1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 bK7.St J)huy\>, Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance 5)*6V& 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 \n(ROf^' 6eo4#/+% Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors Bb_Q_<DTs 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 :rL?1" yjd(UWE Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion $WClpvVj 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 H ;wR ~oFh>9u Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior QQ~23TlA 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 ;NG1{]|Z Nm"<!a<F Engagement letter xp=Zd\5W$ 约定书(委托书) Gc^t%Ue-H) @T/q d>T o 2. Planning and risk assessment to51hjV 规划和风险评估 q_pmwJ:UL 1t#XQ?8 General principles sW'6}^Q 一般原则 P4[]qbfd, BPiiexTV9 Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism OA5f} + 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 YM8rJ- +Y;8~+ Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk QE*%HR' 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 _'
lmCj8L feN!_- Risk-based approach g@(4ujOT 基于风险的办法 `fMpV8vv yF;?Hg Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business Pv[ykrm/ 了解商业的实质和知识 6Wb!J>93 h[,XemwX Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud UeNF^6sWu0 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 I3An57YV]. l{QC}{Ejc2 Materiality (level), tolerable error Kk>DYHZ6y 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 <k5`&X!+ 7P
c(<Ui+ Analytical procedures zQt1;bo
分析程序 zg)|rm g<a<{| Planning an audit J
eL~]F 规划审计工作 k|5k8CRX
@Rf^P( Audit documentation: working papers c`pYc 审计文件:工作底稿 ,A?{~?u. _^-D _y The work of others ]6q*)q:` 其他机构的文件 DEcGFRgN~ S,VyUe4P4 Rely on the work of experts s4N,^_j 依靠专家的工作 Z) t{JHm: K9^ "NS3 Rely on the work of internal audit }q]jjs 依靠内部审计工作 9LHa&"" ~\3l!zIq 3. Internal control +2El
内部控制 =~
'^;D ys/vI/e\ The evaluation of internal control systems c{ 7<H 对内部控制系统的评估 CxkMhd8qz 1S&0 Tests of control N?zV*ngBS 控制测试 >ks3WMm i:{:xKiC a Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) vLr&ay!w 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) eA1'qww"' wzg i
@i Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 51z / 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 K('
9l& A K1<k+t/V zWJKYF qK 4.Audit evidence ~PCTLP~zI 审计证据 :ET x*c F~%|3a$Y Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence X:DMT>5k 获取足够、适当的审计证据 eXc[3ceUr L-j/R1fTvl Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations y _6
r/z^ 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 t Z+0}d p?}&
)Un The audit of specific items NWeV>;lh9 审计的具体项目 ?,!uA)({n vu44 !c@ Receivables: confirmation ?~{rf:Y 应收帐款:确认 w~ijD ^g >=bt Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties Cy]" 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 wQ@Zwbx [1e.i Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation S io1Q0
应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 aD0Q 0C+ :J<Owh
@ Bank and cash: bank confirmation makaI0M 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 vs*>onCf cl?<
7 Auditing sampling t`h_+p%> 审计抽样 ShsJ_/C2 ^kc>m$HY 5.Review
/nwxuy 复核 RzMA\r;# t$tsWAmiA[ Subsequent events ux%&lff 随后发生的事件 bOi};/f CZF^Wxk |{zHM2 3gD u}^a^B$ KsZ@kTs Going concern /5&3WG&<u 持续关注 O 0Vn";Q 4 l#
}As.o} Management representations Q S5dP 与管理层的交涉沟通 6\%r6_.d Og_2k
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Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences *xEI
Zx 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 od;Bb ^-
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! tq2-.]Y@U 6. Reporting -bv>iIC
报告 c(QG4.)m 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com &8pCHGmV) Appendix )e@01l 附录 38Bnf Audit procedure ^vYVl{$bT 审计程序 VaOpO8y`