1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 udW,
P s)&"ga Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance u9k##a4.E
物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 E
~{-RZNK gp(w6:w Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors =C5[75z#+ 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 YwHnDVV+ KHdj#3<AR Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion 6t*=.b,N 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 VZw( "a*TB [=.. #y!U Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior JWH}0+1* 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 X @r5^A[9 D:%$a]_f Engagement letter tA'i-D& 约定书(委托书) e|]g?! Y@;bA=Du} 2. Planning and risk assessment =:9n+7~$
规划和风险评估
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>U& General principles DH m$gk 一般原则 qH"0?<$9 7r*>?]y+ Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism sm\/wlbE 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 (Z6[a{}1i U3A>#EV Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk `p'L3u5H- 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 Auv/w}zrr qdUlT*fw Risk-based approach o<T>G{XYB 基于风险的办法 7.akp QAcvv 0Hv Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business y 0M&Bh 了解商业的实质和知识
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@ o3}12i S Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud YQe @C 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 @AVx4,!>[ bNIT 1'v Materiality (level), tolerable error L'z?M]
重要性(级别),可容忍误差 M,y='*\M Gf]oRNP,N Analytical procedures ;41s&~eR 分析程序 Cg )#B+ ("mW=Ln Planning an audit 2yeq2v 规划审计工作 !A!zG)Ue< EYG&~a>L* Audit documentation: working papers c3oI\lU
审计文件:工作底稿
=ngu*#?c4 WDgp(Av! The work of others ChGwG.-%L 其他机构的文件 :GGsQ
n [o|]>(tk Rely on the work of experts ~x>IN1Vci 依靠专家的工作 =oiY'
}%(i ki}Uw# Rely on the work of internal audit 6^|bKoN/ f 依靠内部审计工作 =fG(K!AQ ?55('+{l 3. Internal control \^':(Gu4o 内部控制 _FAwW<S4B 9n9/[?S The evaluation of internal control systems V<ODt% 对内部控制系统的评估 o&I0*~sN 5Ko"- Tests of control Oi
l>bv8 控制测试 Bg7?1m F"B! r -J Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) V@cRJ3ZF 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) S,Tm=} wj q@Q|oB0W$) Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. {SK8Mdn 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 +wT,dUin_< \gIdg:"02 '90B),c{ 4.Audit evidence 0r+-}5aSl5 审计证据 B-M|}T H]@Zp"7 Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence )Tb{O 获取足够、适当的审计证据 oqE h_[. kv `x Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations i.K}(bo;b 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 dqd Qt_ YMqL,&Q{1 The audit of specific items Td8'z' 审计的具体项目 YXD1B`23 T5Pc2R Receivables: confirmation l
zuPE,h 应收帐款:确认 uY'Ib[H w8{deSdfP Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties Vvv
-f 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 #9
}Oqm (v(_XlMK Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation o"'VI4 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 b\^ Sz{ I`5MAvP Bank and cash: bank confirmation 6p1TI1( 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 _L# Tp GI6 EZ}.MZ Auditing sampling TR
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P<m 审计抽样 14zo0ANM ncS^NH(& 5.Review
|mci-ZT 复核 m=%W <8[V )NyGV!Zuu Subsequent events eb( =V*
随后发生的事件 #2u-L~n =E
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pRt )B`# Z39^nGO Going concern E}"&?oY 持续关注 %/S BJ FK
mFjqY Management representations uP+
j_is 与管理层的交涉沟通 M_*w)< z|p
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Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences nz>A\H 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 &,KxtlR![ * z{D}L-& EE%OD~u&9# 6. Reporting TxxW/f9D 报告 ^z)lEO 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com m=y6E,
_ Appendix xn6E f" 附录 o8Bo%OjE Audit procedure tP3H7Yl!g 审计程序 YK}(VF?&