1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 56m|gZcC jv]:`$}G\ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance dHnId2@# 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 fV_(P_C H0s,tTK8 Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 3D
k W 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 (yAQm pp sw
nov[0 Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion XH0R
:+s 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 xgt dmv% It4J\S Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior /9WR>NUAO 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 ^=wG#!#V"1 d7u"Z5t Engagement letter 2`l$uEI3oJ 约定书(委托书) 0bpl3Fh.v R)#D{/#FW 2. Planning and risk assessment ;{Y|n_ 规划和风险评估 kO\(6f2|x .c+RFX@0 General principles 2ZB'WzH.X 一般原则 t.>vLzr
U R {+Rvk Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism ;/SM^&Y 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 /"Om-DK% BRV /7ao=" Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 'UT 4x9&z 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 ^^%sPtp Ni{(=&*= Risk-based approach 'd1E
~A 基于风险的办法 X{ZBS^M O.1Z3~r-N Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business ?4_^}B9 了解商业的实质和知识 \p.Byso, %n9}P ,
? Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud dLal15Pb 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 HH2*12e M\8FjJ>9 Materiality (level), tolerable error ."PR Z, 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 ^`\c;!)F< 2:/' Analytical procedures M0 x5s@ 分析程序 ?U2ed)zzw ?Gj$$IAe Planning an audit ]{nFB3vtB 规划审计工作 =
M7FD T8ZBQ;o Audit documentation: working papers )AqM?FE4R 审计文件:工作底稿 qw0tw2| fh
)QX The work of others X
c,UR. 其他机构的文件 oFHVA
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8F\ Rely on the work of experts netKt_ 依靠专家的工作 I1&Z@[ {{[).o/ Rely on the work of internal audit )~O{jd
依靠内部审计工作 ,u{d@U^)3@ (Y'rEc#H&z 3. Internal control =5%jKHo+9z 内部控制 _1dG!!L_ {mw,U[C The evaluation of internal control systems *WfOB2rU 对内部控制系统的评估 u|WX?@\ ;
MCv Tests of control -deY,% 控制测试 /!JpmI .ymR%X_k Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) rc*3k 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) aAwnkQ$
Zx55mSfx: Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. y*\ M7}]( 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 \ H<'W" &EXql'] }&rf'E9 4.Audit evidence ^gH.5L0]gH 审计证据 \?GUGs 3l`yy])t Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence f>waFu- 获取足够、适当的审计证据 W8yr06{] +tdt>)a Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations 15uVvp/ 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 zBB4lC{q #TZYe4#f The audit of specific items ;r-
\h1iA' 审计的具体项目 {^"c>'R z
mrk`o~ Receivables: confirmation Kdx?s;i 应收帐款:确认 ECg/ge2 e@Z(z^V Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties zL3~,z/o 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 x
nWapG g}$]K!F Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation .4_EaQ;jX 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 3r+vp yu ;'}1 Bank and cash: bank confirmation V{{b^y 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 ub+>i A37Z;/H~k Auditing sampling +X
cB 5S> 审计抽样 F{]dq/{ &Zd{ElM 5.Review
jf*M}Q1jHE 复核 T"in 2Ev~[Hb. Subsequent events rbO9NRg> 随后发生的事件 ]#j]yGV `Kpn@Xg i)+@'!6 >Ah [uM }4#%0x`w Going concern +7^%fX;3pW 持续关注 {]Nvq9? ,D+pGxbr
Management representations iKLN !QR 与管理层的交涉沟通 Rl.3p<sX ]hS4'9lD Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences ~U~KUL| 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 Cb x/ $ze%!C 80![aj}z4G 6. Reporting jC@$D*"J 报告 ou6yi;
l% 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com X4Q?
]{ Appendix pu0IhDMn 附录 Wf-i)oc4I Audit procedure ['tGc{4 审计程序 P"XF|*^U