1. Assurance engagements and external audit
保证约定和外部审计 :aLShxKA |OF<=GGO+ Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance aoz+g,1
// 物质性,真实公平的描述,合理的保证 @5\OM#WT~& Q{b Z D* Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors ?,]%V1(@V` 审计人员的的任命、免职和辞职 6g29!F`y DUEA"m h Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion RPPxiYU^ 意见类型:无保留意见,保留意见,否定意见,拒绝表示意见 8|{:N>7 c%>t(ce`Tl Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality, professional behavior 1sYwFr 5 职业道德:独立,客观,完整,专业能力,应有的谨慎,保密,职业行为 =r3Yt9
zN#$eyt Engagement letter 6#7f^uIK 约定书(委托书) HGfYL')Z k7>* fQ89@ 2. Planning and risk assessment Vm_y,;/(-R 规划和风险评估 M3K+;-n^ m/=,O_ General principles muT+H(Z p} 一般原则 %Gl, V5z& `(H]aTLt , Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism dwv xV$Nt 持专业的怀疑态度计划和执行审计工作 i' %V}2 RZjTUMAz4 Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk l6Ze6X I 审计风险=内在风险×控制风险×检查风险 k )Z? 5ap}(bO Risk-based approach )J<Li!3 基于风险的办法 63U
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+Zs Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business -5>K
pgXo\ 了解商业的实质和知识 )K -@{v^| A;1<P5lo Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud (NOAHV0H 评估材料错报和舞弊的风险 Ooc,R( tNjb{(eO\h Materiality (level), tolerable error -9} ]J\ 重要性(级别),可容忍误差 z(g4D! S"CsY2; Analytical procedures 7XT2d=)" 分析程序 bd_U%0)pi1 #~I%qa"_pa Planning an audit yrR<F5xge 规划审计工作 \! Os!s =y,_FFoS Audit documentation: working papers w:r0> 审计文件:工作底稿 L7G':oA_`p Yt++? The work of others fxI>FhU_ 其他机构的文件 L;Nz\sJ , =IbZ Rely on the work of experts @bmu4!"d 依靠专家的工作 `XP]y= $Etf'. Rely on the work of internal audit 0h^upB#p 依靠内部审计工作 L'J$jB5cP *oY59Yf 3. Internal control "%D+_Yb'X 内部控制 r9%4q4D?>9 _T
6WA&;8 The evaluation of internal control systems 64#~ p) 对内部控制系统的评估 ORs<<H.d `8xmMA_l Tests of control 28d: 控制测试 D4}WJMQ7s A{: a kK Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent) <uU AAHi 实质性程序(时间,性质,程度) 1FjA {}D8Y_=9\ Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc. REW
*6: 交易周期:收入,采购,库存等。 !R//"{k0? (jPN+yQ N1\u~%AT" 4.Audit evidence !Lb9KDk 审计证据 YMIDV- ',z'.t Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence isj<lnQ 获取足够、适当的审计证据 bo <.7 i'L7t!f}o Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement, presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations
uDafPTF 财务报表要求包含:完整性、发生、存在、计量、描述和披露、权利与义务 8|d lt$ FnP/NoZa> The audit of specific items b}9K"GT 审计的具体项目 YCeE?S1gk3 Um9!<G=; Receivables: confirmation !
D'U:) 应收帐款:确认 RA+Y ./*h NjdAfgA Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties x,2+9CCU 存货:数量,减值,第三方持有存货的确认 G( nT.\ x|U]x Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation b^y#.V.|k 应付帐款:供应商的申明一致,确认 'ujtw:Z: yh]#V"W3 Bank and cash: bank confirmation 3.Ni%FF` 银行存款和现金:银行的确认 c<A@Op"A [bJ"*^M) Auditing sampling ,`P,)) 审计抽样 =5oFutg` !!o69 5.Review
lk}R#n$ 复核 e l'^9K [
LL"86D Subsequent events H6/@loO!Xy 随后发生的事件
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Y_p }f^K}*sK$5 [9z<*@$- Going concern _Y|k \|' 持续关注 e|):%6# [k@D}p
x Management representations A}~hc&J 与管理层的交涉沟通 |; $fy- ,
y{o!w Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences 17$JBQ,[ 审核定稿和最后审查:未经调整的差异 "0`r]5 5d (
4$lB{% (FH4\ 't) 6. Reporting 9D(M>'Bh 报告 iWCN2om 学会计论坛bbs.xuekuaiji.com V F6OC4 K Appendix &ad9VB7 附录 ?
4qN>uW= Audit procedure 'RQZU*8 审计程序 O*H:CW