1. Assurance engagements and external audit 保证约定和外部审计 HB<>x
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Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance ET*:iioP
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 lEQj62zIQ
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Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors t="nmjQs
审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 X
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Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion ME5M;bz(
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 0uGTc[^^M
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Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior anKflt3
职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 J'&K
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Engagement letter 1:|o7`
约定书(委托书) \4fuC6d2
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2. Planning and risk assessment %?/vC
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规划和风险评估 mZnsr@KF
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General principles G]Im.x3O-
一般原则 +QSH*(,
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Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism pQ ul0]
持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 fQw=z$
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Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk tI.ho
审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 yZmeke)_
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Risk-based approach O^3XhTW^\~
基于风险的办法 -_
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Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 9`&sZ|"3
了解商业的实质和知识 Iq
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Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud kFfNDM#D
评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 bc& 5*?
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Materiality (level), tolerable error A(+V{1L'
重要性(级别),可容忍误差
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Analytical procedures ')WS :\J
分析程序 #=F{G4d)!=
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Planning an audit c11;(
规划审计工作 ZV-Yq !|t
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Audit documentation: working papers $?OQtz@
审计文件:工作底稿 7G Jhc
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The work of others |uJjO>8]|
其他机构的文件 (|tR>R.Wxg
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Rely on the work of experts ,GtN6?
依靠专家的工作 &o`LT|*m
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Rely on the work of internal audit 1b2xWzpG
依靠内部审计工作 MJn=
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3. Internal control :p$Q3
内部控制 4`?WdCW8
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The evaluation of internal control systems WjvgDNk
对内部控制系统的评估 +4[Je$qYa
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Tests of control hXc:y0
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控制测试 h,MaF<~
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Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) TH~"y
实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) [E qZj/
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Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. IKp/xj[!
交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 uJ3*AO
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4.Audit evidence fDChq[LAn
审计证据 xr^fP~V|)0
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Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence U@LIw6B!KL
获取足够、适当的审计证据 '*K%\]
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Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations &