1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 )(DV~1r= |ZRl.C/e Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance VK`b'U&l" 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 v8pUt\m" P<2yCovn` Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors &BE[=& | 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 qRB%G<H GD< Afni Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion CT"0"~~ 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 4]
DmgOru% a o7|8[ Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior \
2".Kb@= 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 8q tNK>D Gl1`Nx0 Engagement letter &+sO"j4<?r 约定书(委托书) OWq~BZ{ eJy@N 2. Planning and risk assessment 7r}gS2d 规划和风险评估 \t!+]v8f8 KrbNo$0% General principles _=}Y
lR 一般原则 0U$6TDtmE C2Y&qX, Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism RbrvY 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 possM'vC 5#2vSq!H Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk ;#Mq=Fr-SG 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 MGmtA( X
.272q<. Risk-based approach T>?sPq 基于风险的办法 0tsll1 J v)]7u Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business Rj E,Wn 了解商业的实质和知识 Y%&6qt G ;'<K}h Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud F48
`1+ 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 ?W(wtp,o ZFdQZ=.' Materiality (level), tolerable error ;
9
'*w=V 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 Zn9w1ev UiYA#m Analytical procedures 9r8{9h: 分析程序 oY0
*T9vv+ o[cKh7&+ Planning an audit }]n&" =Zk- 规划审计工作 C]r$ kbMIMZC/G Audit documentation: working papers mIr{Wocx 审计文件:工作底稿 pP".?|n BtqJkdK!;1 The work of others
q2hZ1o 其他机构的文件 L)w& f PN.=])7T Rely on the work of experts F_I! + 依靠专家的工作 W)9KYI9u FlkAo] Rely on the work of internal audit x]{h$yI 依靠内部审计工作 ucA6s:!={ WV&BZ:H 3. Internal control L50`,,WF 内部控制 ' bT9AV% MA1,;pv6 The evaluation of internal control systems iT|+<h 对内部控制系统的评估 ]X-ZRmB` -}N{'S
,Bp Tests of control sJ0y3)PQ 控制测试 {+r?g J 2ag]p Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) &Owt:R)9~ 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) c9'#G>&h~^ I;xTyhUd Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. 6%yr>BFtVV 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 'Lm.`U
Az)P&*2:'` 0`S!+d 4.Audit evidence Y{J/Oib 审计证据 VvltVYOZA rg P$\xn- Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence Y@r#:BH
) 获取足够、适当的审计证据 DD-DY&2R %ZQl.''ISa Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations i"-#1vy= 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 f|q6<n_nM cJhf{{_oR The audit of specific items eEU: 审计的具体项目 |]I?^:I *v8 ]99N Receivables: confirmation "?N`9J|j)~ 应收帐款:确认 S>*T&K 60p1.;'/a Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties yDyq. -Q 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 c/hml4 n&Al~-Q:^
Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation e~-Dk .i 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 Dgkt-:S/T| L~yy;)]W Bank and cash: bank confirmation B@s\>QMm 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 vfo[<" `b]
NB^/ Auditing sampling )*_YeT&w. 审计抽样 @*_K#3 xApa+j6I 5.Review
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^9C 复核 wo_FM
`@ ^X_%e | Subsequent events k?";$C}# 随后发生的事件 ^<E,aCy k
(7!W '@:;oe@] L@2H>Lh35 A2vOI8 Going concern {bNnhW*qOu 持续关注 i\<l&W
m?m,w$K Management representations =-q)I[4# 与管理层的交涉沟通 p,4z;.s$ N7M^ Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences ~M\s!!t3 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异
GN>T } ;wN.RPE_^ C2b.([HE 6. Reporting tb=(L 报告 )WFUAzuN, 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com -~aVt~{k/ Appendix #A))#sT'R 附录 *in_Zt3 Audit procedure hm5<_(F! 审计程序 uj]GBo=