1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 4]aiT8)) ImV]}M~_ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 'uKkl(==% 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 m&`(pf4A ;w6fM Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors f7Df %&d 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 (e8G
( =0PRAc Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion ?)'
2l6 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 :K^
gu%,&$ 8L-4}!~C Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior &`yOIX-H_ 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 GT'7,+<?N '{0[&i
* Engagement letter 2\nN4WL
5. 约定书(委托书) Rj}o4s2x 'cAc{\) 2. Planning and risk assessment 1 O7]3&L@ 规划和风险评估 mGe|8In
gmRT1T General principles hr[B^?6 一般原则 7Y32p' (/SGT$#8 Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism &v$,pg%-: 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 p`:*mf 8wII{FHX Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ;Rhb@]X 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 Ts(t:^
8VP"ydg-U Risk-based approach .~q)eV 基于风险的办法 ?Ml%$z@b? OQ(D5GR:4 Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business @n7t?9Bx 了解商业的实质和知识 Z6Nj<2u2 iUI y,Y Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud kG)2% 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 b4Cfd?' /Fv/oY Materiality (level), tolerable error aXdf>2c{JD 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 3ar=1_Ar
Y5ogi) Analytical procedures X"[dQ_o 分析程序 kDzj%sm! {J~(#i
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Planning an audit =
s'XR@ 规划审计工作 }iilzE4oH# P_p6GT:5 Audit documentation: working papers T&r +G!2 审计文件:工作底稿 _+twqi z,{e]MB)M The work of others _i3i HR? 其他机构的文件 d/XlV]#2x\ ~ww?Emrw Rely on the work of experts fokwW}>B[f 依靠专家的工作 CQdBf3q KNg8HYFW\ Rely on the work of internal audit Tu]&^[B(' 依靠内部审计工作 ajn-KG!A aje^Z=] 3. Internal control [@m[V1D 内部控制 R?
O-x9 S|"Fgoj r The evaluation of internal control systems ' _B_&is 对内部控制系统的评估 Bvz62? wms1IV%; Tests of control /7bw: h; 控制测试 x6LjcRS| (NX)oP Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) $`|5/,M%QN 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) HOE2*4r D7)(D4S4 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 2Ok?@ZdjA{ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 q"S(7xWS ,Ij=b W.^Ei\w/t 4.Audit evidence
JwZ?hc 审计证据 AzZJG v]H e1Ob!N- Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence TMK'(6dH 获取足够、适当的审计证据 1t+%Gv^sK K<FKu $= Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations }mKwFVZ 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 5O&d3;p' HOfF"QAR$ The audit of specific items ( :{"C6x 审计的具体项目 _z q)0\ KxY$PgcC Receivables: confirmation <yZP|_ 应收帐款:确认 j")FaIM i^WIr h3a Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties ``!G I'^ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 V]rhVMA | H8^ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation gQy~kctQ# 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 Pe
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IV0[!D Bank and cash: bank confirmation a5a1'IVq 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 P*YK9Hl< tRteyNA Auditing sampling 3YW=||;|Yg 审计抽样 T
xo@U j&WL*XP&5 5.Review
z>G;(F2 复核 g5y;?fqJ M ?*Tf& Subsequent events %*kLEA*v 随后发生的事件 &1_U1 A[`G^$
O}C)~GU J*j5#V]; ~].ggcl`w Going concern 2U}m RgJu 持续关注 r,4lqar;E d8E,o7$m Management representations 0z7L+2#b^ 与管理层的交涉沟通 dCe X}
Z rgqQxe= Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 3;-^YG 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 KXf<$\+zO DL {R|3{N \gItZ}+c4} 6. Reporting R"3
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f}iR Appendix j)Y[4 ^k^ 附录 *tc{vtuu~^ Audit procedure @*(4dt:V 审计程序 vc8?I."?