1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 bq}hj Cy
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t' Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance *pOdM0AE 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 'u)zQAaw. iuxS=3lT"K Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors <-3_tu>l 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 a2vZ' .w@o%AO_ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion BB)(#yoi 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 |+|q`SwJ L6jD4ec8 Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior )q>mt/, 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 <,Z6=M` "j<l=l! Engagement letter yH:gFEJ:x 约定书(委托书) O:hCUr jJ B+UF= 2. Planning and risk assessment SD=kpf; 规划和风险评估 3EHn}#+U Q^_*&},V General principles >w}5\4j 一般原则 > 0kZ-M5 z;F6:aBa Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism L]_1z 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 o2J-& @ 7WWoy Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 5VXI/Lw# 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 G5R"5d' <$8`]e?I Risk-based approach ZWVN(U 基于风险的办法 js~?y|e8k (C=.&',P Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business r*gQGvc 了解商业的实质和知识 "B^c FU~xKNr Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud
D ^Cpgha 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 #"6O3.P K< ;I*cA
X Materiality (level), tolerable error ;]/emw=a 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 !MNnau%O $XOs(>~"r Analytical procedures ^@"EI|fsP 分析程序 j-
% vLL/ j\o<r0I Planning an audit x
bsk 规划审计工作 <x^Ab#K" A
c'0 Audit documentation: working papers 42{\u 08Z 审计文件:工作底稿 Yr\pgK, >*v
P*H:P The work of others _$oN"pj 其他机构的文件 V2&O]bR t04_~e Rely on the work of experts tE~OWjL 依靠专家的工作 ^^O @ [
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OGa2 Rely on the work of internal audit L7}dvdtZ0 依靠内部审计工作 -{^I T` V ^ 3. Internal control 2EU((Q`>=( 内部控制 [i&EUvo gHB*u!w7Z The evaluation of internal control systems a&?SRC'x 对内部控制系统的评估 Vg>\@ C.s Q|gRBu Tests of control L355uaj 控制测试 3\ !DsPgW n[mVwQ(% Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) (iT?uMRz 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) ;$\?o ,bLHkBK Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. lVw77bZ 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 npj_i
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1jG?D 4.Audit evidence ;VLv2J* 审计证据 vZ
rE9C } h8ikM&fl Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence swfcA\7R 获取足够、适当的审计证据 _N-.=86* /|)VO?*D Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 06Irx^n 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 HZG^o^o1l+ (D?%(f The audit of specific items h0=Q .Yz6 审计的具体项目 e1EFZ,EcaO ~"Kf
+eFi Receivables: confirmation sp2"c"_+ 应收帐款:确认 C0eqCu)Q 5)T=^"IHXi Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties
sp/l-a 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 B5nzkJV<X tm"9` Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation B;3lF;3` 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 l
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8##)tS(y 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 \e=Iw"yd XMR$I&;G8 Auditing sampling "5
/i 审计抽样 WeqE9@V 7M|!N_ $ 5.Review
h6yXW!8 复核 ae&i]K; ~ _!lx Subsequent events udEJo~u 随后发生的事件 d~G, * d>RoH]K4 :|Ckr-k"1e s!vvAD;\ N FVr$?P Going concern \o&\r)FX
持续关注 $,mljJSQv .tg2HKD_lW Management representations W-pN 与管理层的交涉沟通 vM.Y/,7S ke+3J\;> Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences zq:+e5YT?T 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 &gP/<!# ZQ%4]=w _F2R
x@Y 6. Reporting JlM0]__v 报告 Y<x;-8)* 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com 0wh4sKm[X Appendix rx$B(z(c 附录 /M0A9ZT[ Audit procedure [SJ)4e|) 审计程序 !XJvhsKX y