
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General principles t4UK~ {gh
一般原则 #3*cA!V.<
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism &V*MNi,4Z
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 GwF8ze+cH
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 4k^P1
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 H(;@7dh
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Risk-based approach -crMO57/
基于风险的办法 uEb:uENk'(
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business QP\:wi
了解商业的实质和知识 .pPuBJL]<
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ?{ '_4n3O
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 By6O@ .\V
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Materiality (level), tolerable error MuWZf2C
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 /#T {0GBXe
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Analytical procedures e^N~)Nlj
分析程序 <|k :%
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Planning an audit U<&=pv
规划审计工作 :2xGfy??
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Audit documentation: working papers jo&j<3i
审计文件:工作底稿 AQ$)JPs
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The work of others @,oc%m
其他机构的文件 wowf1j-
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Rely on the work of experts Vf:.C|Z
依靠专家的工作 ffk>IOH
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Rely on the work of internal audit `
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依靠内部审计工作 Q0"?TSY
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3. Internal control 7Ku&Q<mi
内部控制 O-7)"
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The evaluation of internal control systems ;5;>f)diS
对内部控制系统的评估 ZFMO;'m&
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Tests of control e~gNGr]L/
控制测试 8Y8bFWuc
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) '2Zs15)V
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) *J^FV^E``
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. #Ev}Gf+5Q
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 MzB.Vvsy%9
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4.Audit evidence <v9IK$J
审计证据 %`pi*/(
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence "Ia.$,k9
获取足够、适当的审计证据 IR3SP[K"
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations M*n94L=Sg&
财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 OU` !c[O
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The audit of specific items lFf>z}eLy
审计的具体项目 ;yqHt!N
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Receivables: confirmation :I"22EH
应收帐款:确认 <W
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Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties ?IQDk|<