1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 Zi[@xG8dm 0Np}O=> Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance gd-4hR 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 6$w)"Rq *[(O&L&0 Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors V=BF"S;-' 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 PmO utYV UHF.R>Ry Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion z,
[4BM 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 gR"'|c &F*s.gL Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior kN>%y&cK 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 hgX@?WWR &xMR{: Engagement letter mdR:XuRD"t 约定书(委托书) z_~f/ \zw0*;&U 2. Planning and risk assessment ZFNM>C^ 规划和风险评估 ngj=w;7~+ wIz<Y{HA= General principles Z!60n{T79c 一般原则 W~k"`g7uu v-J*PB.0p Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism $R%xeih1fz 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 UP}Ys* RyKsM. Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk mK5<;$ 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 3'8B rK }BS.OK? Risk-based approach iXK.QktHw 基于风险的办法 r
4k=i4 bv$_t)Xh Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business R:P'QM 了解商业的实质和知识 }(z[
rZ {$)zC*l Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud LCx{7bN1ro 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 @*e|{;X]hy la>:%SD Materiality (level), tolerable error M5s>;q) 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 s3kHNDdC [URo# Analytical procedures w d2GKq! 分析程序 ^&buX_nlO ^AdHP!I Planning an audit l^w=b~|7= 规划审计工作 eTemRNz B*p`e1 Audit documentation: working papers a,tzt
]> 审计文件:工作底稿 j}3Avu% i,1=5@rw5 The work of others 1r;]== 其他机构的文件 J^8(h R z^$DXl@)h Rely on the work of experts u+UtvzUC 依靠专家的工作 bhDV U(%I6 DW&%"$2 Rely on the work of internal audit (+q#kKR 依靠内部审计工作 5wYYYo= $$ou qLu 3. Internal control \fIGMoy! 内部控制 _^;+_6&[ B/.+&AJw The evaluation of internal control systems 6&_"dg" 对内部控制系统的评估 sS(t
}$ =(:{>tO_" Tests of control 4^cDp!8 控制测试 6x|"1
G{ <qjNX-| Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) =
&G<^7 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) L[o;@+32 _L
5< Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. wZB:7E% 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 3fPd|F.kF ya7PF~:E- l?Vm/YXb 4.Audit evidence @v{lH&K:; 审计证据
uyBmGS2 vFKX@wV S Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence /{@^h#4M1 获取足够、适当的审计证据 4g<F." ]Hr:|2|. Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations fd~a\5%e 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 =OY&;d!C #yz5CWu The audit of specific items qYo"-D* 审计的具体项目 C+ibLS4i OiBDI3,|+ Receivables: confirmation uG<VQ2LM 应收帐款:确认 r*?rwtFtg b{Srd3 Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties xS.Rpx/8 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 |m{Q_zAB ]gHxvT\E Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation N6K%Wkz 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 pkTg.70wU YDh6XD<Z Bank and cash: bank confirmation
}#0MJ6L 银行存款和现金:银行的确认
qkQ_# 70pt5O3] Auditing sampling OS|uZ<"Rq3 审计抽样 '2)c;/-E A8Z2o\+ 5.Review
T'YHV}b}vX 复核 QY14N{]T\p 5WhR| Subsequent events 9gjI;*(z1 随后发生的事件 "mT95x\NA\ X( Q*(_ K&1o!<| KKMzhvf]# p#-ov-znp Going concern RSL%< 持续关注 -anLp8G* OPm?kr Management representations %Xm3m0nsv{ 与管理层的交涉沟通 6@0
wKV!D 9iMQq40 Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences z9> yg_Q 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 gkxEy5c[ bpe8
`b(# t:A,pT3 6. Reporting >Hh8K<@NL 报告 a2:Tu 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com \)?mIwo7~ Appendix {sn :Lj0 附录 e[`E-br^ Audit procedure 'vgO` 审计程序 OBF3)L]