1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 \$DBtq5= *C+[I Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance SG\ /m'F 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 KA{QGaZ/ p!=8 Pq. Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors #rGCv~0*l 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 ^lZ7% 6 cl]W]^q-Cx Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion MnF|'t 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 - ry +2 oZML Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior $V?sD{=W 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 u?MhK#Mr CALD7qMK Engagement letter /|UbYe, 约定书(委托书) ',WJ'g {Ke
IYjE 2. Planning and risk assessment ;y@zvec4 规划和风险评估 ^OIo
M.MQ?`_"b General principles Nb_Glf 一般原则 StTxga| nFG X2|d Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism R_GA`U\ { 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 W1xPK* Lk#)VGk: Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk l$c/!V[3 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 UukY9n];] u^E0u^ Risk-based approach _:tS-Mx@5 基于风险的办法 C\BKdx5; S[/udA Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business 04v
~K 了解商业的实质和知识 B= E/|J</ [qkW/qS Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud mdrqX<x'~ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 %Y'/_
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ip{b*@K Materiality (level), tolerable error <im}R9eJ1 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 uBg#
zx 'w72i/ Analytical procedures :]Om4Q\-# 分析程序 gYGoJH1 (]I=';\ Planning an audit RN@)nc_ 规划审计工作 ,f,+) C$ WpE"A Audit documentation: working papers |HY{Q
1% 审计文件:工作底稿 4s_5>r4 )*uo tV The work of others <^KW7M}w*c 其他机构的文件 G}NqVbZ9] 5-({z%:P Rely on the work of experts lAC"7 Z?F 依靠专家的工作 .T(vGiU ls9Y? Rely on the work of internal audit !~'D;Jh 依靠内部审计工作 $w-@Oa*h9U L5KcI 3. Internal control \21Gg%W5AE 内部控制 a"g\f{v0AR v6uRzFw
The evaluation of internal control systems =<aFkBX- 对内部控制系统的评估 FdEUZ[IT`{ ){,Mv:#+T Tests of control W}zq9|p 控制测试 OR+py.vK OQ<;w Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) 3syA$0TZt 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) |{ZdAr.; b~)2`l Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. ObreDv^, 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 |90/tNe En&gI`3n *u,&?fCl 4.Audit evidence ?GLCd7TP 审计证据 7aPA+gA/ K~3Y8ca Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence vAeVQ~ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 H)dZ0n4T (47la$CR Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations L
9cXgd 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 i$6a0'@U 5^ubXA The audit of specific items " L,9.b 审计的具体项目 pSYEC,0B P (Y\l Receivables: confirmation Q4]Od{[ 应收帐款:确认 fF9hL3h?) Q:y'G9b Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties @ u
Q *$ 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 =kK%,Mr .We{W{ Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation n8T'}d+mm 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 ^4<&"aoo ;AL:VU Bank and cash: bank confirmation W* v3B. 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 (q}LirR UL%a^' hR Auditing sampling `P:[.hRu 审计抽样 %CgV:.,K ^1_[UG 5.Review
#@1( 复核 (#z6w#CU( Q+QD, Subsequent events :B7U),T 随后发生的事件 # M!1W5# ,]n~j-X gMPp'^g]_ #ZnNJ\6 JZ:yPvJ Going concern WoNY8
8hT 持续关注 D$NpyF.87 AA=
eWg Management representations YGc:84S 与管理层的交涉沟通 88?O4)c /J&DYxl": Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences qTMY]=( 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 Y
ZuA"l Y fYh<S SN\c2^# 6. Reporting yg~@}_C2_ 报告 ###>0(n 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com 5)h fI7{d Appendix @tD (<*f+ 附录 P4/~_$e Audit procedure %so{'rQl 审计程序 L2~'Z'q