1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 $AfM>+GQ`n $@"l#vJPfc Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance EwuO&q
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 \!>3SKs(e 6;u$&&c( Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors 4^TG>j?M 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 1HXjN~XF K!:azP,bZ Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion O/,aJCe
意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 8WtsKOno 18~>ZR Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior j:5=s%S 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 9XPo3; a&tSj35*6 Engagement letter +,2:g}5 约定书(委托书) 1xD=ffM>8N 5V6G=H 2. Planning and risk assessment Rec6c&5_ 规划和风险评估 |rJ=Ksc iJ~Zkd General principles uxW~uEh 一般原则 K&nE_.kbl @{YS}&Q/ Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism |kw)KEi}H 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 o}W%I/s 74H)|Dkx Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk "{tg8-a4) 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 FuVnk~gq "l*Pd$sr Risk-based approach 7l'6gg 基于风险的办法 s~>d:'k7| )>.&N[v Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 8)O[Aq:: 了解商业的实质和知识 TT'[qfAI MNC*Glj= Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud "B= 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 V=zi
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98 Materiality (level), tolerable error ?3*l{[@J 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 e<=cdze )=5ng- Analytical procedures #bMuvaP~ 分析程序 fIj|4a+ *RXbc~
H Planning an audit lL{5SH<Q 规划审计工作 y=`2\L" O m1),;RsH Audit documentation: working papers dQ_!)f&w1 审计文件:工作底稿 ZT,B(#m cc#gEm)3C The work of others w9NHk~LHKF 其他机构的文件 Kz>3
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\=uKHNP?# Rely on the work of experts 4"{ooy^Q 依靠专家的工作 *$p2*%7Ne Ko;{I?c Rely on the work of internal audit 29!q!g | 依靠内部审计工作 U4gF(Q F_;vO%} 3. Internal control nyBJb(5"B 内部控制 RnhL<
Ywu hJDi7P The evaluation of internal control systems &$]v
h 对内部控制系统的评估 (>VX-Y/ zY,r9<I8_x Tests of control ;k7
xMZs 控制测试 ?\$#L^;b} 2C/$Ei^t
Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) Z0 o~+Ct$ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) AI,(z;{P $/.zm;D Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. Eve.QAl| 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 Hz.(qW">5* }"=AG r9 ui|>U" 4.Audit evidence
0BH_'ZW 审计证据 cgm81+[%r /[Z,MG Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence 5C
q{XcXV 获取足够、适当的审计证据 HRiL.DS UVw~8o9s Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations O)ME"@r@: 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 I9:Cb)hbU] (xVsDAp=@ The audit of specific items
/o[?D 审计的具体项目 qW!]co @1DX Receivables: confirmation ^go7_y 应收帐款:确认
"Qja1TQ ^@qvl%j Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties ?pn}s]*/ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 ?gJy3@D 5dB'&8DX Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation +m8!U=Zi 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 \8<BLmf4U gF$V$cU Bank and cash: bank confirmation {@tv>!WW 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 [k6nW:C 1jc,
Y.mP Auditing sampling N5i+3& 审计抽样 P@,nA41,j Z\HX~*,6 5.Review
&|!7Z4N 复核 SQqD:{#g" 3'^k$;^
Subsequent events 'g$(QvGF9 随后发生的事件 %,Ap7X3:QT tI7:5Cm ^my].Qpt m< 3Ao^I+ Eh|]i;G% Going concern z.Y$7bf) 持续关注 LE*h9(( "
t7M3i_ Management representations /Wy.>YC| 与管理层的交涉沟通 # *TEq 3bDQk
:L Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences oI.G-ChP 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 lKlU-4 Er{#ziN+ +reor@h 6. Reporting 4"xPr[=iG 报告 6e_dJ=_ 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com 2AtLyN'. Appendix Oi:<~E[kz. 附录 vq!_^F< Audit procedure h+a S4Q& 审计程序 q+[SbG&