1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 f{i~hVF *s=jKV# Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance +, IMN)?;z 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 3bWYRW -'!K(" Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors N*^iOm]Y 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 *|Bu 7nwg w(,K Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion YGdzA]3> 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 ?cyBF*o rofGD9f
Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior \`kH2` 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 {zckY yuef84~ Engagement letter 6np 约定书(委托书) P0mY/bBU ;nSOeAF)Q 2. Planning and risk assessment sY-
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Q 规划和风险评估 G5l?c@
o hRU5CH/! General principles vk1E!T9X 一般原则 jV|j]m&t y^u9Ttf{ Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism KfPYH\0 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 eb#yCDIC ;q"Yz-3 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk 9Z[EzKd<~' 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 }CM</ /#FU" Risk-based approach `GpOS_; 基于风险的办法
23(j < ELvP<Ny} Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business qN=l$_UD 了解商业的实质和知识 &s{" Vc9] 0[
BPmO6 Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud #^>Md59N 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 m)1+D"z mVs<XnA47 Materiality (level), tolerable error ,N1I\f 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 r3}Q1b& h>a/3a$g Analytical procedures zbL8
pp 分析程序 yKhN1kY nOQvBc Planning an audit <E&8g[x6 规划审计工作 6Trtulm VpO+52& Audit documentation: working papers 2uEvu 审计文件:工作底稿 v<AFcY ~u.((GM The work of others C f(g 其他机构的文件 /QW-#K|S& \i.Yhl:O Rely on the work of experts H[DBL 依靠专家的工作 #,5v#|u|7 dRGgiQO Rely on the work of internal audit \'Z^rjB 依靠内部审计工作 !uc"|S? n#
4e1n+I 3. Internal control ]n
'FD| 内部控制 pIhy3@bY 5*hA6Ex7 The evaluation of internal control systems ;%<R>gDWv 对内部控制系统的评估 %2ZWSQD cYx.<b
JH Tests of control V"u .u 控制测试 N]dsGvX KmX?W/%R Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) Tya[6b!8 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) (WuJ9 uG^RU\( Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. *%aWGAu: 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 zqlg
Jn B.Y8O^rx .Gcs/PN 4.Audit evidence :$f9(f& 审计证据 8r\;8all ]b&O#D9 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence G9AQIU%ii 获取足够、适当的审计证据 =}1m. ZD#{h J- Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations ;8iK] ;^ 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 :(TOtrK@ 3q)y;T\yW The audit of specific items J5#shs[M: 审计的具体项目 slH3c:j\ %|o2d&i Receivables: confirmation #,jw! HO] 应收帐款:确认 5 `A^"}0 8h$f6 JE Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties @w
@SOzS) 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 iji2gWV}h UC*\3:>'n Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation ~fz9AhU8 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 {Q/_I@m]. E,gpi
Bank and cash: bank confirmation VI(2/** 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 q'CtfmI`r= H+?@LPV*N Auditing sampling Uy;e5<< 审计抽样 BWev(SF{Ny -;RW)n^n 5.Review
@mm~i~~KA 复核 17) `CM$<[ a[hQ<@1O Subsequent events x~n]r[!L 随后发生的事件 b3^d!#KVM rZkl0Y;n\ )2g-{cYv %O02xr= hNUkaP Going concern up
)JU [ 持续关注 5169E* b6ui&Y8z Management representations g?>V4WF 与管理层的交涉沟通 5o2vj8:: aF5=k:k Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences ^/:G`' 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 OqlP_^Zz7p V}po .yN. 6. Reporting [`_-;/Gx2 报告 D\ kd6 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com /~}<[6ZGCY Appendix du_T
iI 附录 x>eV$UJ Audit procedure ]v|n'D-? 审计程序 :Lh`Q"a