1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 6?c7$Y C,|,-CY Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance @GW#&\yM 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 d5:c^` FXkM#}RgNm Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors > /caXvS 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 %6f*{G
w T{[=oH+ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion U
z>+2m( 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 -m~#Bq ge8ZsaiU Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior draN0vf 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 PB\x3pV!} d>qY{Fdz Engagement letter 1o{Mck
约定书(委托书) ,r\o}E2 \LexR.Di 2. Planning and risk assessment C!bUI8x
z 规划和风险评估 1/J=uH ak!G8'w General principles 7WZ+T"O{I 一般原则 #?:l b1 n/mG|)Xt Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism Q hO!Ma] 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 2g! +<YZ~ `3&v6 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk =Jb>x#Y 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 *(DV\. l` hkQ"OsU Risk-based approach Wvf
^N( 基于风险的办法 oYH-wQ j cSV aI Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business
Lw>N rY(Y 了解商业的实质和知识 [` 7ThHX zy
}$i? Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud ^k9I(f^c-_ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 p0vVkdd YNi.SXH Materiality (level), tolerable error 5$C-9 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 U-M>=3|N v`
1lxX'* Analytical procedures U # qK. 分析程序 *0=j?~& Er?&Y,o Planning an audit (SAs- 规划审计工作 KPUV@eQ, /mzlH Audit documentation: working papers i=2N;sAl 审计文件:工作底稿 FU4L6n nAdf=D'P The work of others l,5+@i`5i 其他机构的文件 t"oeQ*d%
92oFlEJ Rely on the work of experts kE1TP]| 依靠专家的工作 }k.Z~1y /cP"h!P}~~ Rely on the work of internal audit 1bwOmhkS 依靠内部审计工作 #o#H?Vo9b "3Y0`&:D 3. Internal control IJcsmNWm 内部控制 uoh7Sz5!^ om:VFs\U The evaluation of internal control systems 7HYwLG:\~ 对内部控制系统的评估 .(k|wX[Fu~ 63IM]J Tests of control KoT%Mfu 控制测试 {E|$8)58i wN~_v-~*Q Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) J5,9_uo] 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) Uw<nxD/+ [ub e6 Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. ( CWtLi"z 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 HJ.-Dg5U =[ 7A v> &wDs6xq 4.Audit evidence X%x*f3[ 审计证据 H3-hcx54T N4TV Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence 1 [Bk%G@D& 获取足够、适当的审计证据 xr^LFn) SQ+Gvq%Q] Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations ysnx3(+| 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 !0<,@v" +]{G@pn
The audit of specific items <t!W5q 审计的具体项目 EQSQFRk; ;L ^o*` Receivables: confirmation k)TpnH! " 应收帐款:确认 ~WF\ ]JQ
ULE) Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties /&JT~M 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 6[AL|d
DK /Z}}(6T Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation t\O16O7S 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 Bdpy:'fJn <<O$ G7c Bank and cash: bank confirmation xxQ;xI0+] 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 :NTO03F7v +R75v ) Auditing sampling TIg3`Fon 审计抽样 sU^1wB
Rj <(#ej4ar, 5.Review
6j|{`Zd)G 复核 j3ls3H& @_{=V0 Subsequent events :7;@ZEe 随后发生的事件 lr&a;aZp lPAQ3t!,
=($xG#g` 0JujesUw( yEy6]f+>+ Going concern $3kH~3{] 持续关注 Q\0'lQJdy j<e2d7oN Management representations 8zq=N#x 与管理层的交涉沟通 wVtwx0|1 E _|<jy$` Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences G=bCNn< 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 ~pky@O#b u: 'dc#F3 6. Reporting j_j]"ew) 报告 >y+B 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com <wHP2|<l* Appendix %\:Wi#w> 附录 /G`]=@~ Audit procedure |JsZJ9W+J 审计程序 ;<4a*;IO